Journal of Ginseng Research

The Korean Society of Ginseng (고려인삼학회)
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Adaptogenic effects of Panax ginseng on modulation of immune functions

  • Received : 2020.08.20
  • Accepted : 2020.09.11
  • Published : 2021.01.15
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Abstract

Traditional medicinal practices have used natural products such as adaptogens to treat inflammatory, autoimmune, neurodegenerative, bacterial, and viral diseases since the early days of civilization. Panax ginseng Myer is a common herb used in East Asian countries for millennia, especially in Korea, China, and Japan. Numerous studies indicate that ginseng can modulate the immune system and thereby prevent diseases. Although the human immune system comprises many different types of cells, multiple studies suggest that each type of immune cell can be controlled or stimulated by ginseng or its derivatives. Provisional lists of ginseng's potential for use against viruses, bacteria, and other microorganisms suggest it may prove to be a valuable pharmaceutical resource, particularly if higher-quality evidence can be found. Here, we reviewed the role of ginseng as an immune-modulating agent in attempt to provide a valuable starting point for future studies on the herb and the human immune system.

Keywords

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  1. Medicinal Plants and Isolated Molecules Demonstrating Immunomodulation Activity as Potential Alternative Therapies for Viral Diseases Including COVID-19 vol.12, 2021, https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.637553
  2. Network Pharmacology of Ginseng (Part II): The Differential Effects of Red Ginseng and Ginsenoside Rg5 in Cancer and Heart Diseases as Determined by Transcriptomics vol.14, pp.10, 2021, https://doi.org/10.3390/ph14101010
  3. Biotransformation of Ginsenosides (Rb1, Rb2, Rb3, Rc) in Human Intestinal Bacteria and Its Effect on Intestinal Flora vol.18, pp.12, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1002/cbdv.202100296
  4. Ginsenoside Rb1 induces a pro-neurogenic microglial phenotype via PPARγ activation in male mice exposed to chronic mild stress vol.18, pp.1, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12974-021-02185-0
  5. Bioactive Carbohydrate Polymers-Between Myth and Reality vol.26, pp.23, 2021, https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26237068
  6. Effects of ginseng soluble dietary fiber on serum antioxidant status, immune factor levels and cecal health in healthy rats vol.365, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130641
  7. Glycogen-based pH and redox sensitive nanoparticles with ginsenoside Rh2 for effective treatment of ulcerative colitis vol.280, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121077