Earthquakes and Structures

  • 제20권6호
  • /
  • Pages.639-653
  • /
  • 2021
  • /
  • 2092-7614(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2092-7622(eISSN)
테크노프레스 (Techno-Press)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Transverse seismic vulnerability analysis of tunnels based on modified IDA method

  • Dong, Zhengfang (Institute of Geotechnical and Rail Transport Engineering, Henan University) ;
  • Kuo, Chenyang (Institute of Geotechnical and Rail Transport Engineering, Henan University) ;
  • Zhang, Chunshun (Department of Civil Engineering, Monash University Clayton Campus) ;
  • Guo, Qing (Institute of Geotechnical and Rail Transport Engineering, Henan University) ;
  • Zeng, Fankai (Institute of Geotechnical and Rail Transport Engineering, Henan University)
  • 투고 : 2020.06.11
  • 심사 : 2021.05.17
  • 발행 : 2021.06.25
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

Vulnerability analysis is a crucial method to study the seismic performance of tunnels. Two benchmark cross-sections of tunnels, namely circular and rectangular cross-sections, are selected as the research object to investigate the transverse seismic property of tunnels. A finite element model is established by SAP2000 software, and the influences of various site types, depths of burial of the tunnel, and cross-section sizes on the transverse seismic capacity of a tunnel are discussed. The probabilistic seismic demand model of ground motion intensity measures and the engineering demand parameters are determined by utilizing a modified incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) method, and the reasonable ground motion intensity measures are specified by analyzing four evaluation criteria. The failure probability of the structure under each earthquake intensity and the seismic vulnerability curve of the construction are calculated to evaluate the transverse seismic performance of the tunnel by combining the probabilistic seismic demand model with the limits on the engineering demand parameters. The numerical results indicate that PGA is the ground motion intensity measure suitable for the transverse seismic performance of the tunnels. The site type has the most significant influence on the structural damage, and site type IV is the most dangerous under an earthquake. The tunnel has better seismic resistance in the elastoplastic stage, and a tunnel with a large depth of burial is more hazardous than the one with a small depth of burial. A tunnel with a large cross-section has a higher probability of damage than the one with a small cross-section.

키워드

과제정보

This work is supported by National Key R & D Program of China (2018YFC1504306), Training Plan of Young Backbone Teachers in Colleges and Universities of Henan Province (2018GGJS018), and Key Technologies R & D Program of Henan Province (192102310279).

