Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science (한국산림과학회지)

Korean Society of Forest Science (한국산림과학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effect of Location Environments on Early Growth of Wild-simulated Ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer) Seedlings in Larix kaempferi and Mixed Forest

일본잎갈나무림과 침활혼효림의 입지환경이 산양삼 종묘의 초기 생육에 미치는 영향

  • Kim, Kiyoon (Forest Medicinal Resources Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science) ;
  • Um, Yurry (Forest Medicinal Resources Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science) ;
  • Jeong, Dae-Hui (Forest Medicinal Resources Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science) ;
  • Eo, Hyun-Ji (Forest Medicinal Resources Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science) ;
  • Jeon, Kwon-Seok (Forest Medicinal Resources Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science) ;
  • Kim, Hyun-Jun (Forest Medicinal Resources Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science)
  • 김기윤 (국립산림과학원 산림약용자원연구소) ;
  • 엄유리 (국립산림과학원 산림약용자원연구소) ;
  • 정대희 (국립산림과학원 산림약용자원연구소) ;
  • 어현지 (국립산림과학원 산림약용자원연구소) ;
  • 전권석 (국립산림과학원 산림약용자원연구소) ;
  • 김현준 (국립산림과학원 산림약용자원연구소)
  • Received : 2020.04.01
  • Accepted : 2020.09.01
  • Published : 2020.09.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study investigated the environmental location effects that Larix kaempferi and mixed forests had on the early growth of wild-simulated ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer) seedlings. Experimental plots were created in Larix kaempferi and mixed forests, and confirmed the location environments and growth characteristics of wild-simulated ginseng seedling. Our results showed that the soil properties, such as soil organic matter, total nitrogen, and cation exchangeable capacity were significantly higher in the mixed forest soil compared to the Larix kaempferi forest soil. Likewise, the growth characteristics of wild-simulated ginseng seedlings were significantly higher in mixed forestsd compare to the Larix kaempferi forest. Correlation analysis between tree species ratio, soil properties, and growth characteristics in the experimental plots determined that the soil properties and growth characteristics had significant positive correlation with the broad-leaved forest percentage. Growth characteristics of the wild-simulated ginseng seedlings were shown to have a significant positive correlation with organic matter, total nitrogen, and cation exchange capacities. This study has clearly demonstrated that the tree species ratio, and soil properties in Larix kaempferi and mixed forests were significantly correlated with the early growth of wild simulated ginseng seedlings. These results could help to improve the selection of suitable cultivation sites for wild-simulated ginseng.

본 연구는 일본잎갈나무림과 침활혼효림의 입지환경이 산양삼 종묘의 초기 생육에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위해 수행하였다. 일본잎갈나무림과 침활혼효림에 시험포지를 조성하고, 입지환경과 산양삼 종묘의 생육특성을 조사하였다. 입지환경 중에서 토양 유기물, 전질소, 양이온치환용량과 같은 토양특성은 일본잎갈나무림에 비해 침활혼효림에서 높게 나타났고, 산양삼 종묘의 생육특성 또한 일본잎갈나무림에 비해 침활혼효림에서 유의적으로 높게 나타났다. 시험포지 내 수종 비율, 토양특성, 산양삼 종묘 생육특성 간의 상관관계를 분석한 결과, 토양특성과 생육특성은 활엽수림의 비율과 유의적인 정의 상관관계를 보였고, 토양특성 중에서 유기물, 전질소, 양이온치환용량이 산양삼의 생육과 유의적인 정의 상관관계를 보였다. 본 연구에서는 일본잎갈나무림과 침활혼효림의 입지환경 중에서 임상과 토양특성이 산양삼 종묘 생육특성과 유의미한 상관관계를 보이는 것을 구명할 수 있었고, 본 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 향후 산양삼의 최적 재배지를 선정하는데 기초적인 자료로서 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Binkley, D. and Fisher, R.F. 2013. Ecology and management of forest soils. 4th ed. Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 39-57.
