Journal of Appropriate Technology (적정기술학회지)

Academic Society for Appropriate Technology (적정기술학회)
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Promoting Access to Health Technologies in the Post-pandemic Era: Gavi, Global Fund, Unitaid, and Access to COVID-19 Tools Accelerator (ACT-A) Programs

포스트 코로나 시대 보건의료기술 접근성 제고를 위한 탐색 연구: 세계백신연합(Gavi) 글로벌펀드(Global Fund), 국제의약품구매기구(Unitaid) 및 Access to COVID-19 Tools Accelerator 사업 사례

  • Received : 2021.10.15
  • Accepted : 2021.11.10
  • Published : 2021.11.20
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Abstract

Purpose: Global collaboration to accelerate development and equitable access to COVID-19 tests, treatments, and vaccines was launched with the name of the Access to COVID-19 Tools Accelerator (ACT-A), and this initiative owes its expertise to the lessons learned of the global health organizations. To date, the comprehensive mechanisms and potential effects of the initiative remain largely unknown. Methods: This study reviewed the programs of Gavi, the Global Fund, Unitaid, and ACT-A, which mitigating barriers to greater use of health technology with an analytic framework. Results and conclusion: The study findings are as follows. First, programs to alleviate the absence of necessary technology include the International Finance Facility for Immunization and Covax Facility. Second, Pooled Procurement Mechanism and Accelerated Order Mechanism are examples of mitigating the inability to access technology. Third, programs to overcome reluctance to adopt accessible technology include health system strengthening efforts such as the capacity-building health workforces. Further actions of Korea are needed to collaborate with the initiatives to enhance health outcomes.

코로나19 확산은 전 세계 인구, 보건체계, 경제, 사회문화에 전례 없는 영향을 미치고 있으며, 국제사회는 코로나19를 극복하고자 보건의료기술 개발 및 접근성 제고를 위해 연대하고 있다. 본 고는 보건의료기술 접근성을 저해하는 장애물에 대한 이론적 틀을 기반으로 감염병 다자기구 및 코로나19 보건의료기술 접근성 제고를 위한 ACT-A 사업을 검토한다. 연구 결과, 첫째, 국제사회는 필요한 기술의 부재를 극복하기 위해 선시장공약, 백신채권, Covax Facility 등을 시행하고 있으며, 둘째, 존재하는 기술이 접근가능하지 않는 장애물을 극복하기 위해 공동조달메커니즘, 의약품특허풀 등을 시행하고 있으며, 셋째, 기술이 수용되지 않는 장애물을 극복하기 위해 인력역량 강화 등을 포함하는 보건체계 강화를 지원하고 있음을 발견하였다. 이를 바탕으로 실무적·학술적 향후 과제로써 기추진중인 한국 공적개발원조 사업과 감염병 다자기구 및 ACT-A 사업과의 연계 가능성을 검토하여 더욱 활발하게 협력할 필요가 있다.

Keywords

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