Wind and Structures

  • 제32권1호
  • /
  • Pages.55-69
  • /
  • 2021
  • /
  • 1226-6116(pISSN)
  • /
  • 1598-6225(eISSN)
테크노프레스 (Techno-Press)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Wind resistance performance of a continuous welding stainless steel roof under static ultimate wind loading with testing and simulation methods

  • Wang, Dayang (School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University) ;
  • Zhao, Zhendong (State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Power Safety Monitoring Technology and Equipment, China Nuclear Power Engineering Co. Ltd.) ;
  • Ou, Tong (Architectural Design and Research Institute of Guangdong Province) ;
  • Xin, Zhiyong (Zhuhai Envete Engineering Testing Co., LTD) ;
  • Wang, Mingming (School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University) ;
  • Zhang, Yongshan (School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University)
  • 투고 : 2020.08.11
  • 심사 : 2021.01.22
  • 발행 : 2021.01.25
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

Ultrapure ferritic stainless steel provides a new generation of long-span metal roof systems with continuous welding technology, which exhibits many unknown behaviors during wind excitation. This study focuses on the wind-resistant capacity of a new continuous welding stainless steel roof (CWSSR) system. Full-scale testing on the welding joints and the CWSSR system is performed under uniaxial tension and static ultimate wind uplift loadings, respectively. A finite element model is developed with mesh refinement optimization and is further validated with the testing results, which provides a reliable way of investigating the parameter effect on the wind-induced structural responses, namely, the width and thickness of the roof sheeting and welding height. Research results show that the CWSSR system has predominant wind-resistant performance and can bear an ultimate wind uplift loading of 10.4 kPa without observable failures. The welding joints achieve equivalent mechanical behaviors as those of base material is produced with the current of 65 A. Independent structural responses can be found for the roof sheeting of the CWSSR system, and the maximum displacement appears at the middle of the roof sheeting, while the maximum stress appears at the connection supports between the roof sheeting with a significant stress concentration effect. The responses of the CWSSR system are greatly influenced by the width and thickness of the roof sheeting but are less influenced by the welding height.

키워드

과제정보

This project is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51878191, 51778162), Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (2020A1515010994) and Guangzhou Yangcheng scholars project (202032866).