  2. Chamberlain, J.L., Prisley, S. and Mcguffin, M. 2013. Understanding the relationship between american ginseng harvest and hardwood forest inventory and timber harvest to improve co-management of the forest of Eastern United States. Journal of Sustainable Forest 32(6): 605-624. https://doi.org/10.1080/10549811.2013.798828
  3. Cheng, H.T., Zhang, Y.Y., Zhang, L.X., Sun, H. and Gao, M. 2011. Changes of soil nutrients in ginseng under forest at different growth stages. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 27(8): 47-52.
  4. Choi, S.I., Jeong, D.Y., Kang, H.M., Oh, H.J., Cho, S.J., Kim, H., Kim, W.H. and Lee, K.M. 2016. Political alternatives to revitalizing the cultivation and management of mountain ginseng (focusing on Hamyang-gun in Gyeongsangnam-do). Korean Journal of Forest Economics 23(2): 19-30.
  5. Chung, J.H., Koo, K.S. Lee, C.H. and Kim, C.S. 2002. Physicochemical properties of Korean forest soils by regions. Journal of Korean Forest Society 91(6): 694-700.
  6. Chung, J.M. and Moon, H.S. 2011. Soil Characteristics by the site types around Nari Basin in Ulleung island. Journal of Agricultural and Life Science 44(6): 44-50.
  7. Dybzinski, R., Fargione, J.E., Zak, D.R., Fornara, D. and Tilman, D. 2008. Soil fertility increases with plant species diversity in a long-term biodiversity experiment. Ecosystem Ecology 158(1): 85-93.
  8. Fu, B.J., Liu, S.L., Ma, K.M. and Zhu, Y.G. 2004. Relationships between soil characteristics, topography and plant diversity in a heterogeneous deciduous broad-leaved forest near Beijing, China. Plant and Soil 261(1): 47-54. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:PLSO.0000035567.97093.48
  9. Gwag, Y.S. and Kim, S.H. 2012. Soil evaporation evaluation using soil moisture measurements at a hillslope on mountainous forest. Journal of Korea Water Resources Association 45(6): 557-568. https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2012.45.6.557
  10. Hong, K.C., Choi, B.S., Joo, J.H., Jung, Y.S., Yang, J.E. and Ok, Y.S. 2010. Soil organic matter and aggregate stability of sloping uplands in Gangwon province, Korea. Journal of Agriculture and Life Science, 22: 19-24.
  11. Jeon, K.S., Um, Y.R., Jung, C.R., Park, H.W. and Kim, M.J. 2018. Standard cultivation manual of wild-simulated ginseng. National Institute of Forest Science, Seoul, Korea. pp. 16-18.
  12. Jeon, S.W., Kim, J. and Jung, H. 2013. A study on the forest classification for ecosystem service valuation. Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology 16(3): 31-39. https://doi.org/10.13087/kosert.2013.16.3.031
  13. Jeong, B.G., Jung, G.R., kim, M.S., Moon, H.G., Park, S.J. and Chun, J. 2019. Ginsenoside contents and antioxidant activities of cultivated mountain ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) with different ages. Korean Journal of Food Preservation 26(1): 90-100. https://doi.org/10.11002/kjfp.2019.26.1.90
  14. Jeong, J.H., Kim, C.S., Koo, K.S., Lee, C.H., Won, H.G. and Byun, J.G. 2003. Physico-chemical properties of Korean forest soils by parent rocks. Journal of Korean Forest Society 92(3): 254-262.
  15. Jeong, J.H., Koo, K.S., Lee, C.H. and Kim, C.S. 2002. Physico-chemical properties of Korean forest soils by regions. Journal of Korean Forest Society 91(6): 694-700.
