DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

레벨 3 자율주행차량의 인적요인 가이드라인 연구 동향

A Study on Human Factors Guidelines for Level 3 Automated Vehicles

  • 발행 : 2020.12.01

초록

To solve social problems such as traffic accidents caused by human driver factors and to guarantee the convenience of movement, research on the commercialization of automated vehicles is being actively conducted worldwide. In automated driving levels 2 and 3, the driver must be ready to drive at any time as the automated driving system sometimes requires manual driving by the driver. The purpose of this research is to analyze the trends in global automated vehicle guidelines and prepare guidelines for the characteristics of human factors necessary for the control rights transition system of automated vehicles. To this end, we reviewed at the guidelines for automated vehicles in the US, Germany, and Japan; ISO international standards; domestic automated vehicle standards; and the EU AdaptiVe project. In addition, a guideline is presented that can be referenced and applied by organizations related to automated vehicle manufacturing and operation. It was developed by utilizing the results of our studies on the human factors affecting the guideline of control rights transition. As national laws and regulations and continuous technology development for commercialization of automated vehicles are in progress, further research into and the revision of guidelines for safe automated vehicle production and use should be continued.

키워드

과제정보

본 연구는 국토교통부 교통물류연구사업의 연구비지원[과제번호: 20TLRP-B131486-04, 자율주행자동차 차량·운전자 제어권전환 안전성 평가기술 및 사회적 수용성 연구 1단계]에 의해 수행되었습니다.

