Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging

  • 제24권3호
  • /
  • Pages.141-153
  • /
  • 2020
  • /
  • 2384-1095(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2384-1109(eISSN)
대한자기공명의과학회 (Korean Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Phantom-Validated Reference Values of Myocardial Mapping and Extracellular Volume at 3T in Healthy Koreans

  • Lee, Eunjin (Department of Radiology, Suwon St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea) ;
  • Kim, Pan Ki (Radiology Department, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Center for Clinical Imaging Data Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine) ;
  • Choi, Byoung Wook (Radiology Department, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Center for Clinical Imaging Data Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine) ;
  • Jung, Jung Im (Department of Radiology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea)
  • 투고 : 2020.04.27
  • 심사 : 2020.06.29
  • 발행 : 2020.09.30
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

Purpose: Myocardial T1 and T2 relaxation times are affected by technical factors such as cardiovascular magnetic resonance platform/vendor. We aimed to validate T1 and T2 mapping sequences using a phantom; establish reference T1, T2, and extracellular volume (ECV) measurements using two sequences at 3T in normal Koreans; and compare the protocols and evaluate the differences from previously reported measurements. Materials and Methods: Eleven healthy subjects underwent cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using 3T MRI equipment (Verio, Siemens, Erlangen, Germany). We did phantom validation before volunteer scanning: T1 mapping with modified look locker inversion recovery (MOLLI) with 5(3)3 and 4(1)3(1)2 sequences, and T2 mapping with gradient echo (GRE) and TrueFISP sequences. We did T1 and T2 mappings on the volunteers with the same sequences. ECV was also calculated with both sequences after gadolinium enhancement. Results: The phantom study showed no significant differences from the gold standard T1 and T2 values in either sequence. Pre-contrast T1 relaxation times of the 4(1)3(1)2 protocol was 1142.27 ± 36.64 ms and of the 5(3)3 was 1266.03 ± 32.86 ms on the volunteer study. T2 relaxation times of GRE were 40.09 ± 2.45 ms and T2 relaxation times of TrueFISP were 38.20 ± 1.64 ms in each. ECV calculation was 24.42% ± 2.41% and 26.11% ± 2.39% in the 4(1)3(1)2 and 5(3)3 protocols, respectively, and showed no differences at any segment or slice between the sequences. We also calculated ECV from the pre-enhancement T1 relaxation time of MOLLI 5(3)3 and the post-enhancement T1 relaxation time of MOLLI 4(1)3(1)2, with no significant differences between the combinations. Conclusion: Using phantom-validated sequences, we reported the normal myocardial T1, T2, and ECV reference values of healthy Koreans at 3T. There were no statistically significant differences between the sequences, although it has limited statistical value due to the small number of subjects studied. ECV showed no significant differences between calculations based on various pre- and post-mapping combinations.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Marijianowski MM, Teeling P, Mann J, Becker AE. Dilated cardiomyopathy is associated with an increase in the type I/type III collagen ratio: a quantitative assessment. J Am Coll Cardiol 1995;25:1263-1272 https://doi.org/10.1016/0735-1097(94)00557-7
  2. Kellman P, Wilson JR, Xue H, Ugander M, Arai AE. Extracellular volume fraction mapping in the myocardium, part 1: evaluation of an automated method. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2012;14:63 https://doi.org/10.1186/1532-429X-14-63
  3. Moon JC, Messroghli DR, Kellman P, et al. Myocardial T1 mapping and extracellular volume quantification: a Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (SCMR) and CMR Working Group of the European Society of Cardiology consensus statement. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2013;15:92 https://doi.org/10.1186/1532-429X-15-92
  4. Cerqueira MD, Weissman NJ, Dilsizian V, et al. Standardized myocardial segmentation and nomenclature for tomographic imaging of the heart. A statement for healthcare professionals from the Cardiac Imaging Committee of the Council on Clinical Cardiology of the American Heart Association. Circulation 2002;105:539-542 https://doi.org/10.1161/hc0402.102975
  5. Stanisz GJ, Odrobina EE, Pun J, et al. T1, T2 relaxation and magnetization transfer in tissue at 3T. Magn Reson Med 2005;54:507-512 https://doi.org/10.1002/mrm.20605
  6. Dall'Armellina E, Piechnik SK, Ferreira VM, et al. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance by non contrast T1-mapping allows assessment of severity of injury in acute myocardial infarction. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2012;14:15 https://doi.org/10.1186/1532-429X-14-15
  7. Piechnik SK, Ferreira VM, Dall'Armellina E, et al. Shortened Modified Look-Locker Inversion recovery (ShMOLLI) for clinical myocardial T1-mapping at 1.5 and 3 T within a 9 heartbeat breathhold. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2010;12:69 https://doi.org/10.1186/1532-429X-12-69
  8. von Knobelsdorff-Brenkenhoff F, Prothmann M, Dieringer MA, et al. Myocardial T1 and T2 mapping at 3 T: reference values, influencing factors and implications. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2013;15:53 https://doi.org/10.1186/1532-429X-15-53
  9. Dabir D, Child N, Kalra A, et al. Reference values for healthy human myocardium using a T1 mapping methodology: results from the International T1 Multicenter cardiovascular magnetic resonance study. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2014;16:69 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12968-014-0069-x
  10. Rogers T, Dabir D, Mahmoud I, et al. Standardization of T1 measurements with MOLLI in differentiation between health and disease--the ConSept study. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2013;15:78 https://doi.org/10.1186/1532-429X-15-78
  11. Dong Y, Yang D, Han Y, et al. Age and gender impact the measurement of myocardial interstitial fibrosis in a healthy adult chinese population: a cardiac magnetic resonance study. Front Physiol 2018;9:140 https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2018.00140
  12. Puntmann VO, Voigt T, Chen Z, et al. Native T1 mapping in differentiation of normal myocardium from diffuse disease in hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathy. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2013;6:475-484 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcmg.2012.08.019
  13. Markl M, Rustogi R, Galizia M, et al. Myocardial T2-mapping and velocity mapping: changes in regional left ventricular structure and function after heart transplantation. Magn Reson Med 2013;70:517-526 https://doi.org/10.1002/mrm.24472
  14. Schelbert EB, Testa SM, Meier CG, et al. Myocardial extravascular extracellular volume fraction measurement by gadolinium cardiovascular magnetic resonance in humans: slow infusion versus bolus. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2011;13:16 https://doi.org/10.1186/1532-429X-13-16
  15. Piechnik SK, Ferreira VM, Lewandowski AJ, et al. Normal variation of magnetic resonance T1 relaxation times in the human population at 1.5 T using ShMOLLI. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2013;15:13 https://doi.org/10.1186/1532-429X-15-13
  16. Liu CY, Liu YC, Wu C, et al. Evaluation of age-related interstitial myocardial fibrosis with cardiac magnetic resonance contrast-enhanced T1 mapping: MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis). J Am Coll Cardiol 2013;62:1280-1287 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2013.05.078
  17. Olivetti G, Giordano G, Corradi D, et al. Gender differences and aging: effects on the human heart. J Am Coll Cardiol 1995;26:1068-1079 https://doi.org/10.1016/0735-1097(95)00282-8