DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Implementation of SHM system for Hangzhou East Railway Station using a wireless sensor network

  • Shen, Yanbin (College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University) ;
  • Fu, Wenwei (College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University) ;
  • Luo, Yaozhi (College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University) ;
  • Yun, Chung-Bang (College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University) ;
  • Liu, Dun (CITIC General Institute of Architectural Design and Research Co., Ltd) ;
  • Yang, Pengcheng (Country Garden Holdings Company Limited) ;
  • Yang, Guang (China Railway SIYUAN Survey & Design Group Co., Ltd) ;
  • Zhou, Guangen (Zhejiang Southeast Space Frame Company)
  • Received : 2019.08.07
  • Accepted : 2020.11.05
  • Published : 2021.01.25

Abstract

Structural health monitoring (SHM) is facilitated by new technologies that involve wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The main benefits of WSNs are that they are distributed, are inexpensive to install, and manage data effectively via remote control. In this paper, a wireless SHM system for the steel structure of Hangzhou East Railway Station in China is developed, since the state of the structural life cycle is highly complicated and the accompanying internal force redistribution is not known. The monitoring system uses multitype sensors, which include stress, acceleration, wind load, and temperature sensors, as the measurement components for the structural features, construction procedure, and on-site environment. The sensor nodes communicate with each other via a flexible tree-type network. The system that consists of 323 sensors is designed for the structure, and the data acquisition process will continue throughout its whole life cycle. First, a full-scale application of SHM using a WSN is described in details. Then, it focuses on engineering practice and data analysis. The current customized WSN has been demonstrated to have satisfactory durability and strong robustness; hence, it well satisfies the requirements for multitype sensors to operate in a large area. The data analysis results demonstrate that the effects of the construction process and the environment on the super-large-scale structure have been captured accurately. Those effects include the stress variation throughout the construction process, the dynamic responses that are caused by passing trains, the strain variation caused by temperature change over the long term, and the delay in the wind-pressure history.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

The work described in this paper was supported by the National Key R&D program of China (2017YFC0806100), National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51578491 and No. 51178415), Qianjiang Scholar Foundation of Zhejiang province (2013R10038) and the Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars, State Ministry of Education.