참고문헌

  1. 도로교통공단, "교통사고분석시스템," 2016.
  2. SAE J3016, "Taxonomy and Definitions for Terms Related to Driving Automation Systems for On-Road Motor Vehicles," Sep. 2016.
  3. 한국교통안전공단, "DVI 안전성 평가기술 및 사회적 수용성 연구," http://dvirnd.katri.kr
  4. National Transportation Safety Board, "NTSB's ReportCollision Between a Sport Utility Vehicle Operating With Partial Driving Automation," Feb. 25, 2020.
  5. NHTSA, "Federal Automated Vehicle Policy-Accelerating the Next Revolution in Roadway Safety," Sep. 2016, https://www.nhtsa.gov/document/federal-automated-vehicles-policy
  6. NHTSA, "Automated Driving Systems 2.0: A vision for Safety," Sep. 2017, https://www.nhtsa.gov/sites/nhtsa.dot.gov/files/documents/13069a-ads2.0_090617_v9a_tag.pdf
  7. USDOT, "Preparing for the Future of Transportation: Automated Vehicle 3.0(AV 3.0)," 2018, https://www.transportation.gov/sites/dot.gov/files/docs/policyinitiatives/automated-vehicles/320711/preparing-futuretransportation-automated-vehicle-30.pdf
  8. USDOT and White House Office of Science and Technology Policy, "Ensuring American Leadership in Automated Vehicle Technologies: Automated Vehicles 4.0(AV 4.0)," 2020, https://www.transportation.gov/sites/dot.gov/files/docs/policyinitiatives/automated-vehicles/360956/ensuringamericanleadershipav4.pdf
  9. German Road Traffic Act Amendment for AV(Automated Vehicle): Straßenverkehrsgesetz, "StVG," 2017.
  10. 일본 국토교통성 자동차국, "자율자동차의 안전기술가이드라인," 2018, https://www.mlit.go.jp/common/001253665.pdf
  11. UNECE, "Working party on automated/autonomous and connected vehicles (GRVA)," https://www.unece.org/trans/main/wp29/meeting_docs_grva.html
  12. ISO, "ISO-21959-1 Road vehicles-human performance and state in the context of automated driving part1," 2020.
  13. ISO, "ISO-21959-2 Road vehicles-human performance and state in the context of automated driving part2," 2020.
  14. AdaptiVe, "Final functional human factors recommendations, deliverable D3.3," April, 2017.
  15. 국토교통부, "자동차 및 자동차부품의 성능과 기준에 관한 규칙 [별표 27], 부분 자율주행시스템의 안전기준(제111조의3 관련)," 2019. 12.
  16. Transportation Research Board(TRB), "Human Factors and Human-Machine Interaction," in Proc Annual Road Vehicle Automation Workshop 2013, Stanford University, (California, CA, USA), 2013.
  17. K. Zeeb, A. Buchner and M. Schrauf, "What Determines the Take-over Time? An Integrated Model Approach of Driver Take-over after Automated Driving," Accident Analysis & Prevention, 2015, pp. 212-221.
  18. T. Louw, N. Merat, and H. Jamson, "Engaging with Highly Automated Driving: To be or not to be in the loop?," in Proc. Int. Driving Symp. Hum. Factors Driver Asses., Train. Vehicle Design, (Salt Lake City, UT, USA), 2015.
  19. C. Gold and K. Bengler, "Taking Over Control from Highly Automated Vehicles," in Proc Int. Conf. Appl. Hum. Factors Ergonomics, (Krakow, Poland), 2014.
  20. N. Merat et al., "Transition to manual: Driver behaviour when resuming control from a highly automated vehicle," Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 2014, pp. 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1369-8478(01)00010-9
  21. M. A. Regan, "New technologies in cars: Human factors and safety issues," Ergonomics Australia, 2004, pp. 6-16.
  22. M. Saffarian, J. de Winter, and R. Happee, "Automated Driving:Human-Factors Issues and Design Solutions," in Proc Hum. Factors Ergonomics Soc. Annual Meeting, 2012, pp. 2296-2300.
  23. P. Burns, "Safety and Human Factors Challenges for Emerging Vehicle Technologies [PowerPoint slides],"in Proc. Int. Conf. Urban Traffic Safety, 2014, http://www.trafficsafetyconference.com/present2014/E2-PeterBurnsPhD.pdf.
  24. J. S. Kim et al., Take-over performance analysis depending on the drivers' non-driving secondary tasks in automated vehicles, in Proc. Int. Conf. ICT Convergence, 2018.
  25. H. S. Kim et al., "A study on the Effects of Providing Situation Awareness Information for the Control Authority Transition of Automated Vehicle," in Proc. Int. Conf. ICT Convergence, 2019.
  26. W. J. Kim et al., "A Study on the Driver's Response Performance according to Modality of Planned TOR in Automated Driving," in Proc. Int. Conf. ICT Convergence, 2019.
  27. H. S. Kim et al., "An analysis of transition characteristics of driver control authority according to NDRT type," in Proc. Int. Symp. Future Active Safety Technology toward Zero Accidents, (Blacksburg, VA, USA), Sep. 2019.
  28. W. J. Kim et al., "Calculation and Validation of Driver's Readiness for Regaining Control from Autonomous Driving," Hum. Comput. Interact. Int. 2020.
  29. 김정숙 외, "주행 환경에 따른 조건부 자율주행차량 제어권전환 성능 연구," 대한 인간공학회 추계 학술대회, 2020.
  30. 김우진 외, "레벨 3 자율주행자동차 제어권전환 요청의 프리큐 영향 분석," 대한 인간공학회 추계 학술대회, 2020.
  31. H. S. Kim et al., "A Study on the Control Authority Transition Characteristics by Driver Information," in Proc. Int. Conf. Comput. Sci. Comput. Intell. (Las Vegas, NV, USA), 2019.
  32. ISO/DTR 23049, ISO TC 22/SC 39/WG 8, "Road Vehicles - Ergonomic aspects of external visual communication from automated vehicles to other road users," 2018. 2.
  33. 전자신문, "자율주행 기술개발 혁신사업 예타 통과... 7년간 1조 974억 투입," 2020. 4. 28.
  34. 국가법령정보센터, http://www.law.go.kr/
  35. 법률신문, "자율주행자동차 시대의 본격 개막-자율주행자동차 상용화 촉진 및 지원에 관한 법률 및 하위 법령 시행-" 2020. 5. 8.