참고문헌

  1. Ansys release 14.0 (2011), "ANSYS-CFX: CFX Introduction, CFX Reference Guide, CFX Tutorials, CFX-Pre User's Guide, CFX-Solver Manager User's Guide, CFX-Solver Modeling Guide, CFX-Solver Theory Guide", Ansys Inc., U.S.A.
  2. ASTM E1592-05 (2017), Standard test method for structural performance of sheet metal roof and siding systems by uniform static air pressure difference, ASTM International.
  3. ASTM E1592-05 (2017), Standard test method for structural performance of sheet metal roof and siding systems by uniform static air pressure difference, ASTM International.
  4. Banks, D. and Meroney, R.N. (2001), "A model of roof-top surface pressures produced by conical vortices: model development", Wind Struct., 4(3). https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2001.4.3.227.
  5. Baskaran, A., Molleti, S. and Roodvoets, D. (2007), "Understanding low-sloped roofs under Hurricane Charley from field to practice", J. ASTM Int., 4(10), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1520/STP45373S.
  6. Boughton, G.N. and Falck, D.J. (2007), "Tropical Cyclone George Damage to Buildings in the Port Hedland Area", Technical Report 52, Cyclone Testing Station, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia.
  7. CSA-A123.21-14 (2015), Standard test method for the dynamic wind uplift resistance of membrane-roofing systems, Standards Council of Canada.
  8. Dabral, A. and Ewing, B.T. (2009), "Analysis of wind-induced economic losses resulting from roof damage to a metal building", J. Business Valuation Economic Loss Analy., 4(2), 10-20. https://doi.org/10.2202/1932-9156.1054.
  9. El Damatty, A.A., Rahman, M. and Ragheb, O. (2003), "Component testing and finite modeling of standing seam roofs", Thin-Walled Struct., 41, 1053-1072. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0263-8231(03)00048-X.
  10. Friedrich, D. and Luible, A. (2016), "Measuring the wind uplift capacity of plastics-based cladding using foil bag tests: A comparative study", J. Build. Eng., 8, 152-161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2016.10.009.
  11. GB/T 228.1-2010 (2010), "Metallic Materials-Tensile Testing (Part 1: Method of Test at Room Temperature)", Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China, Beijing.
  12. Habte, F., Mooneghi, M.A., Chowdhury A.G. and Irwin, P. (2015), "Full-scale testing to evaluate the performance of standing seam metal roofs under simulated wind loading", Eng. Struct., 105, 231-248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2015.10.006.
  13. Henderson, D., Williams, C., Gavanski, E. and Kopp, G.A. (2013), "Failure mechanisms of roof sheathing under fluctuating wind loads", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 114, 27-37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2013.01.002.
  14. Holmes, J.D. (2015), Wind loading of structures, CRC Press, Oakville, Canada.
  15. Holzapfel, G.A., Gasser, C.T., Sommer, G. and Regitnig, P. (2005), "Determination of the layer-specific mechanical properties of human coronary arteries with non-atherosclerotic intimal thickening, and related constitutive modelling", Amer. J. Physiol. Heart Circulatory Physiol., 289, H2048-H2058. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00934.2004.
  16. Huang, G., He, H., Mehta, K.C. and Liu, X. (2015), "Data-based probabilistic damage estimation for asphalt shingle roofing", J. Struct. Eng., 141(12), 04015065. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0001300.
  17. Ji, X.W., Huang, G.Q., Zhang, X.X. and Kopp, G.A. (2018), "Vulnerability analysis of steel roofing cladding: Influence of wind directionality", Eng, Struct., 156, 587-597. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.11.068.
  18. Ji, X.W., Huang, G.Q., Zhang, X.X. and Kopp, G.A. (2018), "Vulnerability analysis of steel roofing cladding: influence of wind directionality", Eng. Struct., 156, 587-597. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.11.068.
  19. Konthesingha, K.M.C., Stewart, M.G., Ryan, P. and Ginger, J., Henderson, D. (2015), "Reliability based vulnerability modelling of metal-clad industrial buildings to extreme wind loading for cyclonic regions", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 147, 176-185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2015.10.002.
  20. Li, Y. and Ellingwood, B.R. (2006), "Hurricane damage to residential construction in the us: Importance of uncertainty modeling in risk assessment", Eng. Struct., 28(7), 1009-1018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2005.11.005.
  21. Lovisa, A.C., Wang, V.Z., Henderson, D.J. and Ginger, J.D. (2013), "Development and validation of a numerical model for steel roof cladding subject to static uplift loads", Wind Struct., 17(5), 495-513. https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2013.17.5.495.
  22. Luo, N., Liao, H. and Li, M. (2017), "An efficient method for universal equivalent static wind loads on long-span roof structures", Wind Struct., 25(5), 493-506. https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2017.25.5.493.
  23. Mahaarachchi, D. and Mahendran, M. (2009), "Wind uplift strength of trapezoidal steel cladding with closely spaced ribs", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 97, 140-150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2009.03.002.
  24. Mahendran, M. (1995), "Wind-resistant low-rise buildings in the tropics", J. Perform. Construct. Facilities, 9(4), 330-346. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0887-3828(1995)9:4(330).
  25. Mahendran, M. (1997), "Review of current test methods for screwed connections", J. Struct. Eng., 123, 321-325. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1997)123:3(321).
  26. Mahendran, M. and Tang, R.B. (1998), "Pull-out strength of steel roof and wall cladding systems", J. Struct. Eng., 124(10), 1192-1201. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1998)124:10(1192).
  27. NIST (2006), "Performance of physical structures in Hurricane Katrina and Hurricane Rita: a reconnaissance report", Gaithersburg, MD, National Institute of Standards and Technology.
  28. Ou, T., Wang, D.Y., Xin, Z.Y., Tan, J., Wu, C.Q., Guo, Q.W. and Zhang, Y.S. (2020), "Full-scale tests on the mechanical behaviour of a continuously welded stainless steel roof under wind excitation", Thin-Walled Struct., 150, 106680. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2020.106680.
  29. Saatcioglu, M. and Humar, J. (2003), "Dynamic analysis of buildings for earthquake resistant design", Canadian J. Civil Eng., 30, 338-359. https://doi.org/10.1139/l02-108.
  30. Sivapathasundaram, M. and Mahendran, M. (2016), "Experimental studies of thin-walled steel roof battens subject to pull-through failures", Eng. Struct. 113, 388-406. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2015.12.016.
  31. Sivapathasundaram, M. and Mahendran, M. (2018), "New pullthrough capacity equations for the design of screw fastener connections in steel cladding systems", Thin-Walled Struct., 122, 439-451. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2017.08.019.
  32. Stathopoulos, T., Wang, K. and Wu, H. (2001), "Wind pressure provisions for gable roofs of intermediate roof slope", Wind Struct., 4(2), 119-130. https://doi.org/10.12989/WAS.2001.4.2.119.
  33. Uematsu, Y. and Yamada, M. (2002), "Wind-induced dynamic response and its load estimation for structural frames of circular flat roofs with long spans", Wind Struct., 5(1), 49-60. https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2002.5.1.049.
  34. Wang, D.Y., He, C.B., Wu, C.Q. and Zhang, Y.S. (2018), "Mechanical behaviors of tension and relaxation of tongue and soft palate: Experimental and analytical modeling", J. Theoretic. Biology, 459, 142-153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtbi.2018.10.001.
  35. Wang, D.Y., Tse, K.T., Zhou, Y. and Li, Q.X. (2015), "Structural performance and cost analysis of wind-induced vibration control schemes for a real super-tall building", Struct. Infrastruct. Eng., 11(8), 990-1011. https://doi.org/10.1080/15732479.2014.925941.
  36. Wang, D.Y., Wu, C.Q., Zhang, Y.S., Ding, Z.X. and Chen, W.R. (2019). "Elastic-plastic behavior of AP1000 nuclear island structure under mainshock-aftershock sequences", Annals Nuclear Energy, 123, 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anucene.2018.09.015.
  37. Wang, D.Y., Zhuang, C.L. and Zhang, Y.S. (2018), "Seismic responses characteristics of base-isolated AP1000 nuclear shield building subjected to beyond-design basis earthquake shaking", Nuclear Eng. Technol., 50(1), 170-181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.net.2017.10.005.
  38. Xu, Y.L. and Reardon, G.F. (1993), "Test of screw fastened profiled roofing sheets subject to simulated wind uplift", Eng. Struct., 15(6), 423-430. https://doi.org/10.1016/0141-0296(93)90060-H.
  39. Zhao, M. and Gu, M. (2011), "Database-assisted wind vulnerability assessment for metal buildings", Proceeding of 13th International Conference on Wind Engineering, Amsterdam, Netherlands.