DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN OBESITY INDEX MODEL AS A COMPLEMENT TO BMI FOR ADULT: USING THE BLOOD DATA OF KNHANES

  • Ko, Kwanghee (Department of statistics, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Oh, Chunyoung (Department of Mathematics Education, Chonnam National University)
  • Received : 2021.09.22
  • Accepted : 2021.10.30
  • Published : 2021.12.25

Abstract

We used blood data to predict obesity by complementing the BMI risk, because some blood factors are significantly associated with obesity. For the sampling method, a two-step stratified colony sampling method was used based on sixteen blood factors collected by the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(KNHANES). We identify the number of effective blood data of obesity in the final model as 6 ~ 8 factors that differ somewhat depending on age and gender. Also, the coefficient of determination that represents the predictive power of obesity in the regression model is the highest for both men and women of aged 19 and in their 20s and 30s, and the predictive power decreases with increasing age.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Chunyoung Oh was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF) grant funded by the Korea government(2020R1I1A306562711).

References

  1. Arif AA, Rohrer JE., Patterns of alcohol drinking and its association with obesity: data from the third national health and nutrition examination survey, 1988 - 1994. BMC Public Health (2005);5(1) : 126. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-5-126
  2. R Akter, A Nessa, M F Husain, F Wahed, N Khatun, M Yesmin, S Nasreen, T Tajkia, Effect of Obesity on Fasting Blood Sugar, Mymensingh Med J. (2017) Jan;26(1) : 7-11.
  3. R Akter, A Nessa, D Sarker, M Yesmin, Effect of Obesity on Hemoglobin Concentration, Mymensingh Med J. (2017) Apr;26(2) : 230 - 234.
  4. Adams L. A., Knuiman M. W., Divitini M. L., Olynyk J. K., Body mass index is a stronger predictor of alanine aminotransaminase levels than alcohol consumption. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology. (2008);23, 7, Part 1:1089 - 1093. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1746.2008.05451.x
  5. R. Barazzoni, Gianluca Gortan Cappellari, Annamaria Semolic, Enrico Chendi, Mario Ius, Roberta Situlin, Michela Zanetti, Pierandrea Vinci, and Gianfranco Guarnieri, The Association between Hematological Parameters and Insulin Resistance Is Modified by Body Mass Index - Results from the North-East Italy MoMa Population Study, PLoS One. (2014); 9(7): e101590. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0101590
  6. G Banfi and M Del Fabbro, Relation between serum creatinine and body mass index in elite athletes of different sport disciplines, Br J Sports Med. (2006) Aug; 40(8) : 675-678. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2006.026658
  7. Bekkelund, Svein Ivar, and Rolf Jorde. "Alanine Aminotransferase and Body Composition in Obese Men and Women." Disease markers vol. 2019 1695874. 26 Aug. (2019), doi:10.1155/2019/1695874
  8. Yuan-Lung Cheng et al., Inverse Association between Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Fatty Liver Disease: A Large-Scale Study in Populations Seeking for Check-Up, PLOS ONE, August (2013), Vol. 8(8).
  9. Cohen S, Janicki-Deverts D. Who's stressed? Distributions of psychological stress in the United States in probability samples from 1983, 2006, and 2009. J Appl Soc Psychol.(2012);42 : 1320 - 1334. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2012.00900.x
  10. Consultation WHOE, Appropriate body-mass index for Asian populations and its implications for policy and intervention strategies. Lancet (2004) 363, 157 - 163 . https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(03)15268-3
  11. Clarice D. Brown, Millicent Higgins, Karen A. Donato, Frederick C. Rohde, Robert Garrison, Eva Obarzanek, Nancy D. Ernst, and Michael Horan, Body Mass Index and the Prevalence of Hypertension and Dyslipidemia, Obesity Research,(2012) https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2000.79, 06 September.
  12. Chang JB, Chen YL, Hung YJ, et al. The role of uric acid for predicting future metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes in older people. J Nutr Health Aging. (2017);21(3) : 329 - 335. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12603-016-0749-3
