DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Quantitative assessment on the reinforcing behavior of the CFRP-PCM method on tunnel linings

  • Han, Wei (Graduate School of Engineering, Nagasaki University) ;
  • Jiang, Yujing (Graduate School of Engineering, Nagasaki University) ;
  • Zhang, Xuepeng (College of Energy and Mining Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Koga, Dairiku (Department of Disaster Management, Engineering Consultants Co.) ;
  • Gao, Yuan (Graduate School of Engineering, Nagasaki University)
  • Received : 2020.07.01
  • Accepted : 2021.03.30
  • Published : 2021.04.25

Abstract

In this paper, the carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) grids embedded in polymer cement mortar (PCM) shotcrete (CFRP-PCM method) was conducted to repair the degraded tunnel linings with a cavity. Subsequently, the reinforcing effect of the CFRP-PCM method under different degrees of lining deterioration was quantitatively evaluated. Finally, the limit state design method of the M-N interaction curve was conducted to determine whether the structure reinforced by the CFRP-PCM method is in a safe state. The main results indicated that when the cavity is at the shoulder, the lining damage rate is more serious. In addition, the remarkably reinforcing effect on the degraded tunnel linings could be achieved by applying a higher grade of CFRP grids, whereas the optimization effect is no longer obvious when the grade of CFRP grids is too high (CR8); Furthermore, it is found that the M-N numerical values of the ten reinforcing designs of the CFRP-PCM method are distributed outside the corresponding M-N theoretical interaction curves, and these designs should be avoided in the corresponding reinforcing engineering.