  16. Jin, H.O., Kim, U.J. and Yang, D.C. 2009. Effect of nutritional environment in ginseng field on the plant growth of ginseng(Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer). Journal of Ginseng Research 33(3): 234-239. https://doi.org/10.5142/JGR.2009.33.3.234
  17. Kang, K.M., Lee, J.Y., Kim, M.U. and Lee, S.H. 2016. Effect of quality characteristics and antioxidant activity of Korean cultivated wild ginseng extract. Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 45(12): 1740-1746. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2016.45.12.1740
  18. Kim, C., Choo, G.C., Cho, H.S. and Lim, J.T. 2015. Soil properties of cultivation sites for mountain-cultivated ginseng at local level. Journal of Ginseng Research 39(1): 76-80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgr.2014.06.004
  19. Kim, C.H., Jeon, K.S., Song, K.S. and Kang, I.S. 2013. Site and growth characteristics in Korean mountain cultivated ginseng field. 2013 Koran Society of Forest Science pp. 125-126.
  20. Kim, H.S., Lee, S.M. and Song, H.K. 2010. An analysis of the vegetation on the southern and northern slopes in the Deogyusan National Park. Korean Journal of Environmental Ecology 24(5): 601-610.
  21. Kim, K.Y., Jeong, D.H., Kim, H.J., Jeon, K.S., Kim, M.J. and Um, Y.R. 2019a. A study on growth characteristics of wild-simulated ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) by direct seeding and transplanting. Korean Journal of Plant Resources 32(2): 160-169. https://doi.org/10.7732/KJPR.2019.32.2.160
  22. Kim, K.Y., Um, Y.R., Jeong, D.H., Kim, H.J., Kim, M.J. and Jeon, K.S. 2019b. The correlation between growth characteristics and location environment of wild-simulated ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer). Korean Journal of Plant Resources 32(5): 463-470.
  23. Kim, K.Y., Um, Y.R., Jeong, D.H., Kim, H.J., Kim, M.J. and Jeon, K.S. 2019c. Study on the correlation between the soil bacterial community and growth characteristics of wild-simulated ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer). Korean Journal of Environmental Biology 37(3): 380-388. https://doi.org/10.11626/KJEB.2019.37.3.380
  24. Kim, M.W., Lee, E.H., Kim, Y.J., Park, T.S. and Cho, Y.J. 2018. Beauty food activities of wild-simulated ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) ground part. Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry 61(1): 33-38. https://doi.org/10.3839/jabc.2018.005
  25. Kim, Y.S., Koo, N.I. and Kang, W.S. 2018. Evaluation of the forest soil using plant response methodology. National Institute of Forest Science, Seoul, Korea. pp. 10-14.
  26. Ko, S.H., Ko, J.G., Lee, C.H., Kim, C.S. and Hyun, H.N. 2010. Soil properties by major forest types in Mt. Hallasan as a long term ecological research site. Proceedings Korean Society of Environment and Ecology Conference 20(2): 204-207.
  27. Kooch, Y., Samadzadeh, B. and Hosseini, S.M. 2017. The effect of broad-leaved tree species on litter quality and soil properties in a plain forest stand. Catena 150: 223-229. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2016.11.023
  28. Korea Forest Service (KFS). 2011. Statistical yearbook of forest. Korea Forest Service, Daejeon, Korea. pp. 484.
  29. Korea Forest Service (KFS). 2016. Statistical yearbook of forest. Korea Forest Service, Daejeon, Korea. pp. 414.
  30. Korea Forestry Promotion Institute (KOFPI). 2013. The cultivation of wild-simulated ginseng: In wild-simulated ginseng and cultural environments. Korea Forestry Promotion Institute. Seoul, Korea. pp. 14-34.
  31. Kozlowski, T.T. and Pallardy, S.G. 1999. Physiology of woody plants (2nd Eds.) Academic Press, London, pp. 411.
  32. Kwon, H.J., Cho, Y.J. and Kim, M.D. 2017. Enhancement of ginsenoside Rg1 and Rg5 contents in an extract of wood-cultivated ginseng by Lactobacillus plantarum. Microbiology and Biotechnology Letter 45(4): 305-310. https://doi.org/10.4014/mbl.1711.11001
  33. Kwon, S.D., Kang, J.H., Yoon, J.H. and Moon, H.S. 2011. An analysis on site, soil and cultivation characteristics of Korean mountain cultivated ginseng (Panax ginseng) fields. Journal of Agricultural and Life Science 45(6): 81-88.
