Journal of Veterinary Science

The Korean Society of Veterinary Science (대한수의학회)
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Successful treatment of recurrent subclinical mastitis in cows caused by enrofloxacin resistant bacteria by means of the sequential intramammary infusion of enrofloxacin HCl-2H2O and ceftiofur HCl: a clinical trial

  • Alfonseca-Silva, Edgar (Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico) ;
  • Cruz-Villa, Juan Carlos (Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico) ;
  • Gutierrez, Lilia (Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico) ;
  • Sumano, Hector (Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico)
  • Received : 2021.05.03
  • Accepted : 2021.08.29
  • Published : 2021.11.30
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Abstract

Background: Recurrent subclinical mastitis (RScM) due to resistant bacteria has low clinical and bacteriological cure rates, often requiring the culling of cows. The sequential intramammary administration of enrofloxacin hydrochloride-dihydrate (enro-C) followed by ceftiofur HCl may be useful for treating these cases. Objectives: This study assessed the bacteriological and clinical cure-efficacies of the sequentially intramammary administration of enro-C, followed by ceftiofur HCl to treat RScM in Holstein/Friesian cows. Methods: This trial was conducted in a herd with a high prevalence of RScM, and 20 Holstein/Friesian cows were included: 45% suffering subclinical mastitis and 38.9% of the mammary quarters affected. Twenty-nine bacterial isolates in vitro resistant to enro-C were obtained (coagulase-negative Staphylococcus spp, 55.2%; Staphylococcus aureus, 27.6%; Escherichia coli, 6.9%; Streptococcus uberis, 6.9%; Corynebacterium bovis, 3.4%). Polymerase chain reaction-isolated the following genes linked to enro-C resistance: chromosomal (gyrA) and plasmid (aac(6')-lb-cr). The treatments were as follows: twice-daily intramammary infusions of enro-C (300 mg/10 mL) for 5 days. Cows clinically considered treatment failures were also treated with intramammary ceftiofur (125 mg/10 mL, twice daily for 5 days. The clinical and bacteriological cure rates were carried out when completing each treatment phase and at 14 and 21 days, aided by a California mastitis test, somatic cell count, and failure to identify the initially causative bacteria. Results: Enro-C achieved 65% clinical and bacteriological cure rates, and 100% cure rates were obtained after the rescue treatment with ceftiofur HCl. Conclusions: Outstanding clinical and bacteriological cure rates in cows affected by RScM were achieved with the consecutive intramammary infusions of enro-C, followed by ceftiofur HCl.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This study was supported by Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT), Problemas Nacionales, Number 203.

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