DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Boundary conditions effect for buckling analysis of porous functionally graded nanobeam

  • Bouhadra, Abdelhakim (Materials and Hydrology Laboratory, University of Sidi Bel Abbes, Faculty of Technology, Civil Engineering Department) ;
  • Menasria, Abderrahmane (Materials and Hydrology Laboratory, University of Sidi Bel Abbes, Faculty of Technology, Civil Engineering Department) ;
  • Rachedi, Mohamed Ali (Materials and Hydrology Laboratory, University of Sidi Bel Abbes, Faculty of Technology, Civil Engineering Department)
  • Received : 2020.07.26
  • Accepted : 2020.11.09
  • Published : 2021.04.25

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the buckling behavior of 2D and quasi-3D problem of functionally graded nanobeam founded on high order shear deformation beams theory and made by two different types of porous distribution materials in Nano- and micro-scales. The used Quasi-3D formulation takes into account the transverse shear effect and uses only three variables. Both formulations do not include the correction factor that is required in the first shear deformation theory proposed by Timoshenko. Governing equations are derived using the principle of virtual work. Analytical resolutions for buckling of FG nanobeam are introduced under tow different boundary conditions, and the results obtained are compared to those proposed in literatures.

Keywords

References

  1. Abdulrazzaq, M.A., Fenjan, R.M., Ahmed, R.A. and Faleh, N.M. (2020), "Thermal buckling of nonlocal clamped exponentially graded plate according to a secant function based refined theory", Steel Compos. Struct., Int. J., 35(1), 147-157. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2020.35.1.147
  2. Addou, F.Y., Meradjah, M., Bousahla, A.A, Benachour, A., Bourada, F., Tounsi, A. and Mahmoud, S.R. (2019), "Influences of porosity on dynamic response of FG plates resting on Winkler/Pasternak/Kerr foundation using quasi 3D HSDT", Comput. Concrete, Int. J., 24(4), 347-367. https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2019.24.4.347
  3. Akbas, S.D. (2017), "Nonlinear static analysis of functionally graded porous beams under thermal effect", Coupl. Syst. Mech., Int. J., 6(4), 399-415. https://doi.org/10.12989/csm.2017.6.4.399
  4. Al-Furjan, M.S.H., Habibi, M., Ni, J., Jung, D.W. and Tounsi, A. (2020), "Frequency simulation of viscoelastic multi-phase reinforced fully symmetric systems", Eng. Comput. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00366-020-01200-x
  5. Al-Furjan, M.S.H., Habibi, M., Shan, L. and Tounsi, A. (2021), "On the vibrations of the imperfect sandwich higher-order disk with a lactic core using generalize differential quadrature method", Compos. Struct., 113150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2020.113150
  6. Al-Maliki, A.F.H., Ahmed, R.A., Moustafa, N.M. and Faleh, N.M. (2020), "Finite element based modeling and thermal dynamic analysis of functionally graded graphene reinforced beams", Adv. Computat. Des., Int. J., 5(2), 177-193. https://doi.org/10.12989/acd.2020.5.2.177
  7. Allam, O., Draiche, K., Bousahla, A.A., Bourada, F., Tounsi, A., Benrahou, K.H., Mahmoud, S.R., Adda Bedia, E.A. and Tounsi, A. (2020), "A generalized 4-unknown refined theory for bending and free vibration analysis of laminated composite and sandwich plates and shells", Comput. Concrete, Int. J., 26(2), 185-201. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/cac.2020.26.2.185
  8. Ansari, R., Shahabodini, A. and Shojaei, M.F. (2016), "Nonlocal three-dimensional theory of elasticity with application to free vibration of functionally graded nanoplates on elastic foundations", Physica E: Low-dimens. Syst. Nanostruct., 76, 70-81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physe.2015.09.042
  9. Aranda-Ruiz, J., Loya, J. and Fernandez-Saez, J. (2012), "Bending vibrations of rotating non-uniform nano cantilevers using the Eringen nonlocal elasticity theory", Compos. Struct., 94(9), 2990-3001. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2012.03.033
