Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety (한국식품위생안전성학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Hygiene and Safety (한국식품위생안전성학회)
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Detection of Adulterated Natural Sweeteners by Carbon Isotopic Ratio Analysis

천연 당류에서 탄소동위원소비율 분석을 통한 C4슈가 혼입 여부 모니터링

  • Choi, Hee-jin (Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment) ;
  • Lee, Jae-kyoo (Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment) ;
  • Kim, Ae-kyung (Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment) ;
  • Jung, Bo-kyeng (Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment) ;
  • Yi, Yun-jeong (Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment) ;
  • Lee, Kyung-ah (Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment) ;
  • Lee, Yong-cheol (Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment) ;
  • Shin, Gi-young (Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment)
  • 최희진 (서울특별시보건환경연구원) ;
  • 이재규 (서울특별시보건환경연구원) ;
  • 김애경 (서울특별시보건환경연구원) ;
  • 정보경 (서울특별시보건환경연구원) ;
  • 이윤정 (서울특별시보건환경연구원) ;
  • 이경아 (서울특별시보건환경연구원) ;
  • 이용철 (서울특별시보건환경연구원) ;
  • 신기영 (서울특별시보건환경연구원)
  • Received : 2021.01.26
  • Accepted : 2021.02.25
  • Published : 2021.04.30
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Abstract

Analyses of stable carbon isotope, major sugar composition and artificial sweeteners of 124 sugar products were conducted to evaluate authenticity. Based on the measured δC values, 3 of the 23 circulated honey samples were considered adulterated with C4 sugar. None of the 23 local honey products of Seoul was adulterated; δC was from -26.09 to -22.99‰. In addition, the range for sugar-fed honeys was from -14.58 to -11.52 at the C4 origin (n=11). In the case of coconut sugar, the range of δC was from -25.72 to -15.87‰ and 3 samples were considered adulterated with C4 sugar. Of 12 maple syrups just one was adulterated. Agave syrup, a CAM plant sugar showed C4 origin with values, from -11.42 to -10.92‰ (n=12); values of cane sugar ranged from -12.60 to -11.40‰ (n=10) and values for corn taffy syrup ranged from -11.70 to -10.93‰ (n=5). Based on measured fructose/glucose ratios, some agave syrups were considered authentic at 3.2-49.7 (17.3±13.7), and none of the samples contained artificial sweeteners.

유통 당류(n=124)에서 C4슈가 혼입여부를 확인하기 위하여 탄소동위원소비율(δC), 당조성, 인공감미료를 분석하였다. 탄소동위원소비율 분석 결과, 유통벌꿀(n=23) 중 3건(13.6%)에서 C4슈가가 혼입된 것으로 판정되었고 도시영농으로 제조된 벌꿀(n=23)은 모두 식품공전의 기준에 적합하였다(-26.09- -22.99‰). 사양벌꿀(n=11)의 탄소동위원소비율 범위는 -14.58에서 -11.52‰로 C4당의 특성을 보였다. 코코넛슈가(n=20)의 δC값은 -25.72에서 15.87‰로 3건에서 C4당류가 혼입된 것으로 판단되었다. 단백질침전법으로 C4당의 함량을 확인한 결과, 모든 코코넛슈가에서 C4당이 최저 9.5%에서 최고 63.4% 검출되었다. 메이플시럽(n=12) 중 1건이 AOAC의 메이플 시럽 기준에 부합되지 않았다. CAM 당류인 아가베시럽(n=12)은 -11.42에서 -10.92‰ 범위로 C4당류와 범위가 겹쳐서 추가 연구가 필요하다. C4당인 사탕수수당(n=10)의 탄소동위원소비율은 -12.60에서 -11.40‰이었고, 옥수수물엿(n=5)은 -11.70에서 -10.93‰이었다. Fructose/glucose 비율 측정 결과, 일부 아가베시럽에서 혼입이 의심되었다(3.2-49.7). 모든 시료에서 인공감미료는 검출되지 않았다.

Keywords

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