Advances in aircraft and spacecraft science

  • 제8권2호
  • /
  • Pages.151-167
  • /
  • 2021
  • /
  • 2287-528X(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2287-5271(eISSN)
테크노프레스 (Techno-Press)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Stall in ground effect using the unsteady vortex lattice method with Kirchhoff-based correction

  • Neves, Carlos A. (Department of Mechanical Engineering,Universidad Simon Bolivar) ;
  • Boschetti, Pedro J. (Department of Industrial Technology, Universidad Simon Bolivar, Camuri Valley)
  • 투고 : 2021.01.08
  • 심사 : 2021.03.24
  • 발행 : 2021.03.25
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

The goal of this research is to evaluate the stall behavior of a high aspect ratio rectangular wing in ground effect using an unsteady vortex-lattice method with a Kirchhoff-based correction (UVLM-K), including how the lift coefficient achieved in stall is affected by dynamic ground effect. A flow separation algorithm based on the Kirchhoff-Helmholtz theory and a flow separation model presented by Fischenberg are applied. The code was validated using experimental data from previously published works. The stall behavior of a rectangular wing of aspect ratio of 8.587 formed with a NACA 4415 airfoil section was studied in static and dynamic ground effect. To obtain the empirical data required by the UVLM-K, the NACA4415 airfoil was simulated at fixed height aboveground using a finite-volume code solver. The wing simulation results have shown that the lift coefficient achieved by the wing in stall for takeoff and flare maneuvers are lower than those estimated at a fixed height above the ground. It can be concluded, based on the results obtained herein, that the stall behavior of a wing in dynamic ground effect depends on the history of the maneuver.

