한국과학교육학회지 (Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education)

  • 제41권6호
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  • Pages.483-499
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  • 2021
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  • 1226-5187(pISSN)
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  • 2288-8489(eISSN)
한국과학교육학회 (The Korean Association for Science Education)
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과학과 교육과정 지역화 정책에 대한 전문가 인식 탐색 -교육과정 편성·운영 지침 및 성취기준 개정을 중심으로-

An Exploratory Study on the Experts' Perception of Science Curriculum Localization Policy: Focus on the Revision of the Arrangement and Implementation Guideline and the Achievement Standard of Curriculum

  • 투고 : 2021.11.29
  • 심사 : 2021.12.27
  • 발행 : 2021.12.31
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초록

교육과정의 '지역화' 정책은 2022 개정 교육과정의 한 방향인 '분권화·자율화' 정책과 밀접한 관련을 맺는다. 이러한 교육과정 정책의 변화는 학생들이 지능 정보 사회 도래, 그린 혁명, 저출산 시대라는 미래사회의 뉴노멀에 대응할 수 있도록 사회변화 대처 역량 함양을 꾀한다. 특히 끝없이 확대되고 변화하는 과학과 교육환경과 컨텐츠를 고려하면 과학과 교육과정의 지역화는 다양성을 통한 전문성으로 나아갈 수 있다는 이점을 갖는다. 본 연구에서는 과학과 교육과정 지역화 정책에 대한 전문가의 인식을 통해 과학과 교육과정 '시·도 교육과정 편성·운영 지침(이하 '지침')'과 성취기준 개정 중심으로 교육과정 개정 시점의 시사점을 확인하였다. 결론적으로 연구 참여자들은 과학과 고유의 특성에 기인하여 교육과정 지역화 확장 가능성이 높다고 보았고, 17개 시·도교육청을 의미하는 지역 수준 지역화와 학교 수준 지역화 사이에 위치하는 시·도내 지역교육청 또는 마을 단위의 지역화 수준을 인식하였으며, 향후 학교 수준까지 지역화가 도달했을 때 교사의 수준이 지역화의 수준이 될 수 있음에 주목하여 교사 역량 등 교원 정책과의 연계 논의가 필요하다고 보았다. 그리고 과학과 교육과정 '지침'의 지역화가 이루어지려면, 이와 병행하여 17개 시·도에 일부 성취기준을 자율적으로 구성할 권한을 부여해야 한다는 공통적인 인식이 나타났다. 그리고 이와 연계되는 과학과 '성취기준의 지역화'를 위해서는 '성취기준의 재구조화 또는 대강화'가 선행되어야 한다고 보았다. 한편, 교육과정 지역화 정책에 의해 과학과 교육과정의 다양화·자율화 측면이 제고될 것으로 예측하면서도, 성취기준의 설정은 평가와 직결되기에 과학과 '지침' 내 평가 항목의 기술이 새롭게 이루어지는 등의 정책의 정교화 필요성을 인식하였다. 마지막으로 과학과 특성을 고려할 때, 수업 소재의 지역화를 넘어서서 지침 자체에 지역별 중점 과학교육 정책을 명시해 담을 필요가 있음을 언급하였다. 본 연구의 결과와 논의는 추후 2022 개정 교육과정에 있어서 과학과 교육과정 지역화의 구체적 거버넌스 구축과 과학과 교육과정 '지침' 및 성취기준 개선에 관한 실질적인 정책 마련에 기여할 수 있을 것이다.

The curriculum localization policy is closely related to the decentralization and autonomy policy, which is a direction of the 2022 revised curriculum. In particular, considering the continuously expanding and changing environment and contents in science education, the localization of the science curriculum has the advantage of advancing to expertise through diversity. In this paper, through experts' perception of the science curriculum localization policy, the implications of the curriculum revision were confirmed, focusing on 'MPOE(Metropolitan and Provincial Offices of Education) curriculum arrangement and implementation guidelines(hereinafter referred to as 'guidelines')' and the achievement standards revision of science curriculum. In conclusion, study participants considered that the possibility of expanding the localization of the curriculum was high due to the unique characteristics of science practices. And they recognized the level of localization at the 'district office of education or village'-level between MPOE-level and school-level. When localization reaches the school-level in the future, it was considered necessary to discuss linkage with teacher policies such as teacher's competency, noting that the level of teachers could become the level of localization. In addition, there was a common perception that in order for the science 'guidelines' to be localized, 17 MPOE must be given the authority to autonomously organize some achievement standards in parallel. It was considered that 'restructuring or slimming of achievement standards' should precede localization of achievement standards in connection with this. On the other hand, it was predicted that the curriculum localization policy would enhance the aspect of diversification and autonomy of the science curriculum, and the establishment of achievement standards was directly related to evaluation, so it recognized the need to refine policies such as new description for evaluation clause in future science 'guidelines'. Finally, considering science and characteristics, it was mentioned that it is necessary to specify regional intensive science education policies in the 'guidelines' themselves beyond the localization of teaching materials.

키워드

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