참고문헌

  1. ALA (2001), Seismic Fragility Formulations for Water Systems: Part 1-Guideline, American Society of Civil Engineers-FEMA, Washington, DC, U.S.A.
  2. American lifelines alliance (ALA) (2001), Seismic fragility formulations for water systems, Reston: ASCE-FEMA, Washington, DC, U.S.A.
  3. Argyroudis, S., Tsinidis, G., Gatti, F and Pitilakis, K. (2017), "Effects of SSI and lining corrosion on the seismic vulnerability of shallow circular tunnels", Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng., 98, 244-256. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2017.04.016.
  4. Argyroudis, S.A. and Pitilakis, K.D. (2012), "Seismic fragility curves of shallow tunnels in alluvial deposits", Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng., 35, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2011.11.004
  5. Arias, A. (1970), "A Measure of Earthquake Intensity", in Seismic Designfor Nuclear Power Plants, R. Hanson, ed., MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
  6. ATC-13 (1985), Earthquake Damage Evaluation Data for California, Applied Technology Council, Redwood City, U.S.A.
  7. Avanaki, M.J., Hoseini, A., Vandani, S., De Santos, C. and Albert, D.L.F. (2018), "Seismic fragility curves for vulnerability assessment of steel fiber reinforced concrete segmental tunnel linings", Tunn. Undergr. Space. Technol., 78(AUG.), 259-274. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2018.04.032
  8. Baker, J.W. and Cornell, C.A. (2008), "Vector-valued intensity measures for pulse-like near-fault ground motions", Eng. Struct., 30(04), 1048-1057. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2007.07.009
  9. Baker, J.W. and Cornell, C.A. (2010), "A vector-valued ground motion intensity measure consisting of spectral acceleration and epsilon", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 34(10), 1193-1217. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.474
  10. Beilic, D., Casotto, C., Nascimbene, R., Cicola, D. and Rodrigues, D. (2017), "Seismic fragility curves of single storey RC precast structures by comparing different Italian codes", Earthq. Struct., 12(3), 359-374. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2017.12.3.359.
  11. Bertero, V.V. (1977), "Strength and deformation capacities of buildings under extreme environments", Struct. Eng. Struct. Mech., 53(1), 95-102.
  12. Bingzhong, A. (2019), "Seismic performance analysis of a bridge-integrated structure based on IDA method", In IOP Conference Series: Earth. and Environmental Science, 218(1), 012098. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/218/1/012098.
  13. Cai, B.Z. (2018), "Study on seismic performance limitation of diameter deformation rate of shield tunnel", Henan University, Kaifeng, China
  14. Chen, J.Y., Li, J., Han, J.C. and Xu, Q. (2017), "Correlation between ground motionintensity indexes and seismic responses of frame structures", J. Vib. Shock, 36(03), 105-112+144. https://doi.org/10.13465/j.cnki.jvs.2017.03.017.
  15. Corigliano, M., Lai, C. and Barla, G. (2007), "Seismic vulnerability of rock tunnels using fragility curves", Int. Soc. Rock Mech., Lisbon, Portugal, July.
  16. Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) (2003), "HAZUS-MH MR4 Technical Manual", National Institute of Building Sciences and Federal Emergency Management Agency (NIBS and FEMA), 712.
  17. GB/T51336 (2018), Standard for Seismic Design of Underground Structures, China Architecture and Building Press, Beijing, China.
  18. GB50157 (2013), Code for Design of Metro, China Architecture and Building Press, Beijing, China.
  19. GB50909 (2014), Code for Seismic Design of Urban Rail Transit Structures, China Planning Press, Beijing, China.
  20. Giovenale, P., Cornell, C.A. and Esteva, L. (2010), "Comparing the adequacy of alternative ground motion intensity measures for the estimation of structural responses", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 33(8), 951-979. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.386.
  21. Hashash, Y.M.A., Hook, J.J., Schmidt, B. and Yao, J.I.C. (2001), "Seismic design and analysis of underground structures", Tunn. Undergr. Space Technol., 16(2), 247-293. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0886-7798(01)00051-7.
  22. HAZUS-MH, N.I.B.S. (2004), "Users's manual and technical manuals.report prepared for the federal emergency management agency", National institute of building sciences, Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA),Washington, D.C.
  23. He, H.X., Li, R.F. and Yan, W.M. (2017), "Bridge seismic fragility analysis method based on multiple fuzzye valuation", J. Vib. Eng., 30(02), 270-279. https://doi.org/10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2017.02.013.
  24. Huang, J., Zhao, X., Zhao, M., Du, X., Wang, Y., Zhang, C. and Zhang, C. (2020), "Effect of peak ground parameters on the nonlinear seismic response of long lined tunnels", Tunn. Undergr. Space Technol., 95, 103175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2019.103175.
  25. Huang, S.N., Yang, D.S., Song, B. and Lu, X.Z. (2014), "Seismic vulnerability analysis for long-span cable-stayed bridge", Eng. Mech., 31(S1), 86-90+98. https://doi.org/10.6052/j.issn.1000-4750.2013.04.S026.
  26. Huang, Z.K., Pitilakis, K., Tsinidis, G., Argyroudis, S. and Zhang, D.M. (2020), "Seismic vulnerability of circular tunnels in soft soil deposits: The case of Shanghai metropolitan system", Tunn. Undergr. Space Technol., 98, 103341. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2020.103341.
  27. Hwang, H. and Liu, J.B. (2004), "Seismic fragility analysis of reinforced concrete bridges", China Civil Eng. J., 37(06), 47-51. https://doi.org/47-51 10.15951/j.tmgcxb.2004.06.009.
  28. Jernigan, J.B. and Hwang, H. (2002), "Development of bridge fragility curves", 7th US National Conference on Earthquake Engineering, EERI: Boston, MA, 1-10.
  29. KOIZUMI Atsushi. (2012), Segment design of shield tunnel-from allowable stress design to limit state design, China Architecture & Building Press, Beijing, China.
  30. Li, X.H., Li, Y.X., Wu, D., Xu, X.L. and Li, Z.J. (2014), "Correlation between ground motion intensity and structural seismic response", J. Vib. Shock, 33(23), 184-189. https://doi.org/10.13465/j.cnki.jvs.2014.23.033.