Keywords

References

  1. Aalianvari, A. (2017), "Combination of engineering geological data and numerical modeling results to classify the tunnel route based on the groundwater seepage", Geomech. Eng., 13(4), 671-683. http://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2017.13.4.671.
  2. Bansal, P.P. and Sidhu, R. (2017), "Mechanical and durability properties of fluoropolymer modified cement mortar", Struct. Eng. Mech., 63(3), 317-327. http://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2017.63.3.317.
  3. Benzaama, A., Mokhtari, M., Benzaama, H., Gouasmi, S. and Tamine, T. (2018), "Using XFEM technique to predict the damage of unidirectional CFRP composite notched under tensile load", Adv. Aircraft Spacecr. Sci., 5(1), 129-139. https://doi.org/10.12989/aas.2018.5.1.129.
  4. Fang, H., Xu, X., Liu, W.Q., Qi, Y.J., Bai, Y., Zhang, B. and Hui, D. (2016), "Flexural behavior of composite concrete slabs reinforced by FRP grid facesheets", Compos. Part B Eng., 92, 46-62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2016.02.029.
  5. Feiteira, J. and Ribeiro, M.S. (2013), "Polymer action on alkalisilica reaction in cement mortar", Cement Concrete Res., 44, 97-105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2012.09.008.
  6. Fraldi, M. and Guarracino, F. (2009), "Limit analysis of collapse mechanisms in cavities and tunnels according to the Hoek-Brown failure criterion", Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., 46(4), 665-673. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2008.09.014.
  7. FRP Grid Method Association of Japan (n.d), Design and construction manual of the Repair & reinforcement method for RC structures by FRP grid [O/L], http://www.frp-grid.com/01.html.
  8. Fu, J.Y., Xie, J.W., Wang, S.Y., Yang, J.S., Yang, F. and Pu, H. (2019), "Cracking performance of an operational tunnel lining due to local construction defects", Int. J. Geomech., 19(4), 04019019. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GM.1943-5622.0001371.
  9. Gaurav, A. and Signh, K.K. (2018), "Fatigue behavior of FRP composites and CNT-Embedded FRP composites: A review", Polym. Composite, 39(6), 1785-1808. https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.24177.
  10. Ghasemi, S.H. and Nowak, A.S. (2018), "Reliability analysis of circular tunnel with consideration of the strength limit state", Geomech. Eng., 15(3), 879-888. http://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2018.15.3.879.
  11. Guler, S., Oker B. and Akbulut Z.F. (2021), "Workability, strength and toughness properties of different types of fiber-reinforced wet-mix shotcrete", Structure, 31, 781-791. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2021.02.031.
  12. Guler, S. and Yavuz, D. (2019), "Post-cracking behavior of hybrid fiber-reinforced concrete-filled steel tube beams", Constr. Build. Mater., 205, 285-305. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.01.192.
  13. Guler, S., Yavuz, D. and Aydin M. (2019), "Hybrid fiber reinforced concrete-filled square stub columns under axial compression", Eng. Struct., 198, 109504. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2019.109504.
  14. Guler, S., Yavuz, D., Korkut, F. and Ashraf, A. (2018), "Strength prediction models for steel, synthetic, and hybrid fiber reinforced concretes", Struct. Concrete, 20(1), 428-445. https://doi.org/10.1002/suco.201800088.
  15. Guo, R., Pan, Y., Cai, L.H. and Hino, S. (2018), "Study on design formula of shear capacity of RC beams reinforced by CFRP grid with PCM shotcrete method", Eng. Struct., 166, 427-440. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.03.095.
  16. Hu, J., Li, S.C., Liu, H.L., Li, L.P., Shi, S.S. and Qin, C.S. (2020), "New modified model for estimating the peak shear strength of rock mass containing nonconsecutive joint based on a simulated experiment", Int. J. Geomech., 20(7), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GM.1943-5622.0001732.
  17. Japan Iron and Steel Federation Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete Revision Committee (2002), Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete Design and Construction Manual, GIHODO SHUPPAN Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan.
  18. Jeffrey, J.B., Lawrence, C.B. and Michael, G.O. (2016), "Punching shear failure in double-layer pultruded FRP grid reinforced concrete bridge decks", Adv. Struct. Eng., 15(4), 601-613. https://doi.org/10.1260/1369-4332.15.4.601.
  19. Jeng, F., Lin, M.L. and Yuan, S.C. (2002), "Performance of toughness indices for steel fiber reinforced shotcrete", Tunn. Undergr. Sp. Tech., 17(1), 69-82. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0886-7798(01)00065-7.
  20. Jiang, Y.J., Wang, X.S., Li, B., Higashi, Y., Taniguchi, K. and Ishid, K. (2017) "Estimation of reinforcing effects of FRP-PCM method on degraded tunnel linings", Soils Found., 57, 327-340. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sandf.2017.05.002.
  21. Joong, K.J. Woo, S.K. Gyu, Y.K. and Chan, K.J. (2016), "Polyamide fiber reinforced shotcrete for tunnel application", Materials, 9(3), 163. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma9030163.
  22. Kishi, N., Zhang, G. and Mikami, H. (2005), "Numerical cracking and debonding analysis of RC beams reinforced with FRP sheet", J. Compos. Constr., 9(6), 507-514. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1090-0268(2005)9:6(507).
  23. Lalague, A., Lebens, M.A., Hoff, I. and Grov, E. (2016), "Detection of rockfall on a tunnel concrete lining with ground-penetrating radar (GPR)", Rock Mech. Rock Eng., 49(7), 2811-2823. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-016-0943-y.
  24. Lee, J.K. and Lee, J.H. (2002), "Nondestructive evaluation on damage of carbon fiber sheet reinforced concrete", Compos. Struct., 58 (1), 139-147. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0263-8223(02)00029-6.
  25. Li, Z.X., Li, C.H., Shi Y.D. and Zhou X.J. (2017), "Experimental investigation on mechanical properties of hybrid fibre reinforced concrete", Constr. Build. Mater., 157, 930-942. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.09.098.
  26. Maalej, M. and Leong, K.S. (2005), "Effect of beam size and FRP thickness on interfacial shear stress concentration and failure mode of FRP-strengthened beams", Compos. Sci. Technol., 65(7), 1148-1158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2004.11.010.
  27. Makeev, A., Ghaffari, S. and Seon, G. (2019), "Improving compressive strength of high modulus carbon-fiber reinforced polymeric composites through fiber hybridization", Int. J. Eng. Sci., 142, 145-157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijengsci.2019.06.004.
  28. Mofidi, A. and Chaallal, O. (2014), "Tests and design provisions for reinforced-concrete beams strengthened in shear using FRP sheets and strips", Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater., 8(2), 117-128. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40069-013-0060-1.
  29. Nishi, Y., Tsuchikura, N., Nanba, S., Yamamoto, T. and Faudree, M.C. (2012), "Charpy impact of sandwich structural composites (CFRP/PC/CFRP) of polycarbonate (PC) cores covered with carbon fiber cross textile reinforced epoxy polymer (CFRP) thin sheets as a function of temperature", Mater. Trans., 53(7), 1288-1294. https://doi.org/10.2320/matertrans.M2011357.
  30. Rabia, B., Hassaine, T. and Abderezak. (2019), "Effect of distribution shape of the porosity on the interfacial stresses of the FGM beam strengthened with FRP plate", Earthq. Struct., 16(5), 601-609. http://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2019.16.5.601.
  31. Rajak, D.K., Pagar, D.D., Menezes, P.L. and Linul, E. (2019), "Fiber-reinforced polymer composites: Manufacturing, properties, and applications", Polymers, 11, 1667. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym11101667.
  32. Razavi, M.R. and Mustaffa, Z. (2018), "Rehabilitation of notched circular hollow sectional steel beam using CFRP patch", Steel Compos. Struct., 26(2), 151-161. http://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2018.26.2.151.
  33. Schrefler, B.A., Codina, R. and Principe, F.P. (2011), "Thermal coupling of fluid flow and structural response of a tunnel induced by fire", Int. J. Numer. Meth. Eng., 87(1-5), 361-385. https://doi.org/10.1002/nme.3077.
  34. Singh, S. and Patra, N.R. (2020), "Axial dynamic response of concrete-filled tapered fiber reinforced polymer piles in a transversely isotropic medium", Comput. Geotech., 123, 103557. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2020.103557.
  35. Sukontasukkul, P., Pongsopha, P., Chindaprasirt, P. and Songpiriyakij, S. (2018), "Flexural performance and toughness of hybrid steel and polypropylene fibre reinforced geopolymer", Constr. Build. Mater., 161(2), 37-44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.11.122.
  36. Sumathi, A. and Arun, V.S. (2017), "Study on behavior of RCC beams with externally bonded FRP members in flexure", Adv. Concr. Constr., 5(6), 625-638. http://doi.org/10.12989/acc.2017.5.6.625.
  37. Tonon, F. (2010), "Sequential excavation, NATM and ADECO: What they have in common and how they differ", Tunn. Undergr. Sp. Tech., 25(3), 245-265. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2009.12.004.
  38. Ye, Z.J. and Ye, Y. (2019), "Comparison of detection effect of cavities behind shield tunnel segment using transient electromagnetic radar and ground penetration radar", Geotech. Geol. Eng., 37(5), 4391-4403. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10706-019-00916-y.
  39. Yue, Q.R., Liu, Z.Q., Li, R. and Chen, X.B. (2016), "Experimental investigation into the development length of carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer grids in concrete", Adv. Struct. Eng., 20(6), 953-962. https://doi.org/10.1177/1369433216668360.