  10. Aria, A.I. and Friswell, M.I. (2019), "A nonlocal finite element model for buckling and vibration of functionally graded nanobeams", Compos. Part B: Eng., 166, 233-246. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2018.11.071
  11. Asghar, S., Khadimallah, M.A., Naeem, M.N., Ghamkhar, M., Khedher, K.M., Hussain, M., Bouzgarrou, S.M., Ali, Z., Iqbal, Z., Mahmoud, S.R. and Algarni, A. (2020), "Small scale computational vibration of double-walled CNTs: Estimation of nonlocal shell model", Adv. Concrete Constr., Int. J., 10(4), 345-355. https://doi.org/10.12989/acc.2020.10.4.345
  12. Avcar, M. (2019), "Free vibration of imperfect sigmoid and power law functionally graded beams", Steel Compos. Struct., Int. J., 30(6), 603-615. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2019.30.6.603
  13. Aydogdu, M. (2009), "A general nonlocal beam theory: its application to nano-beam bending, buckling and vibration", Physica E: Low-dimens. Syst. Nanostruct., 41(9), 1651-1655. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physe.2009.05.014
  14. Balubaid, M., Tounsi, A., Dakhel, B. and Mahmoud, S.R. (2019), "Free vibration investigation of FG nanoscale plate using nonlocal two variables integral refined plate theory", Comput. Concrete, Int. J., 24(6), 579-586. https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2019.24.6.579
  15. Barati, M.R. (2017), "Investigating dynamic response of porous inhomogeneous nano-beams on hybrid Kerr foundation under hygro-thermal loading", Appl. Phys. A, 123(5), 332. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-017-0908-3
  16. Batou, B., Nebab, M., Bennai, R., AitAtmane, H., Tounsi, A. and Bouremana, M. (2019), "Wave dispersion properties in imperfect sigmoid plates using various HSDTs", Steel Compos. Struct., Int. J., 33(5), 699-716. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2019.33.5.699
  17. Bellal, M., Hebali, H., Heireche, H., Bousahla, A.A., Tounsi, A., Bourada, F., Mahmoud, S.R., Adda Bedia, E.A. and Tounsi, A. (2020), "Buckling behavior of a single-layered graphene sheet resting on viscoelastic medium via nonlocal four-unknown integral model", Steel Compos. Struct., Int. J., 34(5), 643-655. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2020.34.5.643
  18. Bendenia, N., Zidour, M., Bousahla, A.A., Bourada, F., Tounsi, A., Benrahou, K.H., Adda Bedia, E.A., Mahmoud, S.R. and Tounsi, A. (2020), "Deflections, stresses and free vibration studies of FG-CNT reinforced sandwich plates resting on Pasternak elastic foundation", Comput. Concrete, Int. J., 26(3), 213-226. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/cac.2020.26.3.213
  19. Bensaid, I., Daikh, A.A. and Drai, A. (2020), "Size-dependent free vibration and buckling analysis of sigmoid and power law functionally graded sandwich nanobeams with microstructural defects", Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science, 234(18), 3667-3688. https://doi.org/10.1177/0954406220916481
  20. Berghouti, H., Adda Bedia, E.A., Benkhedda, A. and Tounsi, A. (2019), "Vibration analysis of nonlocal porous nanobeams made of functionally graded material", Adv. Nano Res., Int. J., 7(5), 351-364. https://doi.org/10.12989/anr.2019.7.5.351
  21. Bouhadra, A., Benyoucef, S., Tounsi, A., Bernard, F., Bachir Bouiadjra R. and Houari, M.S.A. (2015), "Thermal buckling response of functionally graded plates with clamped boundary conditions", J. Thermal Stresses, 38(6), 630-650. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01495739.2015.1015900
  22. Bourada, F., Bousahla, A.A., Bourada, M., Azzaz, A., Zinata, A. and Tounsi, A. (2019), "Dynamic investigation of porous functionally graded beam using a sinusoidal shear deformation theory", Wind Struct., Int. J., 28(1), 19-30. https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2019.28.1.019
  23. Bourada, F., Bousahla, A.A., Tounsi, A., Adda Bedia, E.A., Mahmoud, S.R., Benrahou, K.H. and Tounsi, A. (2020), "Stability and dynamic analyses of SW-CNT reinforced concrete beam resting on elastic-foundation", Comput. Concrete, Int. J., 25(6), 485-495. https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2020.25.6.485