  34. Lee, D.G., Kim, Y.S., Shin, H.T., Kang, S.K. and Park, S.G. 2012. Ilex crenata for. microphylla Rehder's leaf variations according to different altitudes of east-west slopes of Hallasan. Journal of the Korean Institute of Forest Recreation 16(2): 9-14. https://doi.org/10.34272/FOREST.2012.16.2.002
  35. Lee, D.S. 2010. Weather characteristics and growth of a forest ginseng cultivation sites. Journal of Korean Forest Society 99(6): 863-870.
  36. Lee, H.J., Jeon, Y.M. and Kim, C.H. 1998. Floristic composition and soil condition of Quercus mongolica forest on Mt. Worak. Korean Journal of Environmental Biology 16(2): 169-180.
  37. Lee, S.W., Choi, H.I., Kim, A.J. and Han, J.S. 2018. Applicability of sunsik with cultivated wild ginseng powder as a beauty food. Asian Journal of Beauty and Cosmetology 16(2): 201-210. https://doi.org/10.20402/ajbc.2017.0176
  38. Lim, J.R., Kim, J.Y., Park, C.B., Choo, B.K., Kim, D.H., Choi, Y.G. and Hwang, C.Y. 2003. Growth of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer underwood in direct sowing and transplanting. Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science 11(3): 216-223.
  39. Liu, W.W., Liu, M.C. Li W.H., Zeng, F.S. and Qu, Y. 2016. Influence of ginseng cultivation under larch plantations on plant diversity and soil properties in Liaoning Province, Northeast China. Journal of Mountain Science 13(9): 1598-1608. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11629-015-3753-x
  40. Miller, R.W. and Donahue, R.L. 1990. Soils: An introduction to soil and plant growth. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, pp. 768.
  41. Ministry of Agricultural, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA). 1998. Management model of ginseng growing in the forest. p. 166.
  42. National Institute of Forest Science (NIFoS). 2018. Standard cultivation manual of wild-simulated ginseng, National Institute of Forest Science, Seoul, Korea. pp. 3-5.
  43. Oliver, A., Nadeau, I., Quzennou, H., Dzaringa, J.P. and Bibang, G.R. Growth of eight-year-old American ginseng in a red maple forest as influenced by lime and organic fertilizer application. AFTA 2005 Conference Proceedings pp. 1-10.
  44. Park, G.E., Park, B.B., Lee, Y.G. and Sung, J.H. 2014. Comparison on physical and chemical properties between Larix forest and natural broad-leaved forest. 2014 Koran Society of Forest Science pp. 151.
  45. Park, H.W. and Jeon, K.S. 2020. 2020 Forest Outlook: Chapter 12. Outlook and prospect of supply and demand of wild vegetables and medicinal crops. National Institute of Forest Science, Seoul, Korea. pp. 313-317.
  46. Park, S.B., Park, G.H., Um, Y.R., Kim, H.N., Song, H.M., Kim, N.H., Kim, H.S. and Jeong, J.B. 2018. Woodcultivated ginseng exerts anti-inflammatory effect in LPS-simulated RAW264.7 cells. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 116: 327-334. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.05.039
  47. Perez-Bejarano, A., Mataix-Solear, J., Zornoza, R., Guerrero, C., Arecenegui, V., Mataix-Beneyto, J. and Cano-Amat, S. 2008. Influence of plant species on physical, chemical and biological soil properties in a Mediterranean forest soil. European Journal of Forest Research 129(1): 15-24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342-008-0246-2
  48. Rural Development Administration (RDA). 2013. Analysis manual of comprehensive examination laboratory (soil, plant, water and liquid manure). Rural Development Administration. Suwon, Korea. pp. 31-53.
