DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Evacuation Safety Evaluation According to Slope of the School Ramps

  • Choi, Chang-Jun (Dept. of Fire and Disaster Prevention, Woosuk Univ.) ;
  • Kong, Ha-Sung (Dept. of Fire and Disaster Prevention, Woosuk Univ.)
  • 투고 : 2021.02.25
  • 심사 : 2021.03.07
  • 발행 : 2021.03.31

초록

This study, in order to evaluate the safety of evacuation by comparing and analyzing the RSET according to the slope change of the ramp, which is a vertical evacuation route in case of fire in a high school building, Evacuation simulation was run the Pathfinder program changed the slope of the ramp to 10°, 15°, and 20° for each male students and female students. In the case of female students, it was analyzed that when the final RSET slope was 15°, 25.7 seconds were shorter than when 10°, and 4.2 seconds were shorter than when 20°. Male students also found that when the final RSET slope was 15°, 23.8 seconds were shorter than when 10°, and 5.4 seconds shorter than when 20°. It was analyzed that even if the number of participants was increased and the evacuation simulation was executed, the safety of evacuation could be improved when the slope of the slope is 15° as the RSET when the slope of the slope is 15° is shorter than that of 10° and 20°.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. National Fire Data System of the National Fire Agency, Fire Statistics Yearbook, p.144, 2019
  2. K. S. Lee and W. G. Shim, "A Study on the Expression Method and Meaning Expansion of Stair Lam ps in Modern Architecture", Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea, Vol. 21, No. 2, pp. 701-704, 2001. 10.
  3. Y. G. Lee, Comparative Study on Installation Regulations for Building Evacuation, Graduate School of Industrial Information, Graduate School of Master's Degree, pp. 1-3, 2009.
  4. T. Y. Oh, "Characteristics of Knee Joint Flexion Angle and Foot Pressure according Slope Climbing", The Korea Contents Society, Vol. 10, No. 2, pp. 268-276, 2010. https://doi.org/10.5392/JKCA.2010.10.2.268
  5. Y. O. Choi, "A Simulation for Physical an Psychological Load Measurement of the Healthy Adults using Wheelchairs on the each Specific Ramp Gradients of Building Entrance", Journal of the Regional Association of Architectural Institute of Korea, Vol. 34, Issue 2, pp. 109-110, 2015.
  6. S. Y. Yang and T. K. Lee, "A Study on User Preferences of the Surface Length on the Each Specific Ramp Gradients", The Korean Housing Association, p 357, 2016.
  7. M. K. Kim and H. G. Cha, "Therapeutic efficacy of walk backward and forward on a slope in normal adults", Korea Contents Association, Vol. 2016, No. 5, pp. 267-268, 2016.
  8. E. N. Corlett, C. Hutcheson, M. A. DeLugan, J. Rogozenski, "Ramps or stairs: The choice using physiological and biomechanic criteria", Applied ergonomics, 3(4), pp. 195-201, 1972. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0003-6870(72)90100-7
  9. I. Canale et al., "Ramp Length/grade Prescriptions for Wheelchair Dependent Individuals", Paraplegia, Vol. 29, No. 7, pp.479-485, 1996. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sc.1991.65
  10. Bing et al., "Calibration of measured center of pressure of a new stairway design for kinetic analysis of stair climbing", Journal of Biomechanics, Vol. 29, Issue 12, pp. 1625-1628, 1996. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9290(96)80015-7
  11. A. Nagel et al., "Plantar pressure pattern in stairs climbing", Clinical biomechanics, Vol. 23, No. 5, pp. 662-720, 2008. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2008.03.026
  12. Jinger S. Gottschall, Nori Okita, Riley C. Sheehan, "Muscle activity patterns of the tensor fascia latae and adductor longus for ramp and stair walking", Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology, 22(1), pp. 67-73, 2012. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jelekin.2011.10.003
  13. Korea Ministry of Government Legislation(www.law.go.kr), Article 15 of the Rules on the Standards for Evacuation, Fire Protection, etc. of Buildings
  14. Korea Ministry of Government Legislation(www.law.go.kr), Enforcement Decree of the Act on the Promotion of Convenience of the Disabled, the Elderly, Pregnant Women, etc., [Appendix 1]
  15. NFPA 101: Life Safety Code, 2003 Edition, NFPA, Conprehensive Consensus Codes(C3), pp. 1-1396, p55
  16. W. J. Lim, "A Study on the Appropriateness of Evacuation in the Fire of School Buildings", Seoul National University of Industry's Master's Degree, pp. 1-88, p. 82, 2005.
  17. Korea Ministry of Government Legislation(www.law.go.kr), Performance-oriented design methods and standards for fire-fighting systems, [Appendix 1] subparagraph 3(b), revision 2019.12.31.
  18. Poon, S. L., "A Dynamic Approach to ASET/RSET Assessment in Performance based Design", Procedia Engineering, 71(1), pp. 173-181, 2014. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2014.04.025
  19. Wang, S., Wang, W., Wang, K. & Shih, S., "Applying building information modeling to support fire safety management", Automation in Construction, 59(1), pp. 158-167, 2015. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2015.02.001
  20. Pathfinder, Thunderhead (USA), User Manual (www.thunderheadeng.com)
  21. Ministry of Education, "2019 Student Health Examination Sample Statistics", p 3, 2020.
  22. National Statistical Office, "Human Dimension Survey of Koreans: statistics of 120 parts", pp. 133-139, 2006.
  23. Morgan J. Hurley, The SFPE Handbook of Fire Protection Engineering 2, 5th edition, United States: Springer, p2-216, 2016.