  24. Bousahla, A.A., Bourada, F., Mahmoud, S.R., Tounsi, A., Algarni, A., Adda Bedia, E.A. and Tounsi, A. (2020a), "Buckling and dynamic behavior of the simply supported CNT-RC beams using an integral-first shear deformation theory", Comput. Concrete, Int. J., 25(2), 155-166. https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2020.25.2.155
  25. Boussoula, A., Boucham, B., Bourada, M., Bourada, F., Tounsi, A., Bousahla, A.A. and Tounsi, A. (2020b), "A simple nth-order shear deformation theory for thermomechanical bending analysis of different configurations of FG sandwich plates", Smart Struct. Syst., Int. J., 25(2), 197-218. https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2020.25.2.197
  26. Boutaleb, S., Benrahou, K.H., Bakora, A., Algarni, A., Bousahla, A.A., Tounsi, A., Mahmoud, S.R. and Tounsi, A. (2019), "Dynamic Analysis of nanosize FG rectangular plates based on simple nonlocal quasi 3D HSDT", Adv. Nano Res., Int. J., 7(3), 191-208. https://doi.org/10.12989/anr.2019.7.3.191
  27. Chen, D., Yang, J. and Kitipornchai, S. (2015), "Elastic buckling and static bending of shear deformable functionally graded porous beam", Compos. Struct., 133, 54-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2015.07.052
  28. Chen, D., Kitipornchai, S. and Yang, J. (2016), "Nonlinear free vibration of shear deformable sandwich beam with a functionally graded porous core", Thin-Wall. Struct., 107, 39-48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2016.05.025
  29. Chikr, S.C., Kaci, A., Bousahla, A.A., Bourada, F., Tounsi, A., Adda Bedia, E.A., Mahmoud, S.R., Benrahou, S.R. and Tounsi, A. (2020), "A novel four-unknown integral model for buckling response of FG sandwich plates resting on elastic foundations under various boundary conditions using Galerkin's approach", Geomech. Eng, Int. J., 21(5), 471-487. https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2020.21.5.471
  30. Cuong-Le, T., Nguyen, K.D., Nguyen-Trong, N., Khatir, S., Nguyen-Xuan, H. and Abdel-Wahab, M. (2020), "A three-dimensional solution for free vibration and buckling of annular plate, conical, cylinder and cylindrical shell of FG porous-cellular materials using IGA", Compos. Struct., 113216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2020.113216
  31. Daneshmehr, A., Rajabpoor, A. and Hadi, A. (2015), "Size dependent free vibration analysis of nanoplates made of functionally graded materials based on nonlocal elasticity theory with high order theories", Int. J. Eng. Sci., 95, 23-35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijengsci.2015.05.011
  32. De Sciarra, F.M. (2014), "Finite element modelling of nonlocal beams", Physica E: Low-dimens. Syst. Nanostruct., 59, 144-149. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/495095
  33. Ebrahimi, F., Jafari, A. and Selvamani, R. (2020), "Thermal buckling analysis of magneto-electro-elastic porous FG beam in thermal environment", Adv. Nano Res., Int. J., 8(1), 83-94. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/anr.2020.8.1.083
  34. Eringen. A.C. (1972), "Nonlocal polar elastic continua", Int. J. Eng. Sci., 10(1), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7225(72)90070-5
  35. Eringen. A.C. (1983), "On differential equations of nonlocal elasticity and solutions of screw dislocation and surface waves", J. Appl. Phys., 54(9), 4703-4710. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.332803
  36. Eringen. A.C. and Edelen, D.G.B. (1972), "On nonlocal elasticity", Int. J. Eng. Sci., 10(3), 233-248. https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7225(72)90039-0
  37. Fang, J., Zheng, S., Xiao, J. and Zhang, X. (2020), "Vibration and thermal buckling analysis of rotating nonlocal functionally graded nanobeams in thermal environment", 106, 106146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ast.2020.106146
  38. Fenjan, N.M., Moustafa, N.M. and Faleh, N.M. (2020), "Scale-dependent thermal vibration analysis of FG beams having porosities based on DQM", Adv. Nano Res., Int. J., 8(4), 283-292. https://doi.org/10.12989/anr.2020.8.4.283
