Journal of Nutrition and Health

The Korean Nutrition Society (한국영양학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Comparison of health care practice, dietary behavior, and nutrient intakes, considering the alcohol drinking status of industrial workers in the Chungnam area

충남지역 일부 산업체 근로자의 알코올섭취 수준에 따른 건강관리 실천, 식행동 및 영양소 섭취상태 비교

  • Park, Gun Hee (Major of Nutrition Education, The Graduate School of Education, Jeonbuk National University) ;
  • Rho, Jeong Ok (Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Jeonbuk National University)
  • 박건희 (전북대학교 교육대학원 영양교육전공) ;
  • 노정옥 (전북대학교 식품영양학과)
  • Received : 2021.03.04
  • Accepted : 2021.05.17
  • Published : 2021.06.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Purpose: This study was undertaken to identify the alcohol drinking status of industrial workers, their health care practice, and dietary behavior, as well as their nutrient intake. Methods: In July 2019, 220 male subjects working in the Chungnam area were enrolled in the study. Their alcohol drinking status was evaluated by applying the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification-K (AUDIT-K) system. Demographic characteristics, status of health care practice, and dietary behaviors were assessed using a self-administered questionnaire; nutrient intakes were analyzed using 24-hour recalls. Data were analyzed by applying χ2-test, ANOVA, Duncan test, and Pearson's correlation analysis with SPSS v. 25.0. Results: Workers were classified by their alcohol drinking status as 'normal' (84, 38.2%), 'problem drinker' (45, 20.5%), 'alcohol dependence I' (60, 27.3%), and 'alcohol dependence II' (31, 16.0%). The alcohol drinking status showed significant differences with age (p < 0.05), monthly income (p < 0.05), smoking status (p < 0.05), and need for weight control (p < 0.05). Moreover, increased alcohol intake resulted in significantly decreased levels of health care practice and dietary behaviors (p < 0.05, p < 0.01, respectively). The energy intake was highest in the 'alcohol dependence I' group, followed by 'alcohol dependence II', 'problem drinker', and 'normal drinker' (p < 0.05). Intakes of vitamin E, vitamin C, and niacin in the 'alcohol dependence I' group were found to be higher than the other groups (p < 0.05). A negative correlation was obtained between alcohol drinking status, health care practice, and dietary behaviors, whereas a positive correlation was determined between alcohol drinking status, energy and water intakes. Conclusion: Considering these results, we conclude the necessity to consider nutritional and alcoholic education programs for improving the quality of work life of industrial workers, based on their alcohol drinking status.

