식물병연구 (Research in Plant Disease)

한국식물병리학회 (The Korean Society of Plant Pathology)
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식물 RNA 바이러스의 진화와 병저항성 극복 기작

Evolution of Plant RNA Viruses and Mechanisms in Overcoming Plant Resistance

  • 김명휘 (서울대학교 농업생명과학대학 농생명공학부) ;
  • 권선정 (서울대학교 그린바이오과학기술연구원) ;
  • 서장균 (서울대학교 농업생명과학대학 농생명공학부)
  • Kim, Myung-Hwi (Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University) ;
  • Kwon, Sun-Jung (Institutes of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University) ;
  • Seo, Jang-Kyun (Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University)
  • 투고 : 2021.10.09
  • 심사 : 2021.12.06
  • 발행 : 2021.12.31
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초록

식물 RNA 바이러스는 전세계적으로 작물 생산량에 큰 손실을 일으키는 주요 병원체 중 하나로, RNA 바이러스가 갖는 특징인 짧은 복제 주기, 게놈 복제 중의 높은 변이 발생률 등으로 인해 높은 유전적 다양성과 적응성을 가지며 진화해 왔다. 식물 RNA 바이러스는 유전적 다양성을 갖는 유사종 군집으로 존재하며, 환경 변화에 따른 선택압으로 새로운 적합성을 갖는 군집으로의 변천이 빠르게 일어날 수 있다. 식물의 저항성은 일종의 선택압으로 작용하여 바이러스의 적합성에 영향을 미치며, 이는 기주의 저항성을 극복하는 변이 바이러스의 출현으로 이어질 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 식물 RNA 바이러스에 대한 진화적 관점 및 진화의 원동력을 소개하고, 이를 바탕으로 식물 저항성을 극복하는 변이 바이러스의 출현 기작을 다루고자 한다. 또한 바이러스병에 대한 저항성 전개 및 내구성 향상을 위한 전략에 대해 논하였다.

Plant RNA viruses are one of the most destructive pathogens that cause a significant loss in crop production worldwide. They have evolved with high genetic diversity and adaptability due to the short replication cycle and high mutation rate during genome replication, which are characteristics of RNA viruses. Plant RNA viruses exist as quasispecies with high genetic diversity; thereby, a rapid population transition with new fitness can occur due to selective pressure resulting from environmental changes. Plant resistance can act as selective pressure and affect the fitness of the virus, which may lead to the emergence of resistance-breaking variants. In this paper, we introduced the evolutionary perspectives of plant RNA viruses and the driving forces in their evolution. Based on this, we discussed the mechanism of the emergence of variant viruses that overcome plant resistance. In addition, strategies for deploying plant resistance to viral diseases and improving resistance durability were discussed.

키워드

과제정보

This research was supported in part by grants from Agenda Program (PJ014878) funded by the Rural Development Administration of Korea and Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture and Forestry (320038-03-2-SB010) funded by the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs of Korea.

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