  39. Formica, G., Lacarbonara, W. and Alessi, R. (2010), "Vibrations of carbon nanotubereinforced composites", J. Sound Vib., 329, 1875-1889. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2009.11.020
  40. Fouda, N., El-midany, T. and Sadoun, A.M. (2017), "Bending, buckling and vibration of a functionally graded porous beam using finite elements", J. Appl. Computat. Mech., 3(4), 274-282. https://doi.org/10.22055/JACM.2017.21924.1121
  41. Gafour, Y., Hamidi, A., Benahmed, A., Zidour, M. and Bensattalah, T. (2020), "Porosity-dependent free vibration analysis of FG nanobeam using non-local shear deformation and energy principle", Adv. Nano Res., Int. J., 8(1), 37-47. https://doi.org/10.12989/anr.2020.8.1.037
  42. Ghannadpour, S., Mohammadi, B. and Fazilati, J. (2013), "Bending, buckling and vibration problems of nonlocal Euler beams using Ritz method", Compos. Struct., 96, 584-589. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2012.08.024
  43. Hussain, M., Naeem, M.N., Tounsi, A. and Taj, M. (2019), "Nonlocal effect on the vibration of armchair and zigzag SWCNTs with bending rigidity", Adv. Nano Res., Int. J., 7(6), 431-442. https://doi.org/10.12989/anr.2019.7.6.431
  44. Jabbari, M., Mojahedin, A., Khorshidvand, A. and Eslami, M. (2014), "Buckling analysis of a functionally graded thin circular plate made of saturated porous materials", J. Eng. Mech., 140(2), 287-295. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)em.1943-7889.0000663
  45. Janghorban, M. and Zare, A. (2011), "Free vibration analysis of functionally graded carbon nanotubes with variable thickness by differential quadrature method", Physica E: Low-Dimens. Syst. Nanostruct., 43, 1602-1604. https://doi.10.1016/j.physe.2011.05.002
  46. Kaddari, M., Kaci, A., Bousahla, A.A., Tounsi, A., Bourada, F., Tounsi, A., Adda Bedia, E.A. and Al-Osta, M.A. (2020), "A study on the structural behaviour of functionally graded porous plates on elastic foundation using a new quasi-3D model: Bending and Free vibration analysis", Comput. Concrete, Int. J., 25(1), 37-57. https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2020.25.1.037
  47. Karami, B., Janghorban, M. and Tounsi, A. (2019a), "Galerkin's approach for buckling analysis of functionally graded anisotropic nanoplates/different boundary conditions", Eng. Comput., 35, 1297-1316. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00366-018-0664-9
  48. Karami, B., Janghorban, M. and Tounsi, A. (2019b), "On pre stressed functionally graded anisotropic nanoshell in magnetic field", J. Brazil. Soc. Mech. Sci. Eng., 41, 495. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40430-019-1996-0
  49. Ke, L.L., Yang, J. and Kitipornchai, S. (2012), "Dynamic stability of functionally graded carbon nanotube-reinforced composite beams", Mech. Adv. Mater. Struct., 20, 28-37. https://doi.org/10.1080/15376494.2011.581412
  50. Ke, L.-L., Liu, C. and Wang, Y.-S. (2015), "Free vibration of nonlocal piezoelectric nanoplates under various boundary conditions", Physica E: Low-dimens. Syst. Nanostruct., 66, 93-106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physe.2014.10.002
  51. Khadimallah, M.A., Hussain, M., Khedher, K.M., Naeem, M.N. and Tounsi, A. (2020), "Backward and forward rotating of FG ring support cylindrical shells", Steel Compos. Struct., Int. J., 37(2), 137-150. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/scs.2020.37.2.137
  52. Khiloun, M., Bousahla, A.A., Kaci, A., Bessaim, A., Tounsi, A. and Mahmoud, S.R. (2020), "Analytical modeling of bending and vibration of thick advanced composite plates using a fourvariable quasi 3D HSDT", Eng. Comput., 36(3), 807-821. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00366-019-00732-1
  53. Khosravi, F., Simyari, M., Hosseini, S.A. and Tounsi, A. (2020), "Size dependent axial free and forced vibration of carbon nanotube via different rod models", Adv. Nano Res., Int. J., 9(3), 157-172. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/anr.2020.9.3.157
  54. Lam, D., Yang, F., Chong, A., Wang, J. and Tong, P. (2003), "Experiments and theory in strain gradient elasticity", J. Mech. Phys. Solids, 51(8), 1477-1508. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5096(03)00053-X