본 연구는 2019년 7월 충남지역 220명의 산업체 남성근로자를 대상으로 건강관리 실천, 식행동 및 영양소섭취실태를 조사하였으며, 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 알코올의존도 분석 결과, '정상음주군'은 84명(38.2%), '문제음주군' 45명 (20.4%), '알코올의존 I군' 60명 (27.3%), '알코올의존 II군' 31명 (14.1%)이었다. 조사대상자의 평균연령은 45.42 ± 10.63세이며, 연령이 높아질수록 알코올의존도가 유의적으로 낮아졌다. 건강관리 실천의 총점은 50점 중 34.66점, 평균값은 3.47점이었다. 알코올의존도에 따라 '정상음주군', '문제음주군', '알코올의존 I군', '알코올의존 II군'의 순으로 건강관리 실천 수준이 유의하게 낮아졌다. 하위항목 중 '매일 2 L이상의 수준을 섭취하고 있다'는 '문제음주군'이, '평소 6시간 이상의 충분한 수면을 한다', '나는 긍정적인 생활습관을 가지고 있다', '적정한 체형유지를 위해 노력한다', '가까운 거리는 차를 이용하지 않고 걸어 다닌다', '전반적으로 건강하다'는 '정상음주군'이 유의적으로 높았다. 식행동의 총점은 65점 중 44.71점, 평균값은 3.44점이었다. 알코올의존도에 따라 '정상음주군', '문제음주군', '알코올의존 I군', '알코올의존 II군'의 순으로 알코올의존수준이 높아 질수록 식행동 수준이 유의하게 낮아졌다. '식사할 때 소금이나 간장을 넣지 않는다'와 '채소를 먹는 습관이 중요하다'는 '문제음주군'이 유의적으로 높았으나, '식사할 때 채소를 골고루 먹는다', '평소 과일을 자주 먹는다', '식사할 때 과식하지 않는다', '식사 전에 손을 깨끗이 씻는다', '식사 후에 양치질을 한다'는 '정상음주군'이 유의적으로 높았다. 영양소섭취량은 '알코올의존 I군'의 '에너지' (2,472.48 kcal), '비타민 E' (23.98 mg), '비타민 C' (69.05 mg), '니아신' (17.56 mg) 섭취량이 유의적으로 높았다. 관련요인 및 영양소섭취상태 간의 상관관계에서 '연령'은 '알코올의존도'와 음의 상관관계 (r = -0.213), '알코올의존도'는 '건강관리 실천' (r = -0.212), '식행동' (r = -0.199)과 음의 상관관계, '건강관리 실천'은 '식행동' (r = 0.526)과 양의 상관관계를 보였다. '알코올의존도'는 '에너지' (r = 0.168), '수분' (r = 0.160)과 양의 상관관계, '건강관리 실천'은 '칼슘'과 양의 상관관계 (r = 0.138), '식행동'은 '칼슘' (r =0.139), '비타민 C' (r = 0.148), '리보플라빈' (r = 0.140), '엽산' (r = 0.136)과 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 이상의 결과, 충남지역 산업체 남성근로자의 문제음주자 비율이 높은 수준으로 근로자의 건강관리실천, 식행동 및 영양소섭취에 영향을 주고 있었다. 특히, 알코올의존도가 높을수록 모든 지표가 낮게 나타났다. 따라서 근로자들의 건강유지와 근무만족도를 높일 수 있는 음주교육 및 건강 프로그램의 시행이 요구된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Ministry of Health and Welfare, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency. Korean Health Statistics 2019: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES VIII-1). Cheongju: Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency; 2019.
  2. Park Y, Chae D, Kim S. The effects of overtime work on health-related quality of life of Korean blue-collar workers. J Korea Converg Soc 2017; 8(12): 199-208. https://doi.org/10.15207/JKCS.2017.8.12.199
  3. Ha Y, Jung MR. Factors associated with problem drinking in Korean male employees for drinking motivation, job stress, and drinking refusal self-efficacy. Korean J Occup Health Nurs 2015; 24(1): 48-56. https://doi.org/10.5807/kjohn.2015.24.1.48
  4. Kosis Korea. Annual Average Actual Working Hours Per Employee (OECD) [Internet]. Daejeon: Korean Statistical Information Service; 2021 [cited 2021 Feb 3]. Available from: http://kosis.kr.
  5. Kim DH, Cho YC. Occupational stress and its associated factors among male workers in small-scale manufacturing industries under 50 members. J Digit Converg 2012; 10(10): 405-413. https://doi.org/10.14400/JDPM.2012.10.10.405
  6. Song MY, Cho CY, Lee KS. The effects health condition of middle-aged industrial workers on life satisfaction: focused on Chungbuk studies. Korean J Care Work 2009; 11(1): 109-128.
  7. Chung IB, Chang N. Effects of alcohol drinking frequency and foods consumed along with alcohol on anthropometry, serum lipid levels, and blood pressure in male patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Korean J Nutr 2008; 41(4): 317-326.
