Fire Science and Engineering (한국화재소방학회논문지)

Korean Institute of Fire Science and Engineering (한국화재소방학회)
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Impact of Fire Demand on Fire Service Budget

소방수요가 소방예산에 미치는 영향

  • Lee, Wonjoo (Division of Military Science, Daeduk University) ;
  • Lim, Jae Hoon (Department of Public Adminstration, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Moon, Kwang Min (Department of Public Adminstration, Chungnam National University)
  • Received : 2020.06.25
  • Accepted : 2020.07.21
  • Published : 2020.08.31
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Abstract

This paper aimed to statistically analyze the impact of fire needs not considered in previous reports based on preventive and preparedness strategies of fire administration and fire budget.. The panel data came from 16 metropolitan councils from 2008 to 2018 and was statistically analyzed based on the preventive measures of the fire administration (agreement for building permission, specific target for fire-fighting, public use facilities, and special fire inspection [SFI]), preparedness of the fire administration (fire safety education [FSE]), response of the fire administration (mobilization for fire suppression [MFS] and mobilization for ambulance service [MAS]), and fire budget. In the results, SFI, FSE, and MFS had a significant negative influence on the fire budget. Meanwhile, MAS had a significant positive effect on the fire budget (p < 0.01). These results reflect public policy in Korea; there has been a paradigm shift in fire administration: from disaster acceptance (focusing on recovery) to disaster response (focusing on field response) to disaster preparedness (focusing on preparedness).

본 연구는 선행연구에서 다뤄지지 않았던 예방소방과 대비소방을 수방수요에 포함시켜 소방예산에 미치는 영향을 실증적으로 분석하고자 수행되었다. 이를 위해 16개 광역자치단체에서 수행된 예방소방행정(건축허가동의, 특정 소방대상물, 다중이용업, 소방특별조사), 대비소방행정(소방교육 및 훈련), 대응소방행정(화재진압출동, 구급출동) 그리고 소방예산에 대한 11년(2008년-2018년)의 패널자료를 이용하여 실증분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과, 예비소방행정의 소방특별조사, 대비소방행정의 소방교육 및 훈련, 그리고 대응소방행정의 화재진압출동은 소방예산에 유의미한 음(-)의 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 한편, 대응소방행정의 구급출동은 0.01%수준에서 소방예산에 유의미한 양(+)의 효과를 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 우리나라 소방행정의 패러다임이 재난수용(복구중심)에서 재난대응(현장대응중심)을 지나 재난대비(대비중심)로 변화되고 있다는 공공정책을 지지하는 연구결과이다.

Keywords

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