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Numerical Study on Air Egress Velocity of Ancillary Room Pressurization Systems in Apartment Fires

공동주택 화재 시 부속실 가압 시스템의 방연풍속에 관한 수치해석적 연구

  • Kim, Byeongjun (Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Chungnam National Univ.) ;
  • Yang, Ying (Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Chungnam National Univ.) ;
  • Shin, Weon Gyu (Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Chungnam National Univ.)
  • 김병준 (충남대학교 기계공학과 대학원) ;
  • 양영 (충남대학교 기계공학과 대학원) ;
  • 신원규 (충남대학교 기계공학과)
  • Received : 2020.05.20
  • Accepted : 2020.07.13
  • Published : 2020.08.31

Abstract

In this study, numerical simulations were performed on the air egress velocity of pressurization systems in an ancillary room when a fire occurred in an apartment house. The relationship between the air supply flow rate of a damper and air egress velocity at a fire door is predicted to be linear. Additionally, a minimum flow rate of the damper, which meets national fire safety standards for air egress velocity, i.e., 0.7 m/s can be estimated. Air egress velocity at the fire door is analyzed according to the supply air direction and installation height of the damper. When the damper has an upward supply air direction and is installed at a high level, the egress velocity at the top section of the fire door is larger, whereas the soot concentration at the ancillary room is lower than when the supply direction of the damper is downward. Therefore, it is found that increasing the air egress velocity at the top section of the fire door helps to efficiently prevent the inflow of smoke.

본 연구에서는 공동주택 화재 시 부속실 가압 시스템의 방연풍속에 관하여 수치해석을 수행하였다. 수치해석을 통해 댐퍼의 급기량과 방화문에서의 방연풍속의 관계식을 선형적으로 나타내었고 국가화재안전기준인 방연풍속 0.7 m/s를 만족하는 댐퍼의 최소유량을 선정할 수 있었다. 댐퍼의 최소유량을 적용하여 댐퍼의 급기 방향과 설치 높이에 따라 방연속도를 분석하였다. 댐퍼의 급기 방향이 상향인 경우와 댐퍼가 높게 설치되었을 때 댐퍼의 급기 방향이 하향인 경우보다 방화문 상부에서 더 큰 방연풍속을 나타내었고 누출된 연기 농도가 더 낮은 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 따라서 방화문 상부에서 큰 방연풍속을 확보하는 것이 제연에 더 효율적일 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

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