  13. Chu FY, Chang CC, Huang PH, et al. The association of uric acid calculi with obesity, prediabetes, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. Biomed Res Int. (2017);2017 : 1 - 6.
  14. R. K. Das, A Nessa, M A Hossain, N I Siddiqui, M A Hussain, Fasting serum glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin level in obesity, Mymensingh Med J. (2014) Apr;23(2) : 221-8.
  15. Dorit Samocha-Bonet, Dan Justo, Ori Rogowski, Nili Saar, Subchi Abu-Abeid, Galina Shenkerman, Itzhak Shapira, Shlomo Berliner, Aaron Tomer, Platelet counts and platelet activation markers in obese subjects, Mediators Inflamm. (2008); 834153. doi: 10.1155/2008/834153.
  16. Eline S. van der Valk,1,2 Mesut Savas,1,2 and Elisabeth F. C. van Rossum, Stress and Obesity: Are There More Susceptible Individuals?, Curr Obes Rep. (2018); 7(2) : 193 - 203. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13679-018-0306-y
  17. Eknoyan, G. Adolphe Quetelet (1796 - 1874) The average man and indices of obesity. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant.(2008); 23, 47 - 51 https://doi.org/10.1093/ndt/gfm517
  18. Heymsfield, S. B. et al., Scaling of adult body weight to height across sex and race/ethnic groups: relevance to BMI. Am. J. Clin. Nutr.(2014) 100, 1455 - 1461. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.114.088831
  19. M.A. Hammad, S.A. Syed Sulaiman, N.A. Aziz, T.M. Elsayed, D.A. Mohamed Noor, PSY7-Impact of obesity on glycated heloglobin control among patients with type 2 diabets mellitus, Valuein health, Open ArchiveDOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jval.(2018).09.2584.
  20. Huang, Chiao-Yu,Huang, Hsien-Liang, Yang, Kuen-Cheh, Lee, Long-Teng, Yang, WeiShiung, Huang, Kuo-Chin, Tseng, Fen-Yu, Serum Triglyceride Levels Independently Contribute to the Estimation of Visceral Fat Amount Among Nondiabetic Obese Adults, Medicine: June (2015), Vol. 94(23), pe965.
  21. Jae Ho Jang, Hong Joo Kim et al., Comparison of the prevalence of insulin resistance between the HCV Antibody positive and non-infected examinee, The Korean Journal of Medicine: (2010),Vol. 79(4).
  22. Mei-Chu Yen Jean, Chia-Chang Hsu, Teng-Hung Yu et al., Association between lifestyle and hematological parameters: A study of Chinese male steelworkers, J. Clin Lab Anal. (2019);33:e22946. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcla.22946
  23. Johanna C. Purdy, Joseph J Shatzel, The hematologic consequences of obesity, Eur J Haematol. (2021) Mar;106(3) : 30 - 319.
  24. Julia K. Bird, Alayne G Ronnenberg, Sang-Woon Choi, Fangling Du, Joel B Mason, Zhenhua Liu, Obesity is associated with increased red blood cell folate despite lower dietary intakes and serum concentrations, J Nutr. (2015) Jan;145(1) : 79 - 86. https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.114.199117
  25. S. Joshi, A. pranita, J. kharche, G. Godbole, Correlation of body mass index & triglyceride levels in middle aged women, (2018) Vol. 275, E227, August 01.
  26. King GA, Fitzhugh E, Bassett Jr D, et al., Relationship of leisure-time physical activity and occupational activity to the prevalence of obesity. International journal of obesity and related metabolic disorders: journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity (2001);25(5) : 606.
  27. Knutson KL, Van Cauter E, Rathouz PJ, DeLeire T, Lauderdale DS. Trends in the prevalence of short sleepers in the USA: 1975 - 2006. Sleep. (2010);33(1) : 37 - 45. https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/33.1.37
  28. Kleiner D. E., Brunt E. M., van Natta M., et al. Design and validation of a histological scoring system for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatology. (2005);41(6) : 1313-1321. https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.20701
  29. Kim J., Jo I. Relationship between body mass index and alanine aminotransferase concentration in non-diabetic Korean adults. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. (2010);64(2) : 169 - 175. https://doi.org/10.1038/ejcn.2009.131
  30. Lemieux S, Prud'homme D, Bouchard C, et al., A single threshold value of waist girth identifies normal-weight and overweight subjects with excess visceral adipose tissue. Am J Clin Nutr (1996); 64 : 685 - 693. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/64.5.685