  55. Lei, Z.X., Liew, K.M. and Yu, J.L. (2013), "Free vibration analysis of functionally graded carbon nanotube-reinforced composite plates using the element free kpRitz method in thermal environment", Compos. Struct., 106, 128-138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2013.06.003
  56. Li, L. and Hu, Y. (2017), "Post-buckling analysis of functionally graded nano-beams incorporating nonlocal stress and microstructure-dependent strain gradient effects", Int. J. Mech. Sci., 120, 159-170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2016.11.025
  57. Li, F., Li, J., Kou, H. and Zhou, L. (2016), "Anisotropic porous Ti6Al4V alloys fabricated by diffusion bonding: adaption of compressive behavior to cortical bone implant applications", J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 32(9), 937-943. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2016.08.007
  58. Liu, Y., Su, S., Huang, H. and Liang, Y. (2018), "Thermal-mechanical coupling buckling analysis of porous functionally graded sandwich beams based on physical neutral plane", Compos. Part B, 168, 236-242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2018.12.063
  59. Loya, J., Lopez-Puente, J., Zaera, R. and Fernandez-Saez, J. (2009), "Free transverse vibrations of cracked nano-beams using a nonlocal elasticity model", J. Appl. Phys., 105(4), 044309. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3068370
  60. Lu, P. (2007), "Dynamic analysis of axially prestressed micro/nano-beam structures based on nonlocal beam theory", J. Appl. Phys., 101(7), 073504. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2717140
  61. Lu, P., Lee. H.P., Lu, C. and Zhang, P.Q. (2006), "Dynamic properties of flexural beams using a nonlocal elasticity model", J. Appl. Phys., 99(7), 073510. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2189213
  62. Mahapatra, T.R., Kar, V.R., Panda, S.K. and Mehar, K. (2017), "Nonlinear thermoelastic frequency analysis of functionally graded CNT-reinforced single/doubly curved shallow shell panels by FEM", J. Thermal Stress., 40(7), 899-916. https://doi.org/10.1080/01495739.2017.1318689
  63. Matouk, H., Bousahla, A.A., Heireche, H., Bourada, F., Adda Bedia, E.A., Tounsi, A., Mahmoud, S.R., Tounsi, A. and Benrahou, K.H. (2020), "Investigation on hygro-thermal vibration of P-FG and symmetric S-FG nanobeam using integral Timoshenko beam theory", Adv. Nano Res., Int. J., 8(4), 293-305. https://doi.org/10.12989/anr.2020.8.4.293
  64. Mehar, K. and Panda, S.K. (2016), "Geometrical nonlinear free vibration analysis of FG-CNT reinforced composite flat panel under uniform thermal field", Compos. Struct., 143, 336-346. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2016.02.038
  65. Mehar, K. and Panda, S.K. (2017), "Numerical investigation of nonlinear thermomechanical deflection of functionally graded CNT reinforced doubly curved composite shell panel under different mechanical loads", Compos. Struct., 161, 287-298. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2016.10.135
  66. Mehar, K. and Panda, S.K. (2018), "Nonlinear finite element solutions of thermoelastic flexural strength and stress values of temperature dependent graded CNT-reinforced sandwich shallow shell structure", Struct. Eng. Mech., Int. J., 67(6), 565-578. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2018.67.6.565
  67. Mehar, K. and Panda, S.K. (2020), "Nonlinear deformation and stress responses of a graded carbon nanotube sandwich plate structure under thermoelastic loading", Acta Mechanica, 231(3), 1105-1123. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00707-019-02579-5
  68. Mehar, K., Panda, S.K., Dehengia, A. and Kar, V.K. (2016), "Vibration analysis of functionally graded carbon nanotube reinforced composite plate in thermal environment", J. Sandw. Struct. Mater., 18(2), 151-173. https://doi.org/10.1177/1099636215613324
  69. Mehar, K., Panda, S.K. and Mahapatra, T.R. (2017), "Thermoelastic nonlinear frequency analysis of CNT reinforced functionally graded sandwich structure", Eur. J. Mech.- A/Solids, 65, 384-396. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.EUROMECHSOL.2017.05.005
