DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Performance-based design of tall buildings for wind load and application of response modification factor

  • Alinejad, Hamidreza (Dept. of Architecture and Architectural Engineering, Seoul National University) ;
  • Jeong, Seung Yong (Dept. of Architecture and Architectural Engineering, Seoul National University) ;
  • Kang, Thomas H.K. (Dept. of Architecture and Architectural Engineering, Seoul National University)
  • 투고 : 2019.08.21
  • 심사 : 2020.04.04
  • 발행 : 2020.08.25

초록

In the design of buildings, lateral loading is one of the most important factors considered by structural designers. The concept of performance-based design (PBD) is well developed for seismic load. Whereas, wind design is mainly based on elastic analysis for both serviceability and strength. For tall buildings subject to extreme wind load, inelastic behavior and application of the concept of PBD bear consideration. For seismic design, current practice primarily presumes inelastic behavior of the structure and that energy is dissipated by plastic deformation. However, due to analysis complexity and computational cost, calculations used to predict inelastic behavior are often performed using elastic analysis and a response modification factor (R). Inelastic analysis is optionally performed to check the accuracy of the design. In this paper, a framework for application of an R factor for wind design is proposed. Theoretical background on the application and implementation is provided. Moreover, seismic and wind fatigue issues are explained for the purpose of quantifying the modification factor R for wind design.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. AIJ (2004), Recommendations on Loads for Buildings, Architectural Institute of Japan, Tokyo, Japan.
  2. Alinejad, H. and Kang, T.H.K. (2020), "Engineering review of ASCE 7-16 wind-load provisions and wind effect on tall concrete-frame buildings," J. Struct. Eng., 146(6), 04020100-1-13. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0002622.
  3. AS/NZS 1170.2-2011 (2011), Australian/New Zealand Standard -Structural Design Actions, Part 2: Wind Actions, Joint Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand Committee, BD-006, General Design Requirements and Loading on Structures; Wellington, New Zealand.
  4. ASCE (2019), Prestandard for Performance-Based Wind Design, American Society of Civil Engineers; Reston, V.A., U.S.A.
  5. ASCE 41-17 (2017), Seismic Evaluation and Retrofit of Existing Buildings, American Society of Civil Engineers; Reston, V.A., U.S.A.
  6. ASCE 7-16 (2016), Minimum Design Loads and Associated Criteria for Buildings and Other Structures, American Society of Civil Engineers; Reston, V.A., U.S.A.
  7. Bakhshi, A. and Nikbakht, H. (2011), "Loading pattern and spatial distribution of dynamic wind load and comparison of wind and earthquake effects along the height of tall buildings", Proceedings of the 8th International Conference of Structural Dynamics, EURODYN, 1607-1614.
  8. Bommer, J.J. and Martinez-Pereira, A. (1999), "The effective duration of earthquake strong motion", Journal of Earthquake Engineering, 3(2), 127-172. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632469909350343
  9. Brown, J. and Kunnath, S.K. (2004), "Low-cycle fatigue failure of reinforcing steel bars", Mater. J., 101(6), 457-466.
  10. Chen, X. and Kareem, A. (2004), "Equivalent static wind loads on buildings: new model", J. Struct. Eng., 130(10), 1425-1435. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2004)130:10(1425).
  11. Chen, X. and Kareem, A. (2005a), "Coupled dynamic analysis and equivalent static wind loads on buildings with three-dimensional modes", J. Struct. Eng., 131(7), 1071-1082. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2005)131:7(1071).
  12. Chen, X. and Kareem, A. (2005b), "Dynamic wind effects on buildings with 3D coupled modes: application of high frequency force balance measurements", J. Eng. Mech., 131(11), 1115-1125. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(2005)131:11(1115).
  13. Chopra, A.K. (2017), Dynamics of Structures: Theory and Applications to Earthquake Engineering, Pearson, London, U.K.
  14. CSI (2016), ETABS Integrated Building Design Software Version 2016, Computers and Structures, Inc.; Walnut Creek, C.A., U.S.A.
  15. Davenport, A.G. (1967), "Gust loading factors", J. Struct. Div., 93(3), 11-34. https://doi.org/10.1061/JSDEAG.0001692