References

  1. Akyildiz, I.F., Su, W., Sankarasubramaniam, Y. and Cayirci, E. (2002), "Wireless sensor networks: a survey", Comput. Netorks, 38(4), 393-422. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1389-1286(01)00302-4
  2. Bennett, P.J., Soga, K., Wassell, I., Fidler, P., Abe, K., Kobayasni, Y. and Vanicek, M. (2010), "Wireless sensor networks for underground railway applications: case studies in Prague and London", Smart Struct. Syst., Int. J., 6(5-6), 619-639. https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2010.6.5_6.619
  3. Chae, M.J., Yoo, H.S., Kim, J.Y. and Cho, M.Y. (2012). "Development of a wireless sensor network system for suspension bridge health monitoring", Automat. Constr., 21, 237-252. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2011.06.008
  4. Cho, S., Jo, H., Jang, S., Park, J., Jung, H.J., Yun, C.B., Spencer Jr, B.F. and Seo, J.W. (2010), "Structural health monitoring of a cable-stayed bridge using wireless smart sensor technology: data analyses", Smart Struct. Syst., Int. J., 6(5-6), 461-480. https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2010.6.5_6.461
  5. De Battista, N. (2013), "Wireless Technology and Data Analytics for Structural Health Monitoring of Civil Infrastructure", Doctoral Dissertation; University of Sheffield, UK.
  6. Dong, X., Zhu, D., Wang, Y., Lynch, J.P. and Swartz, R.A. (2014), "Design and validation of acceleration measurement using the Martlet wireless sensing system", Proceedings of ASME 2014 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems, American Society of Mechanical Engineers Digital Collection.
  7. He, X.H., Shi, K. and Wu, T. (2018), "An integrated structural health monitoring system for the Xijiang high-speed railway arch bridge", Smart Struct. Syst., Int. J., 21(5), 611-621. https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2018.21.5.611
  8. Hou, T.C., Lynch, J.P. and Parra-Montesinos, G. (2005), "In Situ Wireless Monitoring of Fiber Reinforced Cementitious Composite Bridge Piers", Proceedings of the 23rd International Modal Analysis Conference, Orlando, FL, USA, January.
  9. Jang, S., Jo, H., Cho, S., Mechitov, K., Rice, J.A., Sim, S.H., Jung, H.J., Yun, C.B., Spencer Jr, B.F. and Agha, G. (2010), "Structural health monitoring of a cable-stayed bridge using smart sensor technology: deployment and evaluation", Smart Struct. Syst., Int. J., 6(5-6), 439-459. https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2010.6.5_6.439
  10. Jo, H., Sim, S.-H., Mechitov, K.A., Kim, R., Li, J., Moinzadeh, P., Spencer Jr., B.F., Park, J.W., Cho, S., Jung, H.-J., Yun, C.-B., Rice, J.A. and Nagayama, T. (2011), "Hybrid wireless smart sensor network for full-scale structural health monitoring of a cable-stayed bridge", In: Sensors and Smart Structures Technologies for Civil, Mechanical, and Aerospace Systems, International Society for Optics and Photonics, Vol. 7981, p. 798105.
  11. Kane, M., Zhu, D., Hirose, M., Dong, X., Winter, B., Hackell, M. and Swartz, A. (2014), "Development of an extensible dual-core wireless sensing node for cyber-physical systems", In: Sensors and Smart Structures Technologies for Civil, Mechanical, and Aerospace Systems 2014, 9061, International Society for Optics and Photonics, p. 90611U.
  12. Kim, S., Pakzad, S., Culler, D., Demmel, J., Fenves, G., Glaser, S. and Turon, M. (2007), "Health monitoring of civil infrastructures using wireless sensor networks", Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Information Processing in Sensor Networks, pp. 254-263.
  13. Lee, H.M., Kim, J.M., Sho, K. and Park, H.S. (2010), "A wireless vibrating wire sensor node for continuous structural health monitoring", Smart Mater. Struct., 19(5), 055004. https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/19/5/055004
  14. Luo, Y.Z., Yang, P.C., Shen, Y.B., Yu, F., Zhong, Z.N. and Hong, J. (2014), "Development of a dynamic sensing system for civil revolving structures and its field tests in a large revolving auditorium", Smart Struct. Syst., Int. J., 13(6), 993-1014. https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2014.13.6.993
  15. Lynch, J.P., Law, K.H., Kiremidjian, A.S., Kenny, T.W., Carryer, E. and Partridge, A. (2001), "The design of a wireless sensing unit for structural health monitoring", Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Structural Health Monitoring, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
  16. Maser, K., Egri, R., Lichtenstein, A. and Chase, S. (1996), "Development of a Wireless Global Bridge Evaluation and Monitoring System", In: Structural Materials Technology: An NDT Conference, CRC Press, p. 245.
  17. Meyer, J., Bischoff, R., Feltrin, G. and Motavalli, M. (2010), "Wireless sensor networks for long-term structural health monitoring", Smart Struct. Syst., Int. J., 6(3), 263-275. https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2010.6.3.263
  18. Ni, Y.Q., Xia, Y., Liao, W.Y. and Ko, J.M. (2009), "Technology innovation in developing the structural health monitoring system for Guangzhou New TV Tower", Struct. Control Health Monitor., 16(1), 73-98. https://doi.org/10.1002/stc.303
  19. Ni, Y.Q., Li, B., Lam, K.H., Zhu, D.P., Wang, Y., Lynch, J.P. and Law, K.H. (2011), "In-construction vibration monitoring of a supertall structure using a long-range wireless sensing system", Smart Struct. Syst., Int. J., 7(2), 83-102. https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2011.7.2.083