  8. Choi YS. Comparison of the mental health, metabolic syndrome and nutrient intake by gender in problem drinkers; based on the fifth (2010-2012) Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. J Korea Acad Ind Coop Soc 2014; 15(8): 5159-5168. https://doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2014.15.8.5159
  9. Kim SJ, Cho YC. The association of AUDIT levels with obesity indices, liver function tests, and serum lipid levels in male health checkup examinees. J Korea Acad Ind Coop Soc 2015; 16(5): 3230-3242. https://doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2015.16.5.3230
  10. Walter V, Jansen L, Ulrich A, Roth W, Blaker H, Chang-Claude J, et al. Alcohol consumption and survival of colorectal cancer patients: a population-based study from Germany. Am J Clin Nutr 2016; 103(6): 1497-1506. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.115.127092
  11. Ricci C, Schutte AE, Schutte R, Smuts CM, Pieters M. Trends in alcohol consumption in relation to cause-specific and all-cause mortality in the United States: a report from the NHANES linked to the US mortality registry. Am J Clin Nutr 2020; 111(3): 580-589. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqaa008
  12. Kim CG, Lee SH, Cha SK. Influencing factors on cardio-cerebrovascular disease risk factors in young men: focusing on obesity indices. J Korean Biol Nurs Sci 2017; 19(1): 1-10. https://doi.org/10.7586/jkbns.2017.19.1.1
  13. Choi SY, Kang YS, Kim GE, Park MY, Kim SH. An investigation of the nutrient intakes according to the alcohol consumption level in male workers. Korean J Food Nutr 2009; 22(4): 669-677.
  14. Kim HT, Chun SS, Joung SH, Yun ME. Nutrient intake status of Korean drinkers: analysis of data from Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), 2011. J Korean Diet Assoc 2013; 19(4): 343-355. https://doi.org/10.14373/JKDA.2013.19.4.343
  15. Lee BH, Lee SH, Lee JS, Hwang SH, Ji H, Jang GH, et al. Differences in sub-scores of the Korean versions of Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT-K) according to At-risk drinking in a general male population. J Korean Acad Addict Psychiatry 2014; 18(2): 80-86.
  16. Jang OJ, Choi HK, Lee YR, Kim SH. Differences in sub-scores of the Korean version of the Alcohol Use Identification Test (AUDIT-K) and readiness to change questionnaire (RCQ) according to hazardous drinking and subjective perception of alcohol problem. J Korean Acad Addict Psychiatry 2017; 21(2): 68-74. https://doi.org/10.37122/kaap.2017.21.2.68
  17. Yoon S, Kim MS, Sohn CM. Comparison of dietary habits and learning flow according to alcohol drinking status among male university students in Jeonbuk province. Korean J Hum Ecol 2016; 25(3): 387-397. https://doi.org/10.5934/kjhe.2016.25.3.387
  18. Lee SH, Lee SL. Survey on drinking status of college students in Wonju area. Korean J Hum Ecol 2017; 26(5): 459-470. https://doi.org/10.5934/kjhe.2017.26.5.459
  19. Seo E. Factors affecting problematic drinking of male college students in the Gyeongnam area. Korean J Food Nutr 2017; 30(5): 867-879. https://doi.org/10.9799/ksfan.2017.30.5.867
  20. Ju YJ, Oh SS, Park SI, Lee HJ, Yoo MG, Park EC. College alcohol study for alcohol-related behaviors and problems. Health Policy Manag 2019; 29(1): 58-67. https://doi.org/10.4332/KJHPA.2019.29.1.58
  21. Kwak JH, Kim SJ, Sung SK, Im HW, Lee YH, Lee SB, et al. Analysis of differences in the value of the AUDIT-K according to the sociological variables the population of neuropsychiatry hospital visitor. J Korean Soc Radiol 2018; 12(1): 53-64. https://doi.org/10.7742/jksr.2018.12.1.53
  22. Choi SY. Relationship between job stress and drinking behavior and practice level of dietary guidelines in male workers - Focusing on industrial workers in Jeonju city [dissertation]. Iksan: Wonkwang University; 2011.
  23. Kim EJ, Lim JY. A correlational study of job stress, drinking and smoking of local government staffs. J East West Nurs Res 2010; 16(1): 61-69.
  24. Jung HR. Dietary behavior and nutrients intake of industrial workers in Jeonbuk area [dissertation]. Iksan: Wonkwang University; 2009.
  25. Yim JS, Heo YR, Jeong E, Lee JJ. Effect of working patterns on eating habits in manufacturing workers of Gwangju area. J Nutr Health 2016; 49(6): 495-505. https://doi.org/10.4163/jnh.2016.49.6.495
  26. Nam HW, Kim EK, Cho UH. Comparison of anthropometry, serum lipid levels and nutrient intakes of two groups based on their drinking, smoking, exercise, menopause and obesity status - in residents of Youngdong area. Korean J Community Nutr 2003; 8(5): 770-780.
