Imaging Science in Dentistry

Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology (대한영상치의학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Accuracy of virtual 3-dimensional cephalometric images constructed with 2-dimensional cephalograms using the biplanar radiography principle

  • Lee, Jae-Seo (Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Kim, Sang-Rok (Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Hwang, Hyeon-Shik (Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Lee, Kyungmin Clara (Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University)
  • Received : 2021.04.13
  • Accepted : 2021.06.23
  • Published : 2021.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of virtual 3-dimensional (3D) cephalograms constructed using the principle of biplanar radiography by comparing them with cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. Materials and Methods: Thirty orthodontic patients were enrolled in this study. Frontal and lateral cephalograms were obtained with the use of a head posture aligner and reconstructed into 3D cephalograms using biplanar radiography software. Thirty-four measurements representing the height, width, depth, and oblique distance were computed in 3 dimensions, and compared with the measurements from the 3D images obtained by CBCT, using the paired t-test and Bland-Altman analysis. Results: Comparison of height, width, depth, and oblique measurements showed no statistically significant differences between the measurements obtained from 3D cephalograms and those from CBCT images (P>0.05). Bland-Altman plots also showed high agreement between the 3D cephalograms and CBCT images. Conclusion: Accurate 3D cephalograms can be constructed using the principle of biplanar radiography if frontal and lateral cephalograms can be obtained with a head posture aligner. Three-dimensional cephalograms generated using biplanar radiography can replace CBCT images taken for diagnostic purposes.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by a National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korean government (Ministry of Science and ICT) (No. 2020R1F1A 1070617 and NRF-2017R1D1A1B03032132).

References

  1. Mozzo P, Procacci C, Tacconi A, Martini PT, Andreis IA. A new volumetric CT machine for dental imaging based on the conebeam technique: preliminary results. Eur Radiol 1998; 8: 1558-64. https://doi.org/10.1007/s003300050586
  2. Arai Y, Tammisalo E, Iwai K, Hashimoto K, Shinoda K. Development of a compact computed tomographic apparatus for dental use. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 1999; 28: 245-8. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.dmfr.4600448
  3. Sukovic P. Cone beam computed tomography in craniofacial imaging. Orthod Craniofac Res 2003; 6 Suppl 1: 31-6. https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0544.2003.259.x
  4. Grayson B, Cutting C, Bookstein FL, Kim H, McCarthy JG. The three-dimensional cephalogram: theory, technique, and clinical application. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1988; 94: 327-37. https://doi.org/10.1016/0889-5406(88)90058-3
  5. Trocme MC, Sather AH, An KN. A biplanar cephalometric stereoradiography technique. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1990; 98: 168-75. https://doi.org/10.1016/0889-5406(90)70011-Z
  6. Bookstein FL, Grayson B, Cutting CB, Kim HC, McCarthy JG. Landmarks in three dimensions: reconstruction from cephalograms versus direct observation. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1991; 100: 133-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0889-5406(05)81520-3
  7. Brown T, Abbott AH. Computer-assisted location of reference points in three dimensions for radiographic cephalometry. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1989; 95: 490-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/0889-5406(89)90412-5
  8. Cutting C, Bookstein FL, Grayson B, Fellingham L, McCarthy JG. Three-dimensional computer-assisted design of craniofacial surgical procedure: optimization and interaction with cephalometrics and CT-based models. Plast Reconstr Surg 1986; 77: 877-87. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006534-198606000-00001
  9. Kusnoto B, Evans CA, BeGole EA, de Rijk W. Assessment of 3-dimensional computer-generated cephalometric measurements. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1999; 116: 390-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0889-5406(99)70223-4
  10. Kim EH, Hwang HS. The validity of head posture aligner in posteroanterior cephalometry. Korean J Orthod 2000; 30: 543-52.
  11. Kumar V, Ludlow JB, Mol A, Cevidanes L. Comparison of conventional and cone beam CT synthesized cephalograms. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2007; 36: 263-9. https://doi.org/10.1259/dmfr/98032356
  12. Sun MK, Uhm GS, Cho JH, Hwang HS. Use of head posture aligner to improve accuracy of frontal cephalograms generated from cone-beam CT scans. Korean J Orthod 2009; 39: 289-99. https://doi.org/10.4041/kjod.2009.39.5.289
  13. Hwang HS, Lee KM, Uhm GS, Cho JH, McNamara JA Jr. Use of reference ear plug to improve accuracy of lateral cephalograms generated from cone-beam computed tomography scans. Korean J Orthod 2013; 43: 54-61. https://doi.org/10.4041/kjod.2013.43.2.54
  14. Park HY, Lee JS, Cho JH, Hwang HS, Lee KM. Accuracy of three-dimensional cephalograms generated using a biplanar imaging system. Korean J Orthod 2018; 48: 292-303. https://doi.org/10.4041/kjod.2018.48.5.292
  15. Bland JM, Altman DG. Statistical methods for assessing agreement between two methods of clinical measurement. Lancet 1986; 1: 307-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(86)90837-8
  16. Baumrind S, Moffitt FH, Curry S. The geometry of three-dimensional measurement from paired coplanar X-ray images. Am J Orthod 1983; 84: 313-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9416(83)90347-0
  17. Baumrind S, Moffitt FH, Curry S. Three-dimensional X-ray stereometry from paired coplanar images: a progress report. Am J Orthod 1983; 84: 292-312. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9416(83)90346-9
  18. Selvik G, Alberius P, Fahlman M. Roentgen stereophotogrammetry for analysis of cranial growth. Am J Orthod 1986; 89: 315-25. https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9416(86)90054-0
  19. Selvik G. Roentgen stereophotogrammetric analysis. Acta Radiol 1990; 31: 113-26. https://doi.org/10.1177/028418519003100201
  20. Broadbent BH. A new X-ray technique and its application to orthodontia. Angle Orthod 1931; 1: 45-66.