  16. Der Kiureghian, A. (1981), "A response spectrum method for random vibration analysis of MDF systems", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 9(5), 419-435. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.4290090503
  17. Durst, C.S. (1960), "The statistical variation of wind with distance", Quart. J. Royal Meteorol. Soc., 86, 543-549. https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.49708637012.
  18. El Damatty, A.A. and Elezaby, F.Y. (2018), "The integration of wind and structural engineering", The 2018 World Congress on Advances in Civil, Environmental, & Materials Research (ACEM18), Songdo, Korea.
  19. FEMA 356 (2000), Prestandard and Commentary for the Seismic Rehabilitation of Buildings, Federal Emergency Management Agency, Washington, D.C., U.S.A.
  20. FEMA 440 (2005). Improvement of Nonlinear Static Seismic Analysis Procedures, Federal Emergency Management Agency, Washington, D.C., USA.
  21. Gani, F. and Legeron, F. (2012), "Relationship between specified ductility and strength demand reduction for single degree-of-freedom systems under extreme wind events", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 109, 31-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2012.06.006.
  22. Huang, M., Tse, K.T., Chan, C.M., Kwok, K.C., Hitchcock, P.A. and Lou, W. (2011), "Mode shape linearization and correction in coupled dynamic analysis of wind-excited tall buildings", Struct. Des. Tall Spec. Build., 20(3), 327-348. https://doi.org/10.1002/tal.620.
  23. ISO 4354-2012 (2009), Wind Actions on Structures, International Organization for Standardization, Ethiopian Standards Agency; Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
  24. Isyumov, N. (2012), "Alan G. Davenport's mark on wind engineering", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 104, 12-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2012.02.007.
  25. Kang, T.H.-K., Jeong, S.Y. and Alinejad, H. (2019), "Understanding of wind load determination according to KBC 2016 and its application to high-rise buildings", J. Wind Eng. Institute Korea, 23(2), 83-89.
  26. Kang, T.H.-K., Kim, W., Massone, L.M. and Galleguillos, T.A. (2012), "Shear-flexure coupling behavior of steel fiber-reinforced concrete beams", ACI Structural Journal, 109(4), 435-444.
  27. Kang, T.H.-K., Martin, R.D., Park, H.-G., Wilkerson, R. and Youssef, N. (2013), "Tall building with steel plate shear walls subject to load reversal", Struct. Des. Tall Spec. Build., 22(6), 500-520. https://doi.org/10.1002/tal.700.
  28. KBC (2016), Korea Building Code, Architectural Institute of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
  29. Koh, S.K. and Stephens, R.I. (1991), "Mean stress effects on low cycle fatigue for a high strength steel", Fatigue Fract. Eng. Mater. Struct., 14(4), 413-428. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1991.tb00672.x.
  30. Merrick, R. and Bitsuamlak, G. (2009), "Shape effects on the wind-induced response of high-rise buildings", J. Wind Eng., 6(2), 1-18.
  31. Mohammadi, A., Azizinamini, A., Griffis, L. and Irwin, P. (2018), "Performance assessment of an existing 47-story high-rise building under extreme wind loads", J. Struct. Eng., 145(1), 04018232. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0002239.
  32. PEER/ATC 72-1 (2010), Modeling and Acceptance Criteria for Seismic Design and Analysis of Tall Buildings, Applied Technology Council; Redwood, U.S.A.
  33. Probst, A.D., Kang, T.H.-K., Ramseyer, C. and Kim, U. (2010), "Composite flexural behavior of full-scale concrete filled tubes with axial loads," J. Struct. Eng., 136(11), 1401-1412. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000241.
  34. TBI (2017), Guidelines for Performance-based Seismic Design of Tall Buildings, Tall Building Initiative, Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center; Berkeley, C.A., U.S.A.
  35. Zhang, W.J., Xu, Y.L. and Kwok, K.C.S. (1995), "Interference effects on aeroelastic torsional response of structurally asymmetric tall buildings", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 57(1), 41-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-6105(94)00098-X.
  36. Zhou, Y. and Kareem, A. (2000), "Torsional load effects on buildings under wind", Advan. Technol. Struct. Eng., 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1061/40492(2000)84.
  37. Zhou, Y. and Kareem, A. (2001), "Gust loading factor: new model", J. Struct. Eng., 127(2), 168-175. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2001)127:2(168).

피인용 문헌

  1. Performance-based wind design framework proposal for tall buildings vol.32, pp.4, 2020, https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2021.32.4.283