Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry

The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistry (한국응용생명화학회)
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Effect of organic matter addition on the solubility of arsenic in soil and uptake by rice: a field-scale study

유기물 시용이 토양 내 비소의 용해도와 벼의 비소 흡수에 미치는 영향

  • Yoo, Ji-Hyock (Department of Agro-Food Safety, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences) ;
  • Kim, Dan-Bi (Department of Agro-Food Safety, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences) ;
  • Kim, Won-Il (Eco-Friendly Agri-Bio Research Center) ;
  • Kim, Sung-Chul (College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University)
  • Received : 2021.10.18
  • Accepted : 2021.11.16
  • Published : 2021.12.31
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Abstract

A field-scale study was conducted to evaluate the effect of organic matter amendments on the solubility of arsenic (As) in paddy soil and uptake by rice. Six organic matter (rice bran, rice straw, pig/cattle/fowls manure compost and swine liquid manure) were added to two polluted soils with high As (53 mg kg-1) and low As concentration (28 mg kg-1), and changes in soil solution constituents was monitored. The mean As concentrations in soil solution from the high As soil with rice bran, pig manure compost and swine liquid manure addition were significantly higher (0.61-1.15 mg L-1) than that of the control (0.42-0.66 mg L-1). Regression between As and Fe in soil solution indicated that As was attributable to reductive dissolution of Fe (hydr)oxides and it was driven by organic matter addition. Mean As concentrations in brown rice from the high As soil were 0.35-0.46 mg kg-1, above the maximum safety level of inorganic As (0.35 mg kg-1), and tended to be higher in organic matter amended soils than that of the control. The significant correlation between grain As and soil solution As was not observed and it was probably attributable to As tolerance of rice causing the reduction of As uptake and/or translocation to grain. However, considering the significant As release in soil solution from the high As soil and the tendency of grain As elevation after organic matter addition, it is needed to be cautious for food safety when amending organic matter to paddy soil with high As concentration.

유기물 시용이 논토양 내 비소의 용해도와 벼의 비소 흡수에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위한 포장시험을 수행하였다. 유기물(미강, 볏짚, 돈분퇴비, 우분퇴비, 계분퇴비 및 가축분뇨액비)을 토양 중 총 비소 농도가 53 mg kg-1 (highly polluted, 고농도) 및 28 mg kg-1 (polluted, 저농도)인 논토양에 시용한 결과, 고농도 비소 토양의 경우 벼의 유수형성기-등숙기 기간 토양용액 중 비소 농도는 돈분퇴비, 가축분뇨액비 및 미강 처리에서 0.61-1.15 mg L-1로 무처리구의 0.42-0.66 mg L-1에 비해 최대 약 1.7배의 유의한 농도 차이를 보였다. 저농도 비소 토양의 토양용액 중 비소 농도는 0.12-0.50 mg L-1로 고농도 토양에 비해 약 50-70% 낮았으며 무처리구와 유의한 차이는 없었다. 토양용액 중 비소 농도의 증가는 비소와 결합한 철 (수)산화물의 환원적 용해로 인한 결과로 보이며 유기물의 탄질비와 비소 농도 사이에는 상관 관계가 나타나지 않았다. 고농도 및 저농도 비소 토양에서 수확한 현미의 비소 평균 농도는 0.35-0.46 mg kg-1 범위로 대부분의 처리에서 무기비소에 대한 코덱스의 안전기준인 0.35 mg kg-1을 초과하였고 토양 오염도에 따른 유의한 차이는 없었으며, 무처리구에 비해 유기물 처리구의 농도가 높은 경향이었다. 현미 중 비소와 토양용액 중 비소 농도와의 뚜렷한 상관성은 나타나지 않았으며, 이는 비소에 대한 벼의 내성 발현에 따른 비소의 흡수 감소, 또는 알곡으로의 이행이 감소한 결과로 추측되었다. 그러나, 유기물 시용 후 토양 내 비소의 용해도 증가와 대부분의 유기물 처리에서 현미 중 비소 농도의 증가 경향이 나타나 토양의 비소 농도가 높은 경우 유기물 시용시 적정량 시용 등 주의가 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

The work was supported by the Rural Development Administration of Korea (Project - PJ01092302).

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