  49. Russell, A.E., Raich, J.W., Valverde-Barrantes, O.J. and Fisher, R.F. 2007. Tree species effect on soil properties in experimental plantation in tropical moist forest. Soil Science Society of America Journal 71(4): 1389. https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2006.0069
  50. Seo, H.B., Kim, P.G. and Ryu, S.P. 2015. The study of mountain ginseng-added high fat diet on anti-apoptosis of skeletal muscle. Journal of Korean Forest Society 104(3): 383-389. https://doi.org/10.14578/jkfs.2015.104.3.383
  51. Seo, H.C., Jeon, S.J. and Yun, J.I. 2008. Azimuthal distribution of daily maximum temperatures observed at slideslopes of a grass-covered inactive parasitic volcano ("Ohreum") in Jeju island. Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 10(1): 25-31. https://doi.org/10.5532/KJAFM.2008.10.1.025
  52. Seo, W.B. and Yoo, K.O. 2011. Environmental characteristics on habitats of Viola diamantiaca Nakai and its RAPD analysis. Koran Journal of Plant Taxonomy 41(1): 66-80. https://doi.org/10.11110/kjpt.2011.41.1.066
  53. Seong, B.J., Han, S.H., Kim, S.I., Kim, G.H., Lee, K.S., Kim, H.H., Won, J.Y., So, J.D. and Cho, J.W. 2014. Growth characteristics and ginsenoside contents of Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) by green manure crops. Korean Journal of Crop Science 59(3): 364-368. https://doi.org/10.7740/kjcs.2014.59.3.364
  54. Son, J.G. and Cho, J.Y. 2009. Effect of organic material treatments on soil aggregate formation in reclaimed tidelands. Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer 42(3): 201-206.
  55. Song, E.Y., Moon, K.H., Wi, S.H. and Oh, S.J. 2018. Growth and bulb characteristics of extremely early-maturing onion by air temperature variation at different altitudes. Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 20(4): 321-329. https://doi.org/10.5532/KJAFM.2018.20.4.321
  56. Suh, H.M., Seo, S.M., Woo, S.Y. and Lee, D.S. 2011. Forest cultivated ginseng in Korea: All cure medicinal plants. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research 5(22): 5331-5336.
  57. Sun, H., Wang, Q., Liu, N., Zhang, C., Liu, Z. and Zhang, Y. 2017. Effect of different leaf litters on the physicochemical properties and bacterial communities in Panax ginseng-growing soil. Applied Soil Ecology 111: 17-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.11.008
  58. Ushio, M., Kitayama, K. and Balser, T.C. 2010. Tree speciesmediated spatial patchiness of the composition of microbial community and physicochemical properties in the topsoil of a tropical mountain forest. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 42(9): 1588-15953. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.05.035
  59. Woo, S.Y. and Lee, D.S. 2002. A study on the growth and environment of Panax ginseng in the different forest strands (I). Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 4(2): 65-71.
  60. Woo, S.Y., Lee, D.S. and Kim, P.G. 2004. Growth and ecophysiological characteristics of Panax ginseng grown under tree different forest types. Journal of Plant Biology 47(3): 230-235. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03030513
  61. Woo, S.Y., Lee, D.S. and Min, J.K. 2002. A study on the growth and Panax ginseng in the different forest strands (II). Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science 91(3): 304-312.
  62. Yoo, J.P., Jin, S.D., Kim, H.S., Paek, W.K. and Song, H.K. 2010. Characteristics of birds community in relation to altitude, direction of slope and season in Deogyusan national park. The Korean Journal of Ornithology 17(4): 359-385.
  63. Yun, C.W. and Moon, H.S. 2009. Classification of forest vegetation type and environmental properties in limestone area of Korea. Journal of Agricultural & Life Science 43(2): 1-8.