DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

사슬운동자세와 저항강도에 따른 PNF 다리패턴이 반대측 다리의 근활성도에 미치는 영향

Effects of the PNF Leg Pattern according to Chain Exercise Postures and Resistance Intensity on the Contralateral Leg's Muscle Activity

  • 석힘 (경성대학교 대학원 물리치료학과) ;
  • 윤성영 (동주대학교 물리치료과) ;
  • 허재석 (경성대학교 대학원 물리치료학과) ;
  • 이상열 (경성대학교 물리치료학과)
  • Seok, Him (Department of Physical Therapy, Graduated school of Kyungsung University) ;
  • Yoon, Sung-Young (Department of Physical Therapy, Dongju College) ;
  • Heo, Jae-Seok (Department of Physical Therapy, Graduated school of Kyungsung University) ;
  • Lee, Sang-Yeol (Department of Physical Therapy, Kyungsung University)
  • 투고 : 2021.12.12
  • 심사 : 2021.12.16
  • 발행 : 2021.12.31

초록

Purpose: Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) is a method for promoting functional movements by facilitating neuromuscular responses through the stimulation of proprioceptors in the body using spiral and diagonal patterns. Irradiation, a basic principle of PNF, is a phenomenon in which the muscle activity of a body part caused by resistance is increased or spread into muscles in other parts via their connected muscles. Resistance training can be divided by body alignment into closed and open chain exercises. Methods: In this study, 19 healthy men in their 20s and 30s were selected as subjects. They performed PNF hip flexion, abduction, and internal rotation motions on their dominant side in an open chain exercise posture in which the nondominant sole was away from the wall, and in a closed chain exercise posture in which the sole was fixed to the wall. The nondominant leg's muscle activity was measured while resistance was maintained with applied pressure at 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of the maximum muscle strength in the last range of motions. A two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted for a comparative analysis of the contralateral leg's muscle activity according to the chain exercise postures and the intensity of resistance intensity during PNF hip flexion, abduction, and internal rotation. In addition, an independent sample T-test was conducted for a comparative analysis of each chain exercise posture according to the intensity of resistance. A one-way ANOVA and a Scheffe post-hoc test were also performed to analyze the contralateral leg's muscle activity according to the intensity of resistance in the closed and open chain exercise postures. Results: Results of the two-way ANOVA found that the gluteus medius and the biceps femoris had statistically significant differences in both the chain exercise postures and resistance intensity (p<0.05), and that the vastus medialis and the gastrocnemius did not exhibit statistically significant differences in the chain exercise postures (p>0.05) but showed statistically significant differences in resistance intensity (p<0.05). As a result of the independent sample T-test, the application of the PNF hip flexion-abduction-internal rotation pattern led to a statistically significant difference in the contralateral gluteus medius during the closed chain exercise posture (p<0.05). According to the results of the one-way ANOVA and the Scheffe post-analysis, statistically significant differences were observed in the gluteus medius at 50%, biceps femoris at 75%, vastus medialis at 100%, and gastrocnemius at 100% during the closed chain exercise posture based on a resistance intensity of 0% (p<0.05). In the open chain exercise posture, statistically significant differences were found in the gluteus medius at 50%, biceps femoris at 50%, and vastus medialis at 75% based on the resistance intensity of 0% (p<0.05). In the same posture, there was no significant difference in the gastrocnemius's resistance intensity (p>0.05). Conclusion: When the PNF leg pattern is applied, each muscle requires effective chain exercise postures and resistance intensity to generate the contralateral leg muscle's irradiation.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Adler S, Beckers D, Buck M. PNF in practice: an illustrated guide, 4th ed. Berlin. Springer. 2014.
  2. Carroll TJ, Herbert RD, Munn J, et al. Contralateral effects of unilateral strength training: evidence and possible mechanisms. Journal of Applied Physiology. 2006;101(5):1514-1522. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00531.2006
  3. Choi SH, Rhee MH, Ha KJ, et al. Effects of irradiation on the muscle activity around an amputation site during proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation pattern exercise for upper extremity and scapular exercise on the non-amputated part-a case study. PNF and Movement. 2019;17(1):11-18.
  4. Chon SC, Chang KY, You JSH. Effect of the abdominal draw-in manoeuvre in combination with ankle dorsiflexion in strengthening the transverse abdominal muscle in healthy young adults: a preliminary, randomised, controlled study. Physiotherapy. 2010;96(2):130-136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physio.2009.09.007
  5. Egol KA, Koval KJ, Kummer F, et al. Stress fractures of the femoral neck. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research. 1998;(348):72-78.
  6. Enoka RM. Muscle strength and its development. Sports Medicine. 1988;6(3):146-168. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-198806030-00003
