The Korea Journal of Herbology (대한본초학회지)

The Korea Association of Herbology (대한본초학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

BS21, a combination of Phyllostachys pubescens and Scutellaria baicalensis extracts, reduces adiposity and hyperuricemia in high-fat diet-induced obese mice

죽엽황금복합추출물 BS21의 고지방식이 유도 비만 동물모델에서의 지방생성 및 고요산혈증 개선 효과

  • Sung, Yoon-Young (Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine) ;
  • Lee, Young-Sil (Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Seung-Hyung (Institute of Traditional Medicine and Bioscience, Daejeon University) ;
  • Kim, Dong-Seon (Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine)
  • 성윤영 (한국한의학연구원 한약연구부) ;
  • 이영실 (한국한의학연구원 한약연구부) ;
  • 김승형 (대전대학교 동서생명과학연구원) ;
  • 김동선 (한국한의학연구원 한약연구부)
  • Received : 2020.08.05
  • Accepted : 2020.09.25
  • Published : 2020.09.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Objectives : Phyllostachys pubescens and Scutellaria baicalensis are considered to be effective in promoting blood circulation in traditional medicine. In this study, we examined whether a mixture of P. pubescens leaves and S. baicalensis root (BS21) had any anti-obesity, anti-hyperlipidemia, or anti-hyperuricemia effects and the possible mechanisms of action. Methods : We examined the effects of BS21 in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. Mice were fed HFD with BS21 (75, 150, or 300 mg/kg) or Garcinia cambogia extracts (245 mg/kg) as a positive control for 8 weeks. At the end of 8 weeks, body weight, liver and adipose weight, adipocyte size, plasma lipid profiles, adipokine and uric acid levels, and adipose tissue expression levels in obesity and uric acid production-related genes were examined. Results : BS21 decreased body weight gain, white adipose tissue, liver weight, adipocyte size, and liver triglyceride accumulation. It also reduced levels of plasma glucose, triglycerides, non-esterified fatty acids, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, alanine transaminase, leptin, and uric acid. In contrast, BS21 increased adiponectin levels. Furthermore, BS21 decreased the expression levels of adipogenesis-related genes, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c, and fatty acid synthase, as well as xanthine oxidoreductase, which is involved in uric acid production. Conclusions : These results suggest that BS21 may exert anti-obesity, anti-hyperlipidemia, and anti-hyperuricemia effects in HFD-induced obese mice by regulating the expression of xanthine oxidoreductase and adipogenesis-related genes.

Keywords

References

  1. Spieglman BM, Filer JS. Obesity and the regulation of energy balance. Cell. 2001 ; 104 : 531-43. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0092-8674(01)00240-9
  2. Saltiel AR. New therapeutic approaches for the treatment of obesity. Sci Transl Med. 2016 ; 8 : 323rv2. https://doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.aad1811
  3. Heber D. Herbal preparations for obesity: are they useful? Prim Care. 2003 ; 30 : 441-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0095-4543(03)00015-0
  4. Cho EA, Kim SY, Na IH, Kim DC, In MJ, Chae HJ. Antioxidant and anticoagulant activities of water and ethanol extracts of Phyllostachys pubescence leaf produced in Geoje. J Appl Biol Chem. 2