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Analysis of Relationship between the Spatial Characteristics of the Elderly Population Distribution and Heat Wave based on GIS - focused on Changwon City -

GIS 기반 노인인구 분포지역의 공간적 특성과 폭염의 관계 분석 - 창원시를 대상으로 -

  • SONG, Bong-Geun (Institute of Industrial Technology, Changwon National University) ;
  • PARK, Kyung-Hun (School of Civil, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Changwon National University) ;
  • KIM, Gyeong-Ah (Institute of Industrial Technology, Changwon National University) ;
  • KIM, Seoung-Hyeon (Dept. of Smart Ocean Environmental Energy, Changwon National University) ;
  • Park, Geon-Ung (Dept. of Smart Ocean Environmental Energy, Changwon National University) ;
  • MUN, Han-Sol (Dept. of Environmental Engineering, Changwon National University)
  • 송봉근 (창원대학교 산업기술연구원) ;
  • 박경훈 (창원대학교 토목환경화공융합공학부) ;
  • 김경아 (창원대학교 산업기술연구원) ;
  • 김성현 (창원대학교 스마트해양환경에너지공학협동과정) ;
  • 박건웅 (창원대학교 스마트해양환경에너지공학협동과정) ;
  • 문한솔 (창원대학교 환경공학과)
  • Received : 2020.06.18
  • Accepted : 2020.08.10
  • Published : 2020.09.30

Abstract

This study analyzed the relationship between spatial characteristics and heat waves in the distribution area of the elderly population in Changwon, Gyeongsangnam-do. For analysis, the Statistics Census data, the Ministry of Environment land cover, Landsat 8 surface temperature, and the Meteorological Agency's heat wave days data were used. The spatial characteristics of the distribution of the elderly population was classified into 5 types through K-mean cluster analysis considering the land use types. The characteristics of the elderly population by spatial type were higher in the urbanized type(cluster-3), but the proportion of the elderly population was higher in the agricultural and forest area types(cluster-1, cluster-2). In the characteristics of the surface temperature and the heat wave days, the surface temperature was the highest in the urban area, but heat wave days were the highest in the rural area. As a result of analyzing the heat wave characteristics according to the spatial type of the distribution area of elderly population, cluster-2 with the largest area in agricultural areas was highest at 15.95 days, and cluster-3 with a large area in urbanized types was the lowest at 9.41 days and 9.18 days. In other words, the elderly population living in rural areas is more exposed to heat waves than the elderly population living in urban areas, and the damage is expected to increase. The results of this study could be used as basic data to prepare various policy measures for effective management and prevention of vulnerable areas in summer.

본 연구에서는 경상남도 창원시를 대상으로 노인인구 분포지역의 공간적 특성과 폭염과의 관계를 분석하였다. 이를 위해 통계청의 인구센서스 자료와 환경부 토지피복도, Landsat 8 지표면온도, 기상청의 폭염일수 자료를 활용하였다. 노인인구 분포의 공간적 특성은 토지이용특성을 고려하여 K-mean 군집화 분석을 통해 총 5개 유형으로 분류하였다. 공간유형별 노인인구 특성은 도시화된 유형(cluster-3)에서 노인인구의 수가 많았으나, 농촌지역과 산림지역에 분포하는 유형(cluster-1, cluster-2)에서는 노인인구의 구성 비율이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 지표면온도와 폭염일수 특성에서는 도시지역에서 지표면온도가 가장 높았으나 폭염일수는 농촌지역이 가장 많았다. 노인인구 분포지역의 공간유형에 따른 폭염 특성을 분석한 결과, 농촌지역 면적이 많은 cluster-2가 15.95일로 가장 높았고, 도시화된 유형인 cluster-3은 9.41일로 가장 낮았다. 즉, 도시지역에 거주하는 노인인구보다 농촌지역에 거주하는 노인인구가 폭염에 더욱 노출되어 있으며, 피해가 가중될 것으로 예상된다. 본 연구의 결과는 여름철 폭염 취약지역의 효과적인 관리와 사전 예방을 위한 다양한 정책방안을 마련하는데 기초적인 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

Keywords

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