  27. Kim AN, Lim HS. Effects of nutrition education on nutrition-related knowledge, dietary habits, and nutrients intakes of alcoholic patients. J Nutr Health 2014; 47(4): 277-286. https://doi.org/10.4163/jnh.2014.47.4.277
  28. Lee BO, Lee CH, Lee PG, Choi MJ, Namkoog K. Development of Korean version of Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT-K): its reliability and validity. J Korean Acad Addict Psychiatry 2000; 4(2): 83-92.
  29. Rho J, Chang E. A comparison of the preference and consumption status of non-alcohol and alcohol beverages of Korean and Chinese university students in the Jeonbuk area. Korean J Hum Ecol 2012; 21(4): 805-817. https://doi.org/10.5934/KJHE.2012.21.4.805
  30. Korean Society for the Study of Obesity. 2019 Obesity Fact Sheet [Internet]. Seoul: Korean Society for the Study of Obesity; 2019 [cited 2019 Aug 3]. Available from: http://www.kosso.or.kr.
  31. Choi NH, Ahn HS, Lee S. Comparison of health belief levels and health behavior practices according to lifestyle among adults residing in Seoul. Korean J Community Nutr 2011; 16(6): 683-696. https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2011.16.6.683
  32. The Korean Nutrition Society. CAN-Pro 5.0 (Web ver.) Professional [Internet]. Seoul: The Korean Nutrition Society; 2021 [cited 2021 Feb 10]. Available from: http://www.kns.or.kr.
  33. Lee EK. Factors related to problem drinking of male workers according to occupational classes. J Digit Converg 2015; 13(1): 375-382. https://doi.org/10.14400/JDC.2015.13.1.375
  34. Di Chiara G. Alcohol and dopamine. Alcohol Health Res World 1997; 21(2): 108-114.
  35. Choi TJ, Bae SY, Park YS, Shim SB, Lee YH, Jung YH, et al. A study on the relationship between AUDIT-K and smoking in Korean men: Data analysis from the 6th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (KNHANES). Korean J Fam Pract 2015; 5(3 Suppl 2): 291-296.
  36. Lee JH, Kim SH. Establishment of reference intake of water for Korean adults in 2015. J Nutr Health 2017; 50(2): 121-132. https://doi.org/10.4163/jnh.2017.50.2.121
  37. Ministry of Health and Welfare, The Korean Nutrition Society. 2020 Dietary reference intakes for Koreans: energy and macronutrients. Sejong: Ministry of Health and Welfare; 2020.
  38. Kim J, Lim S. A study to promote the export of Korean hang over drinks in Russia. J Converg Inf Technol 2020; 10(4): 35-45.
  39. Shin KO, Choi KS, Han KS, Choi MS. A study on the health status and food habits of male college students according to drinking. Korean J Food Nutr 2015; 28(1): 73-83. https://doi.org/10.9799/ksfan.2015.28.1.073
  40. Chun IA, Park J, Han MA, Choi SW, Ryu SY. The association between smoking, alcohol intake, and low-salt diet: results from the 2008 Community Health Survey. J Korean Diet Assoc 2013; 19(3): 223-235. https://doi.org/10.14373/JKDA.2013.19.3.223
  41. Han GS. Relationship between concentration of oral malodor and smoking, drinking, oral health behavior. J Dent Hyg Sci 2011; 11(3): 213-220.
  42. Yoon M, Lee H. The effect of residential satisfaction, social relationship, drinking on the depression among one-person households. J Humanit Soc Sci 21 2018; 9(4): 1665-1680.
  43. Chung KH, Shin KO, Choi KS, Yoo KW, Yoo JH. A study on dietary behaviors, and the health of male adults according to their exercising habits. Korean J Food Nutr 2013; 26(3): 329-338. https://doi.org/10.9799/ksfan.2013.26.3.329
  44. Kim HK, Chung J. Associations of the eating alone behavior with nutrient intake, obesity and metabolic syndrome in middle-aged adults based on the 2013 ~ 2017 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. J Nutr Health 2019; 52(5): 435-448. https://doi.org/10.4163/jnh.2019.52.5.435