Education of Primary School Mathematics (한국수학교육학회지시리즈C:초등수학교육)

Korean Society of Mathematical Education (한국수학교육학회)
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A Study on the Frames of Statistical Graphs in the Elementary School Mathematics Textbooks

초등학교 수학 교과서에서 통계 그래프의 틀에 대한 교육적 고찰

  • Received : 2020.06.15
  • Accepted : 2020.07.10
  • Published : 2020.10.31
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Abstract

Although there are various form of statistical graphs in the real world, the statistical graphs in elementary mathematics textbooks are very formalized by the pedagogical constraints. In this study, I examine the frames of statistical graphs and their educational importance, and analyze the frames in Korean, Australian, and MiC textbooks. As a result, the frames of statistical graphs in elementary mathematics textbooks (1) draws students' attention to the components of the graphs, (2) plays a supplementary role in students' drawing graphs by hands, and (3) helps to apply school mathematics to statistical problem solving in real life. The frames of statistical graphs in Korean textbooks is the form of tables focusing on (1) and (2), but these of MiC textbooks has various forms focusing on (3). On the other hand, Austalian textbooks introduced the table-form frames of statistical graphs at the lower graders, but gradually changed to the axis-form frames as the grade level increased. Based on this, a recommendation was drawn on how to deal with the frames of statistical graphs in elementary mathematics textbooks.

일상에서는 통계 그래프의 형태가 매우 다양하지만, 초등학교 수학 교과서에 제시되는 통계 그래프는 교수학적 맥락에 의해 그 틀이 매우 정형화되어 있다. 본 연구에서는 초등학교 수학 교과서에 제시되는 통계 그래프 틀의 교육적인 의의를 고찰하고, 우리나라, 호주, 그리고 MiC 수학 교과서에 제시된 그래프 틀을 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 초등학교 수학 교과서에서 통계 그래프의 틀은 (1) 그래프의 구성 요소에 주목하게 하고, (2) 그래프를 그릴 때 보조적인 역할을 하며, (3) 학습 내용을 통계적 문제해결에 적용하도록 돕는 역할을 한다. 우리나라의 초등학교 수학 교과서는 (1)과 (2)에 주목한 표 형태의 그래프 틀을, MiC 교과서는 (3)에 주목한 다양한 형태의 그래프 틀을 제시하고 있었다. 따라서 저학년 수준에서는 표 형태의 그래프 틀을 이용하였으나, 학년이 올라갈수록 축 형태의 그래프 틀로 점진적인 변화를 추구했던 호주의 초등학교 수학 교과서 사례를 참고할 필요가 있다.

Keywords

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