Journal of Digital Convergence (디지털융복합연구)

The Society of Digital Policy and Management (한국디지털정책학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Effect of Parents, Peer, Teacher Attachment & Depression on Self-Concept in Adolescents

부모, 또래 및 교사와의 애착과 우울이 청소년의 자아개념에 미치는 영향

  • Lee, Young-Ok (Department of Nursing, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Sung, Kyung-Mi (College of Nursing.Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University)
  • 이영옥 (경상대학교 간호대학) ;
  • 성경미 (경상대학교 간호대학.건강과학연구원)
  • Received : 2020.08.03
  • Accepted : 2020.10.20
  • Published : 2020.10.28
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study was done to examine parents, peer, teacher attachment, depression, and self-conception in adolescents. A survey using a structured questionnaire was conducted with 2,3 grade students of middle school located in 137 subjects. Data were analyzed using an independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and multiple stepwise regression analysis with the SPSS WIN 22.0 program. There was a significant difference in parents attachment(F=13.878, p<.001), peer attachment(F=7.431, p<.001), teacher attachment(F=7.425, p<.001), depression(F=13.241, p<.001), and self-conception(F=13.136, p<.001) according to participants' school grades. In the correlations of study variables, self-conception showed statistically significant correlations with parents, peer and teacher attachment in aspects of positive, and depression in aspect of negative. Participants' depression explained 61% of variance in self-conception. Findings from this study should be useful in the development of programs to promote participants' self-concept through their depression as a major problem in adolescent mental health.

본 연구의 목적은 청소년의 부모, 또래 및 교사와의 애착, 우울 및 자아개념 정도를 조사하고 이들 변인이 자아개념에 미치는 영향 정도를 파악하기 위한 것이다. 연구방법은 서술적 조사연구로 G도에 위치한 중학교에 재학중인 2,3학년 학생을 대상으로 설문조사를 시행하였으며 모두 137명이었다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS/WIN 22.0 program을 이용하여 독립표본 t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, multiple stepwise regression으로 분석하였다. 연구결과 일반적 특성에 따른 차이는 대상자의 성적이 높을수록 부모애착(F=13.878, p<.001), 또래애착(F=7.431, p=.001), 교사애착(F=7.425, p=.001), 우울(F=13.241, p<.001) 및 자아개념(F=13.136, p<.001) 모두 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 연구변수들 간의 상관관계에서는 자아개념은 부모, 또래 및 교사애착과 양의 상관관계, 우울과는 음의 상관관계를 보였다. 자아개념에 영향을 미치는 요인은 우울이었으며 설명력은 61%로 높았다. 따라서 향후 청소년 정신건강의 주요 문제가 되고 있는 우울을 중재함으로써 긍정적 자아개념이 형성될 수 있도록 하는 자아개념 프로그램 개발이 필요하다.

