Korean Journal of Environmental Biology (환경생물)

Korean Society of Environmental Biology (한국환경생물학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Study on the over-wintering stage of citrus leaf miner Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton(Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) in Jeju, Korea

제주도 노지재배 감귤원 내 귤굴나방 월동태 구명

  • Soon Hwa Kwon (Citrus Research Institute, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kihye Shin (Citrus Research Institute, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Young Eel Moon (Citrus Research Institute, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Doog-Soon Kim (Major of Plant Resources Science and Environment, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, SARI, Jeju National University)
  • 권순화 (국립원예특작과학원 감귤연구소) ;
  • 신기혜 (국립원예특작과학원 감귤연구소) ;
  • 문영일 (국립원예특작과학원 감귤연구소) ;
  • 김동순 (제주대학교 생명자원과학대학 식물환경전공, SARI)
  • Received : 2021.12.10
  • Accepted : 2021.12.14
  • Published : 2021.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Citrus leafminer (Phyllocnistis citrella) is an economically important pest in citrus orchards. This study was conducted to elucidate the over-wintering stage of P. citrella through experiments on the survival rate of P. citrella at low temperatures and field investigations during the winter season. There was a significant difference in the survival period depending upon the over-wintering stage of P. citrella at low temperatures, and the adults survived longer than the pupae. Evaluation of the survival period after inoculating citrus orchards with P. citrella adults and pupae showed that only the adults survived until mid-March of the following year, but all pupae died in January. This suggests that considering the fact that the germination of spring shoots in Jeju generally begins in mid-March, over-wintering adults are likely to form an early population the next year. However, pupae may not contribute to the formation of the initial population in the early season after wintering in fall shoots that are prone to freezing damage in winter because P. citrella could only survive in pupal chambers formed in fall shoots. Therefore, these results suggest that P. citrella adults that emerge in late autumn can over-winter in citrus orchards in Jeju, Korea.

귤굴나방은 제주도 감귤원에서 경제적으로 중요한 해충이지만, 상대적으로 월동생태와 관련된 연구는 부족하다. 본 연구에서는 귤굴나방이 월동과 관련하여 다음 해초기개체군 발생과 어떻게 연결되는지 발육단계별 저온 실내실험과 야외실험 및 노지 감귤원 포장조사를 통하여 구명하였다. 연구 결과, 동일한 저온 조건에서 귤굴나방의 발육단계에 따라 생존기간의 유의한 차이가 있었으며 성충이 번데기보다 더 오래 생존하는 것으로 나타났다. 귤굴나방 성충과 번데기를 야외 감귤원에 접종한 후 생존기간을 평가한 결과, 서귀포지역에서 성충은 다음 해 3월 24일까지 생존하였다. 이는 일반적으로 서귀포지역의 봄순 발아가 3월 중순에 시작된다는 사실을 고려했을 때 성충태로 월동한 귤굴나방이 다음 해 초기개체군을 형성할 가능성이 높다는 것을 의미한다. 반면에 번데기의 경우 제주시와 서귀포에서 1월을 넘기지 못하고 모두 사망하였다. 또한, 노지 감귤원 내 귤굴나방 발육단계별 밀도조사에서 다음 해 봄까지 노지 감귤원에서 생존한 번데기는 없었던 반면 성충은 모든 과원에서 지속적으로 발견되었다. 따라서 결과를 종합하여 판단해 볼 때, 제주도의 노지 감귤원에서 귤굴나방은 성충태로 월동하는 것으로 판단되며, 번데기의 경우 신초에 형성된 용방에서만 생존할 수 있다는 제약이 있기 때문에 겨울철 동해 피해를 받기 쉬운 신초에서 월동 후 다음 해 초기개체군 형성에 기여하는 것은 쉽지 않을 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This study was carried out with the partial support of National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science (NIHHS) and the Agenda Project (PJ01440103), RDA, Republic of Korea.

References

  1. Beres BL, HA Carcamo, DK Weaver, LM Dosdall, ML Evenden, BD Hill, RH McKenzie, RC Yang and DM Spaner. 2011. Integrating the building blocks of agronomy and biocontrol into an IPM strategy for wheat stem sawfly. Prairie Soil. Crop. 4:54-65.
  2. Cardwell G, KE Godfrey, DH Headrick, PA Mank and JE Pena. 2008. Citrus Leafminer and Citrus Peelminer. ANR Publication, University of California. Oakland, CA. pp. 1-12.
  3. Clausen CP. 1931. Two citrus leafminers of the far east. Washington: USDA, (USDA. Technical Bulletin, 252). Rev. Appl. Entomol. 19:649.
  4. Elekcioglu NZ and N Uygun. 2004. The effect of temperature on development and fecundity of Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton. Turk. Entomol. Derg. 28:83-93.
  5. Hamamura T. 1980. Studies on the overwintering of the citrus leaf miner, Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton (Lepidoptera: Lyonetiidae). Bull. Fruit Tree Res. Stn. E3:99-122.
  6. Hall DG, TR Gottwald and CH Bock. 2010. Exacerbation of citrus canker by citrus leafminer Phyllocnistis citrella in Florida. Fla. Entomol. 93:558-566. https://doi.org/10.1653/024.093.0413
  7. Hyun SY. 2018. Studies on the Population Dynamics of Phyllocnistis citrella (Lepidoptera: Gracillaridae) in Citrus Orchards: Environmental-friendly Control and Population Models. Jeju University. Jeju, Korea. p. 95.
  8. Kim KS, DH Kim, SC Lee and JW Hyun. 2002. Diagnostic and Control of Citrus Pests. National Jeju Agricultural Experiment Station, RDA. Moonhwasa, Seoul. p. 226.
  9. Lee SC, SS Kim and DI Kim. 1990. Ecological characteristics and control of Phyllocnistis citrella and Panonychus citri at the citron plantation. Res. Rept. RDA(Agri. Institutional Cooperation) 33:37-48.
  10. Lim UT and MA Hoy. 2006. Overwintering the citrus leafminer, Phyllocnistis citrella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae), without diapause in Florida. Fla. Entomol. 89:361-366. https://doi.org/10.1653/0015-4040(2006)89[361:OOTCLP]2.0.CO;2
  11. Masayoshi Y and Y Takeo. 1967. The hibernation of citrus leaf miner, Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton. Annu. Rep. Kansai Plant Protect. Soc. 9:35-41. https://doi.org/10.4165/kapps1958.9.0_35
  12. Pena JE, A Hunsberger and B Schaffer. 2000. Citrus leafminer (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) density: Effect on yield of 'Tahiti' lime. J. Econ. Entomol. 93:374-379. https://doi.org/10.1603/0022-0493-93.2.374
  13. Ujiye T. 2000. Biology and control of the citrus leafminer, Phyllocnistis citrella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) in Japan. Jpn. Agric. Res. Q. 34:167-173.
  14. Vercher R, A Farias, C Marzal, A Soto, A Tena and F Garcia-Mari. 2008. Factors influencing adult female oviposition in the citrus leafminer Phyllocnistis citrella. Agric. For. Entomol. 10:45-51. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-9563.2007.00352.x
  15. Wang L, Y Minsheng and W Qing. 1999. Damage of citrus leaf miner to citrus and its economic threshold. J. Appl. Ecol. 10:457-460. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-095X(199907/08)10:4<457::AID-ENV367>3.0.CO;2-8
  16. Yamamoto E. 1968. Studies on the biology and control of the citrus leaf miner, Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton. Kyushu Assoc. Plant Protect Proc. Proc. 14:7-50.