  31. Liu, T., Chen, Z.Y., Yuan, Y. and Shao, X. (2016), "Fragility analysis of a subway station structure by incremental dynamic analysis", Adv. Struct. Eng., 20(7), 1111-1124. https://doi.org/10.1177/1369433216671319.
  32. Lu, S., Lu, X.Z. and Ye, L.P. (2012), "Discussion on the ground motion intensity measures for super high-rise buildings", J. Civil Eng., 45(S1), 292-296. https://doi.org/10.15951/j.tmgcxb.2012.s1.049.
  33. Luco, N. and Cornell, C.A. (2007), "Structure-Specific Scalar Intensity Measures for Near-Source and Ordinary Earthquake Ground Motions", Earthq. Spectra., 23(02), 357-392. https://doi.org/10.1193/1.2723158.
  34. Lv, X.L., Su, N.F. and Zhou, Y. (2012). "IDA-based seismic fragility analysis of a complex high-rise structure", Earthq. Eng. Eng. Vib., 32(05), 19-25. https://doi.org/10.13197/j.eeev.2012.05.017.
  35. Moayedifar, A., Nejati, H. R., Goshtasbi, K. and Khosrotash, M. (2019), "Seismic fragility and risk assessment of an unsupported tunnel using incremental dynamic analysis (IDA)", Earthq. Struct., 16(6), 705-714. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2019.16.6.705.
  36. Padgett, J.E. and Desroches, R. (2008), "Methodology for the development of analytical fragility curves for retrofitted bridges", Earthq. Eng. Eng. Dyn., 37(8), 1157-1174. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.801.
  37. Padgett, J.E., Nielson, B.G. and Desroches, R. (2008), "Selection of optimal intensity measures in probabilistic seismic demand models of highway bridge portfolios", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 37(05), 711-725. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.782.
  38. Pagni, C.A. and Lowes, L.N. (2006), "Fragility functions for older reinforced concrete beam-column joints", Earthq. Spectra, 22(1), 215-238. https://doi.org/10.1193/1.2163365.
  39. Pitilakis, K. and Tsinidis, G. (2014), "Performance and seismic design of underground structures", Geotech., Geologic. Earthq. Eng., 28, 279-340. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03182-8_11.
  40. Qiu, W.G., Huang, G., Zhou, H. and Xu, W. (2018), "Seismic vulnerability analysis of rock mountain tunnel", Int. J. Geomech., 18(3), 04018002.1-04018002.16. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GM.1943-5622.0001080.
  41. Shafieezadeh, A., Ramanathan, K., Padgett, J.E. and DesRoches, R. (2012), "Fractional order intensity measures for probabilistic seismic demand modeling applied to highway bridges", Earthq. Eng. Eng. Dyn., 41(3), 391-409. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.1135
  42. Sisi, A.A., Erberik, M.A. and Askan, A. (2018), "The effect of structural variability and local site conditions on building fragility functions", Earthq. Struct., 14(4), 285-295. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2018.14.4.285.
  43. Vamvatsikos, D. and Cornell, A. (2005), "Direct estimation of seismic demand and capacity of multidegree-of-freedom systems through incremental dynamic analysis of single degree of freedom approximation", ASCE. J. Struct. Eng., 131(4), 589-599. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2005)131:4(589).
  44. Vamvatsikos, D. and Cornell, C.A. (2002), "Incremental dynamic analysis", Earthq. Eng. Eng. Dyn., 31(3), 491-514. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.141.
  45. Wang, M.F., Wang, Z.H. and Liu, F.F. (2012), "Improved method for incremental dynamic analysis and its application", Earthq. Eng. Eng. Dyn., 32(01), 30-35. https://doi.org/10.13197/j.eeev.2012.01.015.
  46. Wu, W.M., Li, L.F., Wang, L.H. and Huang, J.M. (2012), "Evaluation of seismic vulnerability of high-pier long-span bridge using incremental dynamic analysis", Earthq. Eng. Eng. Vib., 32(3), 117-123. https://doi.org/10.13197/j.eeev.2012.03.009.
  47. Xie, L.L. and Zhai, C.H. (2003), "Study on the severest real ground motion for seismic design and analysis", Acta Seismologica Sinica, 25(03), 250-261. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11589-003-0030-9.
  48. Yang, C., Xu, T.F., Li, Y.M. and Yang, B. (2008), "Research on modified IDA method by inelastic response spectrum", Earthq. Eng. Eng. Dyn., 28(04), 64-69. https://doi.org/10.13197/j.eeev.2008.04.014.
  49. Yazdabad, M., Behnamfar, F, and Samani, A.K. (2018), "Seismic behavioral fragility curves of concrete cylindrical water tanks for sloshing, cracking, and wall bending", Earthq. Struct., 14(2), 95-102. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2018.14.2.095.
  50. Zhang, D.M., Huang, Z.K., Li, Z.L., Zong, X. and Zhang, D.M. (2019), "Analytical solution for the response of an existing tunnel to a new tunnel excavation underneath", Comput. Geotech., 108, 197-211. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2018.12.026.
  51. Zhang, G.X., Sun, B.T., Chen, X.Z. and Peilei, Y. (2018), "Seismic capacity classification of buildings and seismic disaster risk analysis in Beijing City", Earthq. Eng. Eng. Dyn., 38(03), 223-229. https://doi.org/10.13197/j.eeev.2018.03.223.zhanggx.026.
  52. Zhang, J. and Huo, Y. (2009), "Evaluating effectiveness and optimum design of isolation devices for highway bridges using the fragility function method", Eng. Struct., 31(8), 1648-1660. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2009.02.017
  53. Zhang, Z.L. (2018), "Seismic fragility analysis of an office building based on IDA", Struct. Eng., 34(03), 16-23. https://doi.org/10.15935/j.cnki.jggcs.2018.03.003.
  54. Zhong, Z.L., Shen, Y.Y., Hao, Y.R., Li, L.Y. and Du, X.L. (2019), "Seismic fragility analysis of two-story-three-span metro station structures based on IDA method", Chinese J. Geotech. Eng., 350(05), 125-133. https://doi.org/10.11779/CJGE202005014.
  55. Zhou, Z.G. and Ren, Y.Q. (2018), "Seismic fragility analysis of tunnels in soft soils", Struct. Eng., 2018, 34(S1), 122-129. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1005-0159.2018.z1.019

피인용 문헌

  1. Examination of Longitudinal Seismic Vulnerability of Shield Tunnels Utilizing Incremental Dynamic Analysis vol.9, 2021, https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2021.779879