한국조경학회지 (Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture)

  • 제49권6호
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  • Pages.37-48
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  • 2021
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  • 1225-1755(pISSN)
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  • 2288-9566(eISSN)
한국조경학회 (The Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture)
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도로변 공원의 공간조성유형에 따른 초미세먼지 분포 특성 - 부산시 송상현광장을 사례로-

Characteristics of Particulate Matter 2.5 by Type of Space of Urban Park - Focusing on the Songsanghyeon Plaza in Busan -

  • 안로사 (부산대학교 대학원 조경학과) ;
  • 홍석환 (부산대학교 조경학과)
  • Ahn, Rosa (Dept. of Landscape Architecture, Pusan National University) ;
  • Hong, Sukhwan (Dept. of Landscape Architecture, Pusan National University)
  • 투고 : 2021.11.08
  • 심사 : 2021.12.06
  • 발행 : 2021.12.31
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초록

본 연구는 도심 내 주요 초미세먼지(PM2.5) 발생원인 도로 인근에 조성된 도시공원을 대상으로 도시공원 내부 공간조성유형에 따라 PM2.5의 농도변화를 분석하여 특성을 살펴보고자 하였다. 연구대상지는 부산시 진구 도심 내 12차선의 도로 중심부에 광장형 공원형태로 조성된 송상현광장으로 선정하였으며, 공원의 공간조성유형은 토지피복유형과 식생구조에 따라 도로변 광장(A), 선큰광장(B), 도로 경계부 다층식재지(C), 교목 하부(D), 잔디광장(E)으로 총 5가지로 구분하였다. PM2.5는 초미세먼지 등급별 국가예보에 따라 좋음일, 보통일, 나쁨일 3일씩 총 9회 측정한 결과를 바탕으로 평균비교 분석을 수행하였다. PM2.5 좋음일 기준으로 송상현광장 내 공간조성유형별 농도는 D, E < B, C < A 순으로 통계적 유의성이 있었다. PM2.5 보통일과 나쁨일 기준은 D, E < A, B, C 순으로 유의하였다. 공간조성유형별 송상현광장 내 PM2.5 농도 특성은 인근 차도로부터 확산되는 PM2.5의 대기의 흐름의 영향이 큰 것으로 판단되었다. 차도와 15m 거리에 위치해 있는 A와 C의 경우 PM2.5 농도가 높았으나, B는 도로로부터 40m 거리에 떨어져 있는 PM2.5 농도가 높았다. 이는 B는 외벽구조로 둘러싸여 공간 내부의 공기순환이 느려 상대적으로 대기가 확산되지 못하는 것으로 판단되었다. D와 E의 경우 C의 공간조성유형을 통해 대기의 흐름이 차단된 후 공원 내부에서 대기의 흐름이 원활한 구조여서 PM2.5 농도가 상대적으로 낮은 것으로 판단하였다.

Roadside pollution has been identified as the main cause of PM2.5 in urban areas. Green infrastructure has been understood to mitigate air pollution from roadside traffic effectively, but complication depend on environmental variables. This study aimed to investigate the characteristic of PM2.5 by the type of space in an urban park located in Songsanghyeon Plaza, surrounded by a 12-lane road on all sides. Type of space was typically classified as roadside square (A), sunken square (B), a mix of trees and hedges/shrubs (C), trees only (D), and grass square (E) according to the land-use type and layers of trees. PM2.5 was measured for nine days, three days for three different Air Quality Forecasts-Good level (0~15㎍/m3), Moderate level (16~35㎍/m3), and Unhealthy level (36~75㎍/m3). The analysis result was as follows. At good levels, there was statistical significance in the order of D, E < B, C < A. In the case of moderate levels and unhealthy levels, D and E were statistically lower than other land-use types. The characteristic of PM2.5 in the urban park by type of space was affected by atmospheric flow into the road. The relatively high concentration of A and C was located near the roads. Although B was far away from the road, the reason for the high concentration of PM2.5 was that no structures blocked the air pollution. Thanks to the type of space C, filtering the air pollution from the roads, the concentration of PM2.5 in D and E was relatively low.

키워드

과제정보

이 논문은 한국연구재단에서 지원하는 연구비(NO. 2019R1F1A1053911)에 의하여 연구되었으며, 안로사의 석사학위논문을 수정·보완하여 작성되었음.

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