  70. Mehar, K., Panda, S.K. and Patle, B.K. (2018a), "Stress, deflection, and frequency analysis of CNT reinforced graded sandwich plate under uniform and linear thermal environment: A finite element approach", Polym. Compos., 39(10), 3792-3809. https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.24409
  71. Mehar, K., Panda, S.K. and Mahapatra, T.R. (2018b), "Nonlinear frequency responses of functionally graded carbon nanotube-reinforced sandwich curved panel under uniform temperature field", Int. J. Appl. Mech., 10(3), 1850028. https://doi.org/10.1142/S175882511850028X
  72. Mehar, K., Panda, S.K., Devarajan, Y. and Choubey, G. (2019), "Numerical buckling analysis of graded CNT-reinforced composite sandwich shell structure under thermal loading", Compos. Struct., 216, 406-414. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2019.03.002
  73. Mehar, K., Mishra, P.K. and Panda, S.K. (2020), "Numerical investigation of thermal frequency responses of graded hybrid smart nanocomposite (CNT-SMA-Epoxy) structure", Mech. Adv. Mater. Struct., 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1080/15376494.2020.1725193
  74. Menasria, A., Kaci, A., Bousahla, A.A., Bourada, F., Tounsi, A., Benrahou, K.H., Tounsi, A., Adda Bedia, E.A. and Mahmoud, S.R. (2020), "A four-unknown refined plate theory for dynamic analysis of FG-sandwich plates under various boundary conditions", Steel Compos. Struct., Int. J., 36(3), 355-367. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/scs.2020.36.3.355
  75. Medani, M., Benahmed, A., Zidour, M., Heireche, H., Tounsi, A., Bousahla, A.A., Tounsi, A. and Mahmoud, S.R. (2019), "Static and dynamic behavior of (FG-CNT) reinforced porous sandwich plate using energy principle", Steel Compos. Struct., Int. J., 32(5), 595-610. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2019.32.5.595
  76. Miandoab, E.M., Pishkenari, H.N., Yousefi-Koma, A. and Hoorzad, H. (2014), "Polysilicon nano-beam model based on modified couple stress and Eringen's nonlocal elasticity theories", Physica E: Low-dimens. Syst. Nanostruct., 63, 223-228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physe.2014.05.025
  77. Mohammadi, H., Mahzoon, M., Mohammadi, M. and Mohammadi, M. (2014), "Postbuckling instability of nonlinear nano-beam with geometric imperfection embedded in elastic foundation", Nonlinear Dyn., 4(76), 2005-2016. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11071-014-1264-x
  78. Mojahedin, A., Jabbari, M., Khorshidvand, A.R. and Eslami, M.R. (2016), "Buckling analysis of functionally graded circular plates made of saturated porous materials based on higher order shear deformation theory", Thin-Wall. Struct, 99, 83-90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2015.11.008
  79. Murmu, T. and Pradhan, S.C. (2009), "Buckling analysis of a single-walled carbon nanotube embedded in an elastic medium based on nonlocal elasticity and Timoshenko beam theory and using DQM", Physica E: Low-Dimens. Syst. Nanostruct., 41, 1232-1239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physe.2009.02.004
  80. Nateghi, A., Salamat-talab, M., Rezapour, J. and Daneshian, B. (2012), "Size dependent buckling analysis of functionally graded micro beams based on modified couple stress theory", Appl. Mathe. Modell., 36(10), 4971-4987. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apm.2011.12.035
  81. Nejad, M.Z., Hadi, A. and Rastgoo, A. (2016), "Buckling analysis of arbitrary two-directional functionally graded Euler-Bernoulli nano-beams based on nonlocal elasticity theory", Int. J. Eng. Sci., 103, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijengsci.2016.03.001
  82. Peddieson, J., Buchanan, G.R. and McNitt, R.P. (2003), "Application of nonlocal continuum models to nanotechnology" Int. J. Eng. Sci., 41(3-5), 305-312. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0020-7225(02)00210-0
  83. Pradhan, S. and Phadikar, J. (2009), "Bending, buckling and vibration analyses of nonhomogeneous nanotubes using GDQ and nonlocal elasticity theory", Struct. Eng. Mech., Int. J., 33(2), 193-213. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2009.33.02.193