  20. Pakzad, S.N., Fenves, G.L., Kim, S. and Culler, D. (2008), "Design and implementation of scalable wireless sensor network for structural monitoring", J. Infrastruct. Syst., 14(1), 89-101. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1076-0342(2008)14:1(89)
  21. Park, J.H., Kim, J.T., Hong, D.S., Mascarenas, D. and Lynch, J.P. (2010), "Autonomous smart sensor nodes for global and local damage detection of prestressed concrete bridges based on accelerations and impedance measurements", Smart Struct. Syst., Int. J., 6(5-6), 711-730. https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2010.6.5_6.711
  22. Park, H., Lee, H., Choi, S. and Kim, Y. (2013), "A practical monitoring system for the structural safety of mega-trusses using wireless vibrating wire strain gauges", Sensors, 13(12), 17346-17361. https://doi.org/10.3390/s131217346
  23. Phanish, D., Garver, P. W., Matalkah, G., Landes, T., Shen, F., Dumond, J., Abler, R., Zhu, D., Dong X., Wang Y. and Coyle, E. J. (2015), "A wireless sensor network for monitoring the structural health of a football stadium", Proceedings of 2015 IEEE 2nd World Forum on Internet of Things (WF-IoT), pp. 471-477. https://doi.org/10.1109/WF-IoT.2015.7389100
  24. Qu, W., Teng, J., Xiang, H., Zhong, L., Liu, H., Wang, J. and Li, G. (2006), "Intelligent health monitoring for roof space truss structure of the Shenzhen Citizen Center under wind load", Jianzhu Jiegou Xuebao (Journal of Building Structures), 27(1), 1-8.
  25. Rice, J.A., Mechitov, K., Sim, S.H., Nagayama, T., Jang, S., Kim, R. and Fujino, Y. (2010), "Flexible smart sensor framework for autonomous structural health monitoring", Smart Struct. Syst., Int. J., 6(5-6), 423-438. https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2010.6.5_6.423
  26. Ruiz-Sandoval, M.E., Spencer Jr., B.F. and Kurata, N. (2003), "Development of a high-sensitivity accelerometer for the Mica platform", Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Structural Health Monitoring, Stanford, CA, USA.
  27. Spencer Jr, B.F. and Cho, S. (2011), "Wireless smart sensor technology for monitoring civil infrastructure: technological developments and full-scale applications", Proceedings of the World Congress on Advances in Structural Engineering and Mechanics (ASEM'11), Seoul, Korea, September, pp. 1-28.
  28. Stajano, F., Hoult, N.A., Wassell, I.J., Bennett, P.J., Middleton, C.R. and Soga, K. (2010), "Smart bridges, smart tunnels: Transforming wireless sensor networks from research prototypes into robust engineering infrastructure", Ad Hoc Networks, 8(8), 872-888. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adhoc.2010.04.002
  29. Straser, E.G. and Kiremidjian, A.S. (1996), "A modular visual approach to damage monitoring for civil structures", Proceedings of SPIE v2719, Smart Structures and Materials, Vol. 96, pp. 112-122.
  30. Straser, E.G., Kiremidjian, A.S. and Meng, T.H. (2001), "Modular wireless damage monitoring system for structures e.g. for earthquakes, has several modular, battery powered data acquisition devices which transmit structural information to central data collection", U.S. Patent; No. 6,292,108. Washington, DC, USA.
  31. Sun, X., Wand, Q., Zhu, M. and Wu, M.C. (2015), "Application of optical fiber Bragg grating strain gauge to cable force monitoring of FAST", Optics Precision Eng., 23(4), 919-925. https://doi.org/10.3788/OPE.20152304.0919
  32. Swartz, R.A., Lynch, J.P., Zerbst, S., Sweetman, B. and Rolfes, R. (2010), "Structural monitoring of wind turbines using wireless sensor networks", Smart Struct. Syst., Int. J., 6(3), 183-196. https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2010.6.3.183
  33. Teng, J., Zhu, Y.H., Lu, W. and Xiao, Y.Q. (2010), "The intelligent method and implementation of health monitoring system for large span structures", In: Earth and Space 2010: Engineering, Science, Construction, and Operations in Challenging Environments, pp. 2543-2552.
  34. Townsend, C.P. and Arms, S.W. (2005), "Wireless sensor networks: Principles and applications", In: (J. Wilson, ed.) Sensor Technology Handbook - Chapter 22. Elsevier, pp. 575-589.
  35. Ye, W., Heidemann, J. and Estrin, D. (2002), "An energy-efficient MAC protocol for wireless sensor networks", Proceedings of the 21st Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies, Vol. 3, pp. 1567-1576.
  36. Yi, T.H., Li, H.N. and Zhang, X.D. (2015), "Health monitoring sensor placement optimization for Canton Tower using immune monkey algorithm", Struct. Control Health Monitor., 22(1), 123-138. https://doi.org/10.1002/stc.1664
  37. Yi, Z., Kim, C.W., Tee, K.F., Garg, A. and Garg, A. (2018), "Long-term health monitoring for deteriorated bridge structures based on copula theory", Smart Struct. Syst., Int. J., 21(2), 171-185. https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2018.21.2.171
  38. Zhang, Z. and Luo, Y. (2017), "Restoring method for missing data of spatial structural stress monitoring based on correlation", Mech. Syst. Signal Process., 91, 266-277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2017.01.018
  39. Zonta, D., Wu, H., Pozzi, M., Zanon, P., Ceriotti, M., Mottola, L., Picco, G.P., Murphy, A.L., Guna, S. and Corra', M. (2010), "Wireless sensor networks for permanent health monitoring of historic buildings", Smart Struct. Syst., Int. J., 6(5-6), 595-618. https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2010.6.5_6.595
  40. Zou, Z., Nagayama, T. and Fujino, Y. (2014), "Efficient multihop communication for static wireless sensor networks in the application to civil infrastructure monitoring", Struct. Control Health Monitor., 21(4), 603-619. https://doi.org/10.1002/stc.1588