Keywords

References

  1. T. H. Park & K. H. Lee(2014). The Effects of Parental and Peer Attachment, Depression on the Self-Esteem in Adolescents. The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education 20(3), 353-361. http://dx.doi.org/10.5977/jkasne.2014.20.3.353
  2. E. H. Erickson. (1963). Childhood and society. New York: Norton.
  3. B. A. Braken. (1992). Examiner's manual for the multidimensional self concept scale. Austin, TX:Pro-Ed.
  4. M. Y. Kim. (2010). The development of child. Seoul: Jungmunsa.
  5. I. S. Song. (2013). Self-concept, Seoul: Hakjisa.
  6. B. M. Gfelner & H. D. Armstrong. (2012). Ego development, ego strengths, and ethnic identity among first nation adolescents. Journal of Research Adolescent, 22(2), 225-234. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-7795.2011.00769.x
  7. N. N. Shin. & H. S. Doh. (2000). Interaction effects of Parent-child Relationship and School Adjustment on adolescent self-concept. Journal of Korean Home Management Association 18(3), 99-113.
  8. I. S. Song. (1989), The developmental and differentiated changes in dimensionality self-concept across age. Journal of Education Research, 27(1), 85-103.
  9. J. K. Lee. (2012). A longitudinal effects of parent attachment, peer attachment and teacher attachment on delinquency in adolescence. Journal of Adolescent Welfare, 14(2), 51-73.
  10. J. Bowlby. (1969). Attachment and loss. Vol.1. attachment, New York: Basic.
  11. G. C. Armsden & M. T. Greenberg. (1987). The inventory of parent and peer attachment: Individual differences and their relationship to psychological well-being in adolescence. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 16(5), 427-454. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02202939
  12. S. H. Oh. (1998). The relation among adolescent's attachment self esteem and depression. Unpublished master's thesis, Seogang University, Seoul.
  13. M. D. Ainsworth. (1979). Infant-mother attachment. American Psychologist, 34, 932-937. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.34.10.932
  14. Y. Y. Chae. (2006). Correlation among middle school students' attachment, self-esteem and school adjustment. Unpublished master's thesis, Yonsei University, Seoul.
  15. C. Howes & C. E. ,Hamilton. (1993). The changing experience of child care: changes in teachers and in teacher-child relationships and children's social competence with peers, Early childhood Research Quarterly, 8, 15-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0885-2006(05)80096-1
  16. J. B. Kim & N. H. Kim. (2009). Validation of Student-Teacher Attachment Relationship Scale(STARS) as a basis for evaluating teachers' educational competencies. The Korean Journal of Educational Psychology 23(4), 12, 697-714.
  17. E. J. Oh & K. M. Sung. (2018). A Structural Model of Self-Concept among Children and Adolescents from Multicultural Families Based on the Ecological Systems Model. Journal of East-West nursing research, 24(2), 171-181. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.14370/jewnr.2018.24.2.171
  18. I. S. Choi. (2012). Effect of maternal parenting behavior on early adolescents' depression, according to sex: Moderating effects of socialsupport and negative emotional experience. Korean Journal of Youth Studies, 19, 136-160.
  19. E. G. Lee & S. Y. Park. (2011). The structural relationships between parent's phsychological control, adolescents' depressive experiences, depression, and self-esteem and the importance of self-identity status. The Korean Journal of Human Development, 18(4), 101-123.
  20. C. A., Essau, J. Conradt, & F. Petremann. (2000). Frequency, comorbidity and psychosocial impairment of depressive disorders in adolescents. Journal of Adolescents Reseach, 15, 470-481. https://doi.org/10.1177/0743558400154003
  21. K. M. Sung. (2012). Development of a self-evaluation scale to measure self-concept for children and adolescent. Journal of Korean of psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 21(4), 292-302. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.12934/jkpmhn.2012.21.4.292
  22. H. K. Kang. (2017). Mediating Effect of Self-Esteem on the Relationship between Attachment and Depression in Adolescents. Journal of the Korean contents association, 17(9), 353-362. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.5392/JKCA.2017.17.09.353
  23. S. K. Yoo, S. L. Park & M. H. Hwang. (2010). Validation of Korean inventory of parent and peer attachment. The Korean Journal of Elementary Counseling, 9(10), 21-39.
  24. J. Ok. (1998). The relationship between attachment security and depression in adolescence. Unpublished master's thesis. Ewha Womans University. Seoul.
  25. M. Kovacs. (1981). Rating scales to assess depression in school-aged children. Acta Paedopsychiatrica: International Journal of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 46(5), 305-315.
  26. E. G. Han. (1993). Children's and adolescents' depression, attributional style and academic achievement. Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association, 32(3), 147-157.
  27. E. J. Kim. (2015). The Effect of Parent's Forced Academic Comparison on Adolescent Problems: Focusing on Academic Inferiority, Depression and Smart Phone Addiction, Journal of Youth Welfare, 17(1), 357-381.
  28. H. Y. Ahn, H. J. Hyun, J. M. Choi, S. M. Park & J. H. Lee. (2014). Effects of Parental and Peer Attachment School Adjustment on Depression among Female Middle School Students. Journal of Korean Soc School Health, 27(3), 140-147. https://doi.org/10.15434/kssh.2014.27.3.140
  29. B. Kim & Y. S. Choi. (2012). Elementary school children's self-concept and school life adjustment according to attachment types of parents, teachers and peers. Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association, 50(1), 1-13. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.6115/khea.2012.50.1.001
  30. E. J. Yoon & H. S. Kim. (2005), The relationship among types of life-style, mental health and school-related adjustment of adolescents. Journal Adolescent Welfare, 7, 105-120.
  31. M. H. Kim. (2012), Comparison of the Effect of Maum Meditation Program on the Depression, Anxiety and Self-esteem of the Children and the Juveniles. The Journal of the Korea Contents Association, 12(4), 338-348. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5392/JKCA.2012.12.04.338
  32. K. M.Sung. (2015). Effect of program to enhance ego-development on general mental health, self-concept, and depression in elementary school students from low income families. Journal of Korean Academic Psychiatri mental Health Nursing, 24(2), 83-81. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.12934/jkpmhn.2015.24.2.73
  33. K M. Sung, M. S., Hyun, H. S. Shin, W. J. Hwang, J. H. Jin &, H. R. Park. Human growth and development: theory & practice. Seoul: Komoonsa; 2017.
  34. S. R. Lee & Y. J. Oh. (2008). The effects of parenting behavior and peer relationships on adolescent self-concept development. Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association, 46(9), 113-123.
  35. E. H. Kim. (1992). The types of teacher's leadership perceived by students and their self-concepts. Unpublished master's thesis, The Graduate School of Education, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.
  36. K. M. Sung, O. K. Ham & H. J. Lee. (2012). A Comparative Study on Physical Self-concept, Academic Self-concept and Depression of Obese and Over-weight and Normal Weight Children in Elementary Schools. Journal of Korean Society School Health, 24(2), 192-203.