Korean journal of applied entomology (한국응용곤충학회지)

Korean Society of Applied Entomology (한국응용곤충학회)
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Effect of Pesticide on Biological Traits of an Orb-web Spider, Trichonephila clavata Koch (Araneae: Araneidae) in Pinus densiflora Forests in Mt. Geumjeong, Korea

살충제 살포가 금정산 소나무림 내 무당거미(거미목 : 왕거미과)의 생물적 형질에 미치는 영향

  • Jung, Jong-Kook (Division of Forest Insect Pests and Diseases, National Institute of Forest Science) ;
  • Kim, Junheon (Division of Forest Insect Pests and Diseases, National Institute of Forest Science) ;
  • Kim, Dongsoo (Division of Forest Insect Pests and Diseases, National Institute of Forest Science) ;
  • Jung, Chuleui (Department of Plant medicine, Andong National University)
  • 정종국 (국립산림과학원 산림병해충연구과) ;
  • 김준헌 (국립산림과학원 산림병해충연구과) ;
  • 김동수 (국립산림과학원 산림병해충연구과) ;
  • 정철의 (안동대학교 식물의학과)
  • Received : 2020.06.30
  • Accepted : 2020.08.10
  • Published : 2020.09.01
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Abstract

Debates over the ecological and public health impacts of aerial pesticide sprays are increasing. This is particularly true for controlling Monochamus beetles, which are vector insects of pinewood nematodes. In 2017, adult female orb-web spiders, Trichonephila clavata, were sampled from pine forests in Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea, where the aerial pesticide spray, fenitrothion or thiacloprid, was used for several decades. The biological traits of the spiders (body weight, body length, carapace width, and total hind leg length) were compared among treatment sites (no-spray, sprayed three times, and sprayed five times), and differences were observed. The body length, carapace width, and total hind leg length of the spiders in the sprayed areas were significantly shorter than in the no-spray area, but there were no differences between the area sprayed three or five times. These results indicate that repeated exposures to an aerial pesticide spray can alter morphological parameters, which influences population-level fitness. Future studies should monitor the spider long-term responses to pesticides (a direct effect) and prey availability (an indirect effect).

최근 소나무재선충의 매개충을 방제하기 위한 방제법으로 널리 이용되고 있는 항공방제의 환경 영향에 대한 논의가 계속되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 2017년 경남 양산 금정산 일대를 무처리구와 처리구(3회 살포 및 5회 살포)로 구분한 뒤, 유인항공기로 살포된 티아클로프리드가 비표적 절지동물인 무당거미의 생물적 형질(체중, 체장, 머리가슴의 폭 및 뒷다리 전체 길이)에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 2017년 10월 11일에 각 조사구에서 성숙한 무당거미 암컷 성충을 채집하였다. 조사 결과, 무당거미의 생물적 형질은 살충제 살포 여부에 따라 통계적으로 유의하게 달라졌는데, 특히 체장, 머리가슴의 폭, 그리고 뒷다리의 전체 길이는 항공방제구에서 채집된 무당거미가 무처리구에서 잡힌 개체에 비해 짧은 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 살충제 살포 횟수에 따른 차이는 관찰되지 않았다. 결론적으로 무당거미의 형태적 특성은 살충제 살포에 의해 직접적 또는 간접적으로 영향을 받았을 가능성이 있으며, 이는 장기적으로 개체군의 건강성에 영향을 줄 것이라 생각된다. 따라서 향후 장기적으로 살충제(직접 효과)와 먹이 가용성(간접 효과)에 대한 무당거미의 반응에 대한 모니터링이 수행되어야 할 것이다.

Keywords

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