  84. Rabhi, M., Benrahou, K.H., Kaci, A., Houari, M.S.A., Bourada, F., Bousahla, A.A., Tounsi, A., Adda Bedia, E.A., Mahmoud, S.R. and Tounsi, A. (2020), "A new innovative 3-unknowns HSDT for buckling and free vibration of exponentially graded sandwich plates resting on elastic foundations under various boundary conditions", Geomech. Eng., Int. J., 22(2), 119-132. https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2020.22.2.119
  85. Rahmani, M.C., Kaci, A., Bousahla, A.A., Bourada, F., Tounsi, A., Adda Bedia, E.A., Mahmoud, S.R., Benrahou, K.H. and Tounsi, A. (2020), "Influence of boundary conditions on the bending and free vibration behavior of FGM sandwich plates using a four-unknown refined integral plate theory", Comput. Concrete, Int. J., 25(3), 225-244. https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2020.25.3.225
  86. Ramteke, P.M., Panda, S.K. and Sharma, N. (2019), "Effect of grading pattern and porosity on the eigen characteristics of porous functionally graded structure", Steel Compos. Struct., Int. J., 33(6), 865-874. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/scs.2019.33.6.865
  87. Ramteke, P.M., Panda, S.K. and Sharma, N. (2020a), "Effect of grading pattern and porosity on the eigen characteristics of porous functionally graded structure", Steel Compos. Struct., Int. J., 33(6), 865-875. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2019.33.6.865
  88. Ramteke, P.M., Mehar, K., Sharma, N. and Panda, S.K. (2020b), "Numerical prediction of deflection and stress responses of functionally graded structure for grading patterns (power-law, sigmoid and exponential) and variable porosity (even/uneven)", Scientia Iranica. https://doi.org/10.24200/SCI.2020.55581.4290
  89. Ramteke, P.M., Mahapatra, P.B., Panda, S.K. and Sharma, N. (2020c), "Static deflection simulation study of 2D Functionally graded porous structure", Materials Today: Proceedings, 33, 5544-5547. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.03.537
  90. Reddy, J.N. (2007), "Nonlocal theories for bending, buckling and vibration of beams", Int. J. Eng. Sci., 45(2-8), 288-307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijengsci.2007.04.004
  91. Reddy, J. and El-Borgi, S. (2014), "Eringen's nonlocal theories of beams accounting for moderate rotations", Int. J. Eng. Sci., 82, 159-177. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijengsci.2014.05.006
  92. Refrafi, S., Bousahla, A.A., Bouhadra, A., Menasria, A., Bourada, F., Tounsi, A., Adda Bedia, E.A., Mahmoud, S.R., Benrahou, K.H. and Tounsi, A. (2020), "Effects of hygro-thermomechanical conditions on the buckling of FG sandwich plates resting on elastic foundations", Comput. Concrete, Int. J., 25(4), 311-325. https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2020.25.4.311
  93. Rokni, H., Milani, A.S. and Seethaler, R.J. (2015), "Size-dependent vibration behavior of functionally graded CNT-Reinforced polymer microcantilevers: Modeling and optimization", Eur. J. Mech. A/Solids, 49, 26-34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euromechsol.2014.06.004
  94. Saeid, S. and Babak S. (2020), "Influence of homogenization models on size-dependent nonlinear bending and postbuckling of bi-directional functionally graded micro/nano-beams", Appl. Mathe. Modell., 82, 336-358. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apm.2020.01.051
  95. Sahmani, S. and Safaei, B. (2020), "Influence of homogenization models on size-dependent nonlinear bending and postbuckling of bi-directional functionally graded micro/nano-beams", Appl. Mathe. Modell., 82, 336-358. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apm.2020.01.051
  96. Semmah, A., Heireche, H., Bousahla, A.A. and Tounsi, A. (2019), "Thermal buckling analysis of SWBNNT on Winklerfoundation by non local FSDT", Adv. Nano Res., Int. J., 7(2), 89-98. https://doi.org/10.12989/anr.2019.7.2.089
  97. Shafiei, N. and Kazemi, M. (2017), "Buckling analysis on the bidimensional functionally graded porous tapered nano-/microscale beams", Aerosp. Sci. Technol., 66, 1-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ast.2017.02.019