  7. Feland J, Marin H. Effect of submaximal contraction intensity in contract-relax proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 2004:38(4):18-19.
  8. Gellhorn E. Proprioception and the motor cortex. Brain. 1949;72(1):35-62. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/72.1.35
  9. Iwasaki T, Shiba N, Matsuse H, et al. Improvement in knee extension strength through training by means of combined electrical stimulation and voluntary muscle contraction. The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine. 2006;209(1):33-40. https://doi.org/10.1620/tjem.209.33
  10. Jang, J. The change of muscle activation in quadriceps femoris muscle during taking open kinetic chain exercise and closed kinetic chain exercise: on the subject of soccer players. Korea University. Dissertation of Master's Degree. 2003.
  11. Kabat H. Proprioceptive facilitation in therapeutic exercise. In: Light S Johnson EW (eds). Therapeutic exercise, 2nd ed. Waverly. Baltimore. 1961.
  12. Kendall FP, McCreary EK, Provance PG. Muscles: testing and function with posture and pain, 5th ed. Baltimore. Williams & Wilkins. 2005.
  13. Kim ER. The effect of closed and open kinetic chain exercises on the activation of Hip abductors. Inje University. Dissertation of Master's Degree. 2006.
  14. Kim HG, Seo YS. The effect of PNF arm flexion pattern on the muscle activation of lower extremity by kinematic chain positions. PNF and Movement. 2015;13(2):95-102.
  15. Kim YJ. The effects of closed kinetic chain exercises on the stability of the knee joints of patients with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Daegu University. Dissertation of Master's Degree. 2007.
  16. Klein DA, Stone WJ, Phillips WT, et al. PNF training and physical function in assisted-living older adults. Journal of Aging and Physical Activity. 2002;10(4): 476-488. https://doi.org/10.1123/japa.10.4.476
  17. Knols RH, Aufdemkampe G, De Bruin ED, et al. Hand-held dynamometry in patients with haematological malignancies: measurement error in the clinical assessment of knee extension strength. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders. 2009;10(1):1-11. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2474-10-1
  18. Knott M, Voss DE. Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation, 3rd ed. New York. Harper & Row. Publishers. 1968.
  19. Kwon YU, Park SJ, Kim K. The effect of open and closed chain exercise on lower extremity muscle activity in adults. Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine. 2012;7(2):173-182. https://doi.org/10.13066/kspm.2012.7.2.173
  20. Lee M, Carroll TJ. Cross education: possible mechanisms for the contralateral effects of unilateral resistance training. Sports Medicine. 2007;37(1):1-14. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200737010-00001
  21. Lim JH, Lee MK, Kim TY, et al. The combination of PNF patterns for coordinative locomotor training. PNF and Movement. 2013;11(1):17-25.
  22. Loofbourrow G, Gellhorn E. Proprioceptively induced reflex patterns. American Journal of Physiology-Legacy Content. 1948;154(3):433-438. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajplegacy.1948.154.3.433
  23. Min KO, Kang KY, Kwon MJ, et al. Therapeutic exercise for nervous system. Seongnam. Hanulbook Company. 2012
  24. Munn J, Herbert RD, Gandevia SC. Contralateral effects of unilateral resistance training: a meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Physiology. 2004;96(5):1861-1866. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00541.2003
  25. Nemeth E, Steinhausz V. PNF induced irradiation on the contralateral lower extremity with EMG measuring. Budapest. Proceedings of 3rd Hungarian Conference. 2008
  26. Neumann DA. Hip abductor muscle activity in persons with a hip prosthesis while carrying loads in one hand. Physical Therapy. 1996;76(12):1320-1330. https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/76.12.1320
  27. Palmitier RA, An KN, Scott SG, et al. Kinetic chain exercise in knee rehabilitation. Sports Medicine. 1991;11(6): 402-413. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-199111060-00005
  28. Park TJ, Park HK, Kim JM. The effects of PNF arm patterns on activation of leg muscles according to open and closed kinemetic chains. Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine. 2011;6(2):215-223.
  29. Peterson MD, Rhea MR, Sen A, et al. Resistance exercise for muscular strength in older adults: a meta-analysis. Ageing Research Reviews. 2010;9(3):226-237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2010.03.004
  30. Scripture E, Smith TL, Brown EM. On the education of muscular control and power. Studies From the Yale Psychological Laboratory. 1894;2(5):114-119.
  31. SENIAM. http://www.seniam.org/. 2009.
  32. Yang JM, Lee JH, Kang SW. The effect of foot pressure on the irradiation of a PNF upper arm pattern on standing posture with an elastic band: a randomized control trial. PNF and Movement. 2018;16(3): 425-432.
  33. Yang JM, Yeo GE, Kim DW. The relationship of pelvic pressure and irradiation of the PNF upper arm pattern in the sitting position with an elastic band-a randomized control trial. PNF and Movement. 2019;17(3): 421-429.
  34. Zhou S, Oakman A, Davie AJ. Effects of unilateral voluntary and electromyostimulation training on muscular strength on the contralateral limb. Hong Kong Journal of Sports Medicine and Sports Science. 2002;14:1-11.