Economic and Environmental Geology (자원환경지질)

The Korean Society of Economic and Environmental Geology (대한자원환경지질학회)
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Geology and Volcanism of Hyeongjeseom (Islet) Volcano, Jeju Island

제주도 형제섬 화산체의 지질과 화산활동

  • Park, Jun Beom (US Army Corps of Engineers Far East District) ;
  • Koh, Gi Won (Water Resources R&D Center, Jeju Province Development Corporation) ;
  • Jeon, Yongmun (Jeju World Natural Heritage Headquarters, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province) ;
  • Park, Won Bae (Groundwater Researh Center, Jeju Research Institute) ;
  • Moon, Soo Hyoung (Water Resources R&D Center, Jeju Province Development Corporation) ;
  • Moon, Deok Cheol (Water Resources R&D Center, Jeju Province Development Corporation)
  • Received : 2021.01.26
  • Accepted : 2021.03.31
  • Published : 2021.04.28
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Abstract

The Hyeongjeseom (Islet) is an erosional remnant of volcano which is located about 2 km northeast of sea shore of the Songaksan tuff ring, and is composed of volcaniclastic deposit, agglomerate and scoria deposit, ponded lava, aa lava flows, reworked deposit and beach deposit in ascending order from the base. The volcano is formed by volcaniclastic deposits and lava flows that recorded a transition from initial phreatomagmatic to magmatic explosions followed by lava effusion. It is interpreted that the outcropped volcaniclastic deposit may be a remaining portion of outer ring of a tuff cone. A bomb and a ponded lava yield geochemically basaltic trachyandesite compositions (SiO2 51.3 wt%, Na2O+K2O 6.0 wt%) and belong to olivine basalt with scarce (<5 %) phenocrysts of olivine, petrographically. By incremental heating Ar-Ar dating method, the plateau age of lava flow in the Heongjesom is 9.2±3.6(2σ) ka, implying that the volcanism of Heongjeseom may have occurred earlier than the Songaksan tuff ring which erupted ca. 3.7 ka. It still remains a task to find a volcano which matches with a historical record of volcanic activity that occurred a thousand years ago.

형제섬은 송악산에서 북동쪽으로 약 2 km 떨어진 해상에 위치한 침식 잔존 화산체로서, 하부로부터 화산쇄설층, 집괴암 및 분석층, 분화구 용암, 아아 용암류와 이를 피복하는 재동퇴적층과 해빈퇴적층 순으로 이루어져 있다. 형제섬 화산체는 초기 증기 마그마성에서 후기 마그마성 분출과 용암분류로 변화한 화산분화를 기록하고 있는 분출물로 이루어져 있으며, 노두로 남아있는 화산쇄설층은 응회구의 외륜 일부로 해석된다. 화산탄과 분화구 용암류는 현무암질 조면안산암의 조성(SiO2 51.3 wt%, Na2O+K2O 6.0 wt%)이며 감람석 현무암류에 해당한다. 단계별 가열에 따른 Ar-Ar 연대측정법에 의한 형제섬 용암류의 플래토 연대는 9.2±3.6 ka로서, 약 3천 7백 년 전의 분화 기록을 가지고 있는 인접한 송악산 화산체보다 앞서 형성되었음을 의미한다. 여전히, 약 천 년 전 화산분화의 역사 기록에 부합되는 화산체를 찾는 숙제가 남는다.

Keywords

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