키워드

과제정보

This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

참고문헌

  1. Blakelock, J.H. (1991), Automatic Control of Aircraft and Missiles, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, U.S.A.
  2. Boeing. (2019), "Statistical summary of commercial jet airplane accidents worldwide operations 1959-2018", Boeing Commercial Airplanes, Seattle, Washington, D.C., U.S.A.
  3. Boschetti, P., Cardenas, E., Amerio, A. and Arevalo, A. (2010), "Stability and performance of a light unmanned airplane in ground effect", Proceedings of the 48th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting Including the New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition, Orlando, Florida, U.S.A., January.
  4. Boschetti, P.J., Cardenas, E.M., Gonzalez, P.J. and Merkl, A. (2020), "Nonlinear aerodynamic model for wings in dynamic ground effect", J. Aircraft, 57(6), 1234-1241. https://doi.org/10.2514/1.C035853.
  5. Boschetti, P.J., Quijada, G. and Cardenas, E.M. (2016), "Dynamic ground effect on the aerodynamic coefficients of a wing using a panel method", Proceedings of the AIAA Atmospheric Flight Mechanics Conference, Washington, D.C., U.S.A., January.
  6. Boschetti, P.J., Quijada, G.M. and Cardenas, E.M. (2017), "Dynamic ground effect on the aerodynamic coefficients using a panel method", J. Aircraft, 54(2), 838-844. https://doi.org/10.2514/1.C034098.
  7. Chen, Y.S. and Schweikhard, W.G. (1985), "Dynamic ground effects on a two-dimensional flat plate", J. Aircraft, 22(7), 638-640. https://doi.org/10.2514/3.45179.
  8. Dias, J.N. (2016), "Nonlinear lifting-line algorithm for unsteady and post-stall conditions", Proceedings of the 34th AIAA Applied Aerodynamics Conference, Washington, D.C., U.S.A., January.
  9. dos Santos, C.R., and Marques, F.D. (2018), "Lift prediction including stall, using vortex lattice method with Kirchhoff-based correction", J. Aircraft, 55(2), 887-891. https://doi.org/10.2514/1.C034451.
  10. Fischenberg, D. (1995), "Identification of an unsteady aerodynamic stall model from flight test data", Proceedings of the 20th Atmospheric Flight Mechanics Conference, Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.A., August.
  11. Hao, D., Zhang, L., Yu, J. and Mao, D. (2019), "Modeling of unsteady aerodynamic characteristics at high angles of attack", Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part G J. Aerosp. Eng., 233(6), 2291-2301. https://doi.org/10.1177/0954410018776527.
  12. Katz, J. and Plotkin, A. (2001), Low-Speed Aerodynamics, Cambridge University Press, New York City, U.S.A.
  13. Lee, T., Majeed, A., Siddiqui, B. and Tremblay-Dionne, V. (2018), "Impact of ground proximity on the aerodynamic properties of an unsteady airfoil", Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part G J. Aerosp. Eng., 232(10), 1814-1830. https://doi.org/10.1177/0954410017703416
  14. Leishman, J.G., and Beddoes, T.S. (1989), "A semi-empirical model for dynamic stall", J. Amer. Helicopter Soc., 34(3), 3-17. https://doi.org/10.4050/JAHS.34.3.3
  15. Merkl, A., Boschetti, P.J. and Cardenas, E.M. (2019), "Dependence of the flight-path on the aerodynamic characteristics of rectangular wings due to dynamic ground effect", Proceedings of the AIAA Scitech 2019 Forum, San Diego, California, U.S.A., January.
  16. Murua, J., Palacios, R. and Graham, J.M.R. (2012), "Applications of the unsteady vortex-lattice method in aircraft aeroelasticity and flight dynamics", Prog. Aerosp. Sci., 55, 46-72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paerosci.2012.06.001.
  17. National Transportation Safety Board. (2012), "Crash during experimental test flight Gulfstream Aerospace Corporation GVI (G650) N652GD Roswell, New Mexico, April 2, 2011," Washington, D.C., U.S.A.
  18. Nuhait, A.O. (1995), "Unsteady ground effects on aerodynamic coefficients of finite wings with camber", J. Aircraft, 32(1), 186-192. https://doi.org/10.2514/3.46699.
  19. Nuhait, A.O. and Mook, D.T. (1989), "Numerical simulation of wings in steady and unsteady ground effects", J. Aircraft, 26(12), 1081-1089. https://doi.org/10.2514/3.45884.
  20. Paez Castro, L.I. (2019), "Simulacion del perfil aerodinamico NACA 4415 en vuelo libre y en efecto suelo", Engineering Final Project, Universidad Simon Bolivar, Caracas, Venezuela.
  21. Quijada, G., and Boschetti, P.J. (2015), "Linear computational fluid dynamic analysis of dynamic ground effect of a wing in sink and flare maneuvers", Proceedings of the AIAA Atmospheric Flight Mechanics Conference, Kissimmee, Florida, U.S.A., January.
  22. Rumsey, C.L. and Slotnick, J.P. (2015), "Overview and summary of the second AIAA high-lift prediction workshop", J. Aircraft, 52(4), 1006-1025. https://doi.org/10.2514/1.C032864.
  23. Rumsey, C.L., Slotnick, J.P. and Sclafani, A.J. (2019), "Overview and summary of the third AIAA high lift prediction workshop", J. Aircraft, 56(2), 621-644. https://doi.org/10.2514/1.C034940.
  24. Rumsey, C.L., Slotnick, J.P., Long, M., Stuever, R.A. and Wayman, T.R. (2011), "Summary of the first AIAA CFD high-lift prediction workshop", J. Aircraft, 48(6), 2068-2079. https://doi.org/10.2514/1.C031447.
  25. Sarpkaya, T. (1989), "Computational methods with vortices-The 1988 Freeman scholar lecture", J. Fluid. Eng., 111(1), 5-52. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.3243601.
  26. Staufenbiel, R.W. and Schlichting, U.J. (1988), "Stability of airplanes in ground effect", J. Aircraft, 25(4), 289-294. https://doi.org/10.2514/3.45562.
  27. Syms, G.F. (2002), "Low-order method for predicting aerodynamic performance degradation due to ground icing", J. Aircraft, 39(1), 59-64. https://doi.org/10.2514/2.2895.
  28. Traub, L.W. (2015), "Experimental and analytic investigation of ground effect", J. Aircraft, 52(1), 235-243. https://doi.org/10.2514/1.C032676.