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A Case Report of Pontine Infarction as an Initial Manifestation of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Diagnostic Clues from MRI and Digital Subtraction Angiography

전신성 홍반성 루푸스의 초기 증상으로 나타난 교뇌경색의 증례 보고: 자기공명영상 및 디지털감산 혈관조영술에서의 진단 단서

  • Mi Sun Chung (Department of Radiology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Jun Soo Byun (Department of Radiology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Younghee Yim (Department of Radiology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine)
  • 정미선 (중앙대학교 의과대학 중앙대학교병원 영상의학과) ;
  • 변준수 (중앙대학교 의과대학 중앙대학교병원 영상의학과) ;
  • 임영희 (중앙대학교 의과대학 중앙대학교병원 영상의학과)
  • Received : 2021.02.25
  • Accepted : 2021.06.15
  • Published : 2021.09.01

Abstract

Brainstem infarction due to vertebrobasilar insufficiency is a rare initial presentation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients and small-vessel dissection as the direct cause of infarction has not been reported. We report the case of a 20-year-old female with acute infarction on the right side of the pons due to a small artery (pontine perforator) dissection, identified on digital subtraction angiography and high-resolution vessel wall MRI (vwMRI). She was diagnosed with SLE based on the presence of neurologic disorders and relevant laboratory findings. The pontine perforator-dissecting aneurysm had occluded and the right distal vertebral artery had resolved on subsequent vwMRI. She had a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of 1 at discharge with mild symptom improvement, and exhibited no further aggravation of symptoms at 3 or 12 months, maintaining an mRS score of 1.

척추기저동맥의 혈류공급감소로 인한 뇌간 경색은 매우 드문 전신성 루푸스 환자의 초기 증상으로, 경색의 직접적인 원인으로 매우 작은 기저동맥 분지인 교뇌공급혈관의 박리성 동맥류는 보고된 사례가 없다. 이에 저자들은 디지털감산 혈관조영술과 고해상도 혈관벽 자기공명영상를 이용하여 작은 교뇌공급혈관의 박리성 동맥류의 진단과 추적관찰 중 치유된 20세 여성의 사례를 보고하고자 한다. 전신성 루푸스의 진단은 신경학적장애의 유무와 혈액화학검사 결과를 바탕으로 하였다. 추적 고해상도 혈관벽 자기공명영상에서 환자의 교뇌천공지의 박리성동맥류는 폐색되어 있었고 우측 척추동맥의 박리성동맥류는 치유되어 보이지 않았다. 환자는 퇴원 시 수정랭킨척도 점수가 1점으로 증상 개선을 보였으며 3개월과 12개월 추적관찰에서도 증상이 악화되지 않고 1점을 유지하였다.

Keywords

References

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