DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

만성호흡기질환자의 미세먼지에 대한 인식, 지식, 예방행위와 관련 요인

Factors Affecting the Perception, Knowledge, and Preventive Behaviors of Chronic Pulmonary Disease Patients on Particulate Matter

  • 투고 : 2020.12.02
  • 심사 : 2021.03.12
  • 발행 : 2021.03.31

초록

이 연구의 목적은 천식과 만성폐쇄성폐질환 환자들의 미세먼지에 대한 인식, 지식, 예방행위 수준과, 예방행위에 영향을 미치는 요인을 확인하기 위한 것이다. 이 연구는 서술적 조사연구로 연구대상은 대구광역시 소재 일개 대학병원 호흡기전문질환센터를 방문한 만 19세 이상, 만 80세 이하의 만성호흡기질환자를 편의표본추출하였고, 2019년 12월부터 2020년 1월까지 구조화된 자기기입식 설문조사로 자료를 수집하여, 총 212부의 자료를 분석 대상으로 하였다. 연구대상자는 212명이었으며, 이중 천식 112명(52.8%), 만성폐쇄성폐질환 100명(47.2%)이었다. 미세먼지에 대한 인식, 지식, 예방행위의 평균 점수(10점 만점)는 천식 환자는 각각 7.92점, 6.99점, 7.10점이었고, 만성폐쇄성폐질환자는 각각 7.72점, 6.24점, 6.80점 이었다.미세먼지 지식 점수는 천식환자가 만성폐쇄성폐질환자보다 유의하게 높았다(p=0.007). 미세먼지 예방행위 수준에 영향을 미치는 요인은 천식은 인식 점수, 지식 점수, 연령이며, 만성폐쇄성폐질환은 인식 점수가 유의한 요인이었다. 이상의 결과 천식과 만성폐쇄성폐질환 환자의 예방행위에 영향을 주는 요인은 천식은 인식 점수, 지식 점수, 연령이며, 만성폐쇄성폐질환은 인식점수였다. 미세먼지 예방행위 수준을 높이는 것은 미세먼지로 인한 만성호흡기질환의 악화를 막을 수 있으므로, 질환에 따른 대상자의 특성을 고려한 중재 프로그램의 개발과 지속적이고 반복적인 교육이 요구된다.

Objectives: This research aimed to identify the level of perception, knowledge, preventive behavior, and factors affecting preventive behavior of patients with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease against particulate matter. Methods: This research was a descriptive survey research, and the subjects were chronic pulmonary disease patients over the age of 19 and under 80 who visited a university hospital in Daegu City. Data was collected by convenience sampling through structured self-administered questionnaire survey from December 2019 to January 2020, and a total of 212 copies were used for analysis. Results: Out of 212 total subjects, 112 were asthma patients (52.8%) and 100 were chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients (47.2%). The average score (out of 10) of perception, knowledge and preventive behavior of patients with asthma for particulate matter was 7.92, 6.99, and 7.10, respectively, while those with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease scored 7.72, 6.24, and 6.80, respectively. The knowledge score was significantly higher in patients with asthma than those with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (p=0.007). Factors affecting particulate matter preventive behavior were perception score, knowledge score, and age for asthma patients, and perception score for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. Conclusions: As a result of the above, the factors relate to the preventive behavior of patients with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were perception score, knowledge score, and age for asthma, and perception score for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Raising the level of particulate matter preventive behavior can prevent the deterioration of chronic pulmonary diseases caused by particulate matter, so the development of arbitration programs considering the characteristics of the patients according to the disease and continuous and repetitive education are required.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. OECD. How's Life? 2020 measuring WELL-BEING. 2020, Paris.
  2. Ministry of Environment. 바로 알면 보인다 미세먼지 도대체 뭘까? 2016. Available from:https://www.airkorea.or.kr/web/board/3/428/?pMENU_NO=145 (Korean)
  3. Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency. Health Effects of Particulate Matter and Patient guide. 2018 (Korean)
  4. Kyung SY, Jeong SH. Adverse health effects of particulate matter. J Korean Med Assoc 2017;60(5):391-398 (Korean) https://doi.org/10.5124/jkma.2017.60.5.391
  5. Jang AS, Kim BY, Lee CH, Park JS, Lee JH, Park SW, Park CS. Hospital Visits and Admissions in Patients with Asthma, COPD, and Cardiovascular Diseases according to Air Pollutants. Korean J Asthma Allergy Clin Immunol 2006;26(3):233-238 (Korean)
  6. Hong SC, Lee CI, Han JS, Kim WD, Lee KY, Kim SJ, Kim HJ, Ha K, Chon KR, Yo KH. Annual Change of Peak Expiratory Flow Rate in Asthma and COPD. Tuberc Respir Dis 2012;72(1):24-29 (Korean) https://doi.org/10.4046/trd.2012.72.1.24
  7. The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Guidelines Revision Committee. Asthma Care Guidelines. 2014. Korea, The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases. (Korean)
  8. The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Guidelines Revision Committee. COPD Care Guidelines. 2018. Korea, The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases. (Korean)
  9. Ki M, Shin JY, Kim LH, Cho SS, An AR, Kim YJ. Prevalence of allergic and respiratory conditions among residents living mear large construction sites in Sejong city: an exploratory study with mixed method approach. J Agric Med Community Health 2015;40(2):80-92 (Korean) https://doi.org/10.5393/JAMCH.2015.40.2.080
  10. Park MK. Factors Influencing Health Behavior Related to Particulate Matter in Older Adults. Graduate School, Yonsei University, 2018 (Korean)
  11. Jang NR. A study on elementary school students' knowledge.awareness and attitude of the fine dust. Seoul National University of Education, Graduate School of Education, 2019 (Korean)
  12. Bang MH. Fators Affecting the knowledge and Preventive Behaviors of Asthmatic Patients on Particulate Matter. The Catholic University of Korea, Graduate School, 2017 (Korean)
  13. WHO. Package of Essential NCD Interventions - Management of Chronic Respiratory Diseases, Centre for Community Medicine All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi, India, 2019. p.1-24
  14. Park SH. A study on the Evaluation of the Awareness and the Development of Environmental Education Program about the particulate matter in the ambient air. Yonsei University, Graduate School of Education, 2014 (Korean)
  15. Choi SH. A Study on the Factors Affecting Fine Dust Cognition, Knowledge, and Attitude among College Students. Journal of the Korea Contents Association 2018;18(12):281-290 (Korean) https://doi.org/10.5392/JKCA.2018.18.12.281
  16. Kyung SY, Kim YS, Kim WJ, Park MS, Song JW, Yum H, Yoon HK, Rhee CK, Jeong SH. Guideline for the prevention and management of particulate matter/Asian dust particle-induced adverse health effect on the patients with pulmonary diseases. J Korean Med Assoc 2015;58(11):1060-1069 (Korean) https://doi.org/10.5124/jkma.2015.58.11.1060
  17. Yang HJ, Kim SH, Jang AS, Kim SH, Song WJ, Kim TB, Ye YM, Yoo Y, Yu JH, Yoon JS, Jee HM, Suh DI, Kim CW. Guideline for the prevention and management of particulate matter/yellow dust-induced adverse health effects on the patients with bronchial asthma. J Korean Med Assoc 2015;58(11):1034-1043 (Korean) https://doi.org/10.5124/jkma.2015.58.11.1034
  18. Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency. Korea Health Statistics 2019: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES VIII-1) (Korean)
  19. Yoo KH, Inhalation medications in chronic airway disease. J Korean Med Assoc 2013;56(7):625-631 (Korean) https://doi.org/10.5124/jkma.2013.56.7.625