Journal of Nutrition and Health

  • 제54권6호
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  • Pages.584-593
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  • 2021
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  • 2288-3886(pISSN)
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  • 2288-3959(eISSN)
한국영양학회 (The Korean Nutrition Society)
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2020 한국인 영양소 섭취기준 개정: 탄수화물

The development of the 2020 Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans: carbohydrate

  • Kim, Wookyoung (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dankook University)
  • 투고 : 2021.11.18
  • 심사 : 2021.12.13
  • 발행 : 2021.12.31
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초록

2020 한국인 영양소 섭취기준에서 탄수화물은 만성질환 예방을 위한 섭취기준으로 총 에너지 섭취량에 대한 탄수화물로부터의 에너지 섭취비율인 에너지적정비율을 1세 이후 모든 연령에서 55-65%로설정하였다. 그리고 2020년에 처음으로 탄수화물의 평균필요량과 권장섭취량을 설정하였다. 인체의 탄수화물 필요량은 뇌에서 하루에 소비되는 포도당량과 케톤체 생성이 나타나지 않는 양을 기준으로 1세 이후 모든 연령에서 1일 100 g을 설정하고, 권장섭취량은 15% 변이계수를 사용하여 두 배의 변이계수를 더한 130 g/일로 설정하였다. 탄수화물의 평균필요량은 최소필요량의 개념이지 에너지원으로서 적절한 섭취량에 대한 개념은 아니므로 탄수화물의 영양소섭취상태를 평가할 경우에는 평균필요량이나 권장섭취량에 비교하는 것은 적절하지 않고, 에너지적정비율을 활용하여 탄수화물로부터의 에너지 섭취비율의 적절성을 평가하는 것이 적절하다. 탄수화물은 에너지 적정비율범위에서 섭취할 때 만성질환의 위험을 낮출 수 있으며, 이를 탄수화물의 양뿐만 아니라 급원도 고려하는 식생활에 활용해야 할 것이다.

In the 2020 Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans, an acceptable macronutrient distribution range (AMDR), similar to the one established in 2015, was determined for carbohydrates. AMDR is the ratio that signifies energy intake from carbohydrates to the total energy intake, and is a reference that indicates a decreasing risk of chronic diseases. The AMDR of carbohydrate was determined to be optimal at 55-65% for all ages above 1 year. For the first time, in the year 2020, the estimated average requirement (EAR) and recommended nutrient intake (RNI) for carbohydrates were established. The EAR was based on the amount of glucose used per day in the brain, and was set at 100 g/day for all ages above 1 year. The RNI was set at 130 g/day, by adding a double coefficient of variation using a 15% coefficient of variation, for all ages above 1 year. In pregnant women, the amount of glucose utilized by the fetus brain was considered additionally, and for lactating women the amount of lactose secreted into maternal milk was additionally taken into consideration. Since the EAR of carbohydrate indicates the minimum amount of glucose required by the brain and is not an appropriate intake amount as an energy source, it is incorrect to compare the carbohydrate intake with the EAR or RNI. To evaluate the nutritional status of carbohydrate, it is appropriate to use the AMDR. Carbohydrate intakes within the AMDR range has the possibility in reducing the risk of chronic diseases. Hence, it is important to consider the quality as well as quantity of carbohydrates consumed.

키워드

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