  31. Giulio Marchesini, Simona Moscatiello, Silvia Di Domizio, Gabriele Forlani, Obesity-Associated Liver Disease, The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, Volume 93, Issue 11, November (2008), pp s74 - s80. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2008-1399
  32. Mummery WK, Schofield GM, Steele R, et al., Occupational Sitting Time and Overweight and Obesity in Australian Workers. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 2005;29(2) : 91 - 7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2005.04.003
  33. Matteoni C., Younossi Z., Gramlich T., Boparai N., Liu Y., Mccullough A., Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a spectrum of clinical and pathological severity. Gastroenterology. (1999);116(6) : 1413 - 1419. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-5085(99)70506-8
  34. A. M. Nevill1 and G S Metsios The need to redefine age- and gender-specific overweight and obese body mass index cutoff points, Nutr Diabetes. (2015) Nov; 5(11): e186 https://doi.org/10.1038/nutd.2015.36
  35. Prati D., Taioli E., Zanella A., et al., Updated definitions of healthy ranges for serum alanine aminotransferase levels. Annals of Internal Medicine. (2002);137(1) : 1 - 10. https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-137-1-200207020-00006
  36. Poustchi H., George J., Esmaili S., et al. Gender differences in healthy ranges for serum alanine aminotransferase levels in adolescence. PLoS One. (2011);6(6, article e21178) https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0021178
  37. R E Pratley, C Wilson, C Bogardus, Relation of the white blood cell count to obesity and insulin resistance: effect of race and gender, Obes Res. (1995) Nov;3(6) : 563 - 71. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1550-8528.1995.tb00191.x
  38. van Rossum EF., Obesity and cortisol: new perspectives on an old theme. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2017;25(3) : 500 - 501. https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.21774
  39. K.J. Rothman, BMI-related errors in the measurement of obesity, International Journal of Obesity (2008) 32, S56 - S59. https://doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2008.87
  40. Rabindra Nath Das, Diabetes and obesity determinants based on blood serum, conferenceseries.com, Journal of Diabetes & Metabolism Diabetes Meet (2018) Vol.9, July 30 - 31, 2018 Melbourne, Australia.
  41. Stranges S., Dorn J. M., Muti P., et al. Body fat distribution, relative weight, and liver enzyme levels: a population-based study. Hepatology. (2004);39(3) : 754 - 763. https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.20149
  42. Trefethen, Nick. "New BMI (Body Mass Index)". Ox.ac.uk. Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford. Retrieved 5 February (2019).
  43. Tanaka K, Ogata S, Tanaka H, Omura K, Honda C; Osaka Twin Research Group, et al. The relationship between body mass index and uric acid: a study on Japanese adult twins. Environ Health Prev Med. (2015); 20(5) : 347 - 53. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12199-015-0473-3
  44. C Walton, B Lees, D Crook, M Worthington, I F Godsland, J C Stevenson, Body fat distribution, rather than overall adiposity, influences serum lipids and lipoproteins in healthy men independently of age, Am J Med. (1995) Nov;99(5):459 - 64. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9343(99)80220-4
  45. Wang H, Wang L, Xie R, Dai W, Gao C, Shen P, et al. Association of Serum Uric Acid with Body Mass Index: A Cross-Sectional Study from Jiangsu Province, China. Iran J Public Health. (2014); 43(11) : 1503 - 9.
  46. Yanga F, Lv JH, Lei SF, Chena XD., Receiver-operating characteristic analyses of body mass index, waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio for obesity: Screening in young adults in central south of China. Clin Nut. (2006);25 : 1030 - 9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2006.04.009
  47. Yang Zou, Guotai Sheng, Meng Yu, Guobo Xie, The association between triglycerides and ectopic fat obesity: An inverted U-shaped curve, PLOS ONE, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0243068 November 30, (2020).
  48. https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/educational/lose-wt/risk.htm(accessed on at 07, May, 2021).
  49. https://www.myvmc.com/investigations/assessing-central-obesity-waist-circumference/(accessed on at 07, May, 2021).