Journal of Genetic Medicine

Korean Society of Medical Genetics and Genomics (대한의학유전학회)
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Progress, challenges, and future perspectives in genetic researches of stuttering

  • Kang, Changsoo (Department of Biotechnology and Institute of Basic Sciences, Sungshin Women's University)
  • Received : 2021.11.15
  • Accepted : 2021.12.13
  • Published : 2021.12.31
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Abstract

Speech and language functions are highly cognitive and human-specific features. The underlying causes of normal speech and language function are believed to reside in the human brain. Developmental persistent stuttering, a speech and language disorder, has been regarded as the most challenging disorder in determining genetic causes because of the high percentage of spontaneous recovery in stutters. This mysterious characteristic hinders speech pathologists from discriminating recovered stutters from completely normal individuals. Over the last several decades, several genetic approaches have been used to identify the genetic causes of stuttering, and remarkable progress has been made in genome-wide linkage analysis followed by gene sequencing. So far, four genes, namely GNPTAB, GNPTG, NAGPA, and AP4E1, are known to cause stuttering. Furthermore, thegeneration of mouse models of stuttering and morphometry analysis has created new ways for researchers to identify brain regions that participate in human speech function and to understand the neuropathology of stuttering. In this review, we aimed to investigate previous progress, challenges, and future perspectives in understanding the genetics and neuropathology underlying persistent developmental stuttering.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Korean Government (Ministry of Science and ICT) (Grant no. 2021R1F1A1058330).

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