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Allomyrina dichotoma larva extract attenuates free fatty acid-induced lipotoxicity in pancreatic beta cells

  • Kim, Kyong (Department of Food Nutrition, College of Bio Convergence, Eulji University) ;
  • Kwak, Min-Kyu (Department of Food Nutrition, College of Bio Convergence, Eulji University) ;
  • Bae, Gong-Deuk (Institute of Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes, Department of Molecular Medicine, Gachon University) ;
  • Park, Eun-Young (College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University) ;
  • Baek, Dong-Jae (College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University) ;
  • Kim, Chul-Young (College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University) ;
  • Jang, Se-Eun (Department of Food Nutrition, College of Bio Convergence, Eulji University) ;
  • Jun, Hee-Sook (College of Pharmacy and Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Gachon University) ;
  • Oh, Yoon Sin (Department of Food Nutrition, College of Bio Convergence, Eulji University)
  • Received : 2020.07.27
  • Accepted : 2020.12.09
  • Published : 2021.06.01

Abstract

BACKGROUD/OBJECTIVES: Allomyrina dichotoma larva (ADL), one of the many edible insects recognized as future food resources, has a range of pharmacological activities. In a previous study, an ADL extract (ADLE) reduced the hepatic insulin resistance of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced diabetic mice. On the other hand, the associated molecular mechanisms underlying pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction remain unclear. This study examined the effects of ADLE on palmitate-induced lipotoxicity in a beta cell line of a rat origin, INS-1 cells. MATERIALS/METHODS: ADLE was administered to high-fat diet treated mice. The expression of apoptosis-related molecules was measured by Western blotting, and reactive oxidative stress generation and nitric oxide production were measured by DCH-DA fluorescence and a Griess assay, respectively. RESULTS: The administration of ADLE to HFD-induced diabetic mice reduced the hyperplasia, 4-hydroxynonenal levels, and the number of apoptotic cells while improving the insulin levels compared to the HFD group. Treatment of INS-1 cells with palmitate reduced insulin secretion, which was attenuated by the ADLE treatment. Furthermore, the ADLE treatment prevented palmitate-induced cell death in INS-1 cells and isolated islets by reducing the apoptotic signaling molecules, including cleaved caspase-3 and PARP, and the Bax/Bcl2 ratio. ADLE also reduced the levels of reactive oxygen species generation, lipid accumulation, and nitrite production in palmitate-treated INS-1 cells while increasing the ATP levels. This effect corresponded to the decreased expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA and protein. CONCLUSIONS: ADLE helps prevent lipotoxic beta-cell death in INS-1 cells and HFD-diabetic mice, suggesting that ADLE can be used to prevent or treat beta-cell damage in glucose intolerance during the development of diabetes.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This study was supported by the Basic Science Research Program grant (NRF-2018R1C1B6000998) provided by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT.

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