방사성폐기물학회지 (Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT))

  • 제19권4호
  • /
  • Pages.517-532
  • /
  • 2021
  • /
  • 1738-1894(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2288-5471(eISSN)
한국방사성폐기물학회 (Korean Radioactive Waste Society)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Deep Hydrochemical Investigations Using a Borehole Drilled in Granite in Wonju, South Korea

  • 투고 : 2021.08.25
  • 심사 : 2021.11.12
  • 발행 : 2021.12.30
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

Safe geological disposal of spent nuclear fuel (SNF) requires knowledge of the deep hydrochemical characteristics of the repository site. Here, we conducted a set of deep hydrochemical investigations using a 750-m borehole drilled in a model granite system in Wonju, South Korea. A closed investigation system consisting of a double-packer, Waterra pump, flow cell, and water-quality measurement unit was used for in situ water quality measurements and subsequent groundwater sampling. We managed the drilling water labeled with a fluorescein dye using a recycling system that reuses the water discharged from the borehole. We selected the test depths based on the dye concentrations, outflow water quality parameters, borehole logging, and visual inspection of the rock cores. The groundwater pumped up to the surface flowed into the flow cell, where the in situ water quality parameters were measured, and it was then collected for further laboratory measurements. Atmospheric contact was minimized during the entire process. Before hydrochemical measurements and sample collection, pumping was performed to purge the remnant drilling water. This study on a model borehole can serve as a reference for the future development of deep hydrochemical investigation procedures and techniques for siting processes of SNF repositories.

키워드

과제정보

This work was financially supported by the KIGAM's Basic Research Project (21-3115) funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT. The authors thank GeoGreen21 for their assistance in the field work. The authors also thank Dr. Byung Choon Lee for his fruitful comments on the petrology of the Wonju Granite, and Dr. Seong Kon Lee for his help in determining the test depths with the well-logging data. They extend their thanks to their colleagues at the KIGAM Center for HLW Geological Disposal for their support during the drilling campaign and field tests.

참고문헌

  1. Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy. May 26 2016. "High-level Radioactive Waste Management Master Plan (Draft) Administrative Notice." MOTIE Homepage. Accessed Jul. 26 2021. Available from: https://www.motie.go.kr/motie/ne/announce2/bbs/bbsView.do?bbs_cd_n=6&bbs_seq_n=63699.
  2. P. Abraitis et al. Geological Disposal of Radioactive Waste: Technological Implications for Retrievability, International Atomic Energy Agency Technical Report, NW-T-1.19 (2009).
  3. R.E. Jackson and K.J. Inch. Hydrogeochemical Processes Affecting the Migration of Radionuclides in a Fluvial Sand Aquifer at the Chalk River Nuclear Laboratories, National Hydrology Research Institute Report, 1-58, NHRI Paper no. 7, Scientific Series no. 104 (1980).
  4. F. King, L. Ahonen, C. Taxen, U. Vuorinen, and L. Werme. Copper Corrosion Under Expected Conditions in a Deep Geologic Repository, Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Company Technical Report, SKB-TR-01-23 (2001).
  5. R. Kietavainen. "Deep Groundwater Evolution at Outokumpu, Eastern Finland: From Meteoric Water to Saline Gas-Rich Fluid", Ph.D. Dissertation, The University of Helsinki (2017).
  6. P.A. Nurmi and I.T. Kukkonen, "A New Technique for Sampling Water and Gas From Deep Drill Holes", Can. J. Earth Sci., 23(9), 1450-1454 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1139/e86-138
  7. M. Laaksoharju, J. Smellie, A.C. Nilsson, and C. Skarman. Groundwater Sampling and Chemical Characterization of the Laxemar Deep Borehole KLX02, Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Company Technical Report, SKB-R-95-05 (1995).
  8. M. Laaksoharju, C. Andersson, E.L. Tullborg, B. Wallin, K. Ekwall, K. Pedersen, and A.C. Nilsson. Re-sampling of the KLX02 Deep Borehole at Laxemar, Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Company Technical Report, SKB-R-99-09 (1999).
  9. D.S. Bae, C. Kim, K.S. Kim, Y.K. Koh, G.Y. Kim, K.W. Park, S.H. Ji, P.S. Hahn, J. Choi, J.W. Kim, S.K. Kim, C.K. Park, S. Kwon, J.H. Hwang, and J.Y. Kim. High-Level Radiowaste Disposal Technology Development, Assessment of Deep Geological Environmental Condition, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute Report, KAERI/RR-2783/2006 (2006).
  10. I. Neretnieks. Diffusion in the Rock Matrix - An Important Factor in Radionuclide Retardation?, Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Company Technical Report, SKB-TR-79-19 (1979).
  11. B.K. Park, H.W. Chang, and Y.K. Woo. Geological Report of the Wonju Sheet, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources Report, KIGAM KR-M5-138-1989-M (1989).
  12. J. Kim, K. Yi, Y.J. Jeong, and C.S. Cheong, "Geochronological and Geochemical Constraints on the Petrogenesis of Mesozoic High-K Granitoids in the Central Korean Peninsula", Gondwana Res., 20(2-3), 608-620 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2010.12.005
  13. K. Karasaki, B. Freifeld, A. Cohen, K. Grossenbacher, P. Cook, and D. Vasco, "A Multidisciplinary Fractured Rock Characterization Study at Raymond Field Site, Raymond, CA", J. Hydrol., 236(1-2), 17-34 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1694(00)00272-9
  14. J. Andersson, A. Strom, C. Svemar, K.E. Almen, and L.O. Ericsson. What Requirements Does the KBS3 Repository Make on the Host Rock? Geoscientific Suitability Indicators and Criteria for Siting and Site Evaluation, Swedish Nuclear Fuel Waste Management Company Technical Report, SKB-TR-00-12 (2000).
  15. Y. Wei, Y. Jiao, D. An, D. Li, W. Li, and Q. Wei, "Review of Dissolved Oxygen Detection Technology: From Laboratory Analysis to Online Intelligent Detection", Sens., 19(18), 3995 (2019). https://doi.org/10.3390/s19183995
  16. X. Liu, Q. Li, R. Song, Z. Fang, and X. Li, "A Multilevel U-tube Sampler for Subsurface Environmental Monitoring", Environ. Earth Sci., 75, 1194 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-016-5997-3