  98. Sudak, L.J. (2003), "Column buckling of multiwalled carbon nanotubes using nonlocal continuum mechanics", J. Appl. Phys., 94(11), 7281-7287. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1625437
  99. Taj, M., Khadimallah, M.A., Hussain, M., Khedher, K.M., Shamim, R.A., Ahmad, M. and Tounsi, A. (2020), "Analysis of nonlocal Kelvin's model for embedded microtubules: Via viscoelastic medium", Smart Struct. Syst., Int. J., 26(6), 809-817. https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2020.26.6.809
  100. Thanh, C.L., Nguyen, T.N., Vu, T.H., Khatir, S. and Abdel Wahab, M. (2020), "A geometrically nonlinear size-dependent hypothesis for porous functionally graded micro-plate", Eng. Comput. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00366-020-01154-0
  101. Thongyothee, C. and Chucheepsakul, S. (2015), "Postbuckling of unknown-length nano-beam considering the effects of nonlocal elasticity and surface stress", Int. J. Appl. Mech., 7(3), 1550042. https://doi.org/10.1142/S1758825115500428
  102. Tounsi, A., Al-Dulaijan, S.U., Al-Osta, M.A., Chikh, A., AlZahrani, M.M., Sharif, A. and Tounsi, A. (2020), "A four variable trigonometric integral plate theory for hygro-thermomechanical bending analysis of AFG ceramic-metal plates resting on a two-parameter elastic foundation", Steel Compos. Struct., Int. J., 34(4), 511-524. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2020.34.4.511
  103. Wang, Q. (2005), "Wave propagation in carbon nanotubes via nonlocal continuum mechanics", J. Appl. Phys., 98(12), 124301. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2141648
  104. Wang, L.F. and Hu, H.Y. (2005), "Flexural wave propagation in single-walled carbon nanotube", Phys. Rev. B, 71(19), 195412. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.71.195412
  105. Wang, Q. and Varadan, V.K. (2006), "Vibration of carbon nanotubes studied using nonlocal continuum mechanics", Smart Mater. Struct., 15(2), 659-666. https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/15/2/050
  106. Wang, C., Zhang, Y., Ramesh, S.S. and Kitipornchai, S. (2006), "Buckling analysis of micro-and nano-rods/tubes based on nonlocal Timoshenko beam theory", J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys., 39(17), 3904. https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/39/17/029
  107. Wattanasakulpong, N. and Chaikittiratana, A. (2015), "Flexural vibration of imperfect functionally graded beams based on Timoshenko beam theory: Chebyshev collocation method", Meccanica, 50(5), 1331-1342. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11012-014-0094-8
  108. Yang, J., Ke, L. and Kitipornchai, S. (2010), "Nonlinear free vibration of single-walled carbon nanotubes using nonlocal Timoshenko beam theory", Physica E: Low-dimens. Syst. Nanostruct., 42(5), 1727-1735. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physe.2010.01.035
  109. Yang, W., Mao, S., Yang, J., Shang, T., Song, H., Mabon, J., Swiech, W., Vance, J.R., Yue, Z., Dillon, S.J. and Xu, H. (2016), "Large-deformation and high-strength amorphous porous carbon nanospheres", Scientific reports, 6(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep24187
  110. Zadpoor, A.A. and Hedayati, R. (2016), "Analytical relationships for prediction of the mechanical properties of additively manufactured porous biomaterials", J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part A, 104(12), 3164-3174. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.a.35855
  111. Zhang, Y.Q., Liu, G.R. and Xie, X.Y. (2005), "Free transverse vibrations of double-walled carbon nanotubes using a theory of nonlocal elasticity", Phys. Rev. B, 71(19), 195404. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev
  112. Zine, A., Bousahla, A.A., Bourada, F., Benrahou, K.H., Tounsi, A., Adda Bedia, E.A., Mahmoud, S.R. and Tounsi, A. (2020), "Bending analysis of functionally graded porous plates via a refined shear deformationtheory", Comput. Concrete, Int. J., 26(1), 63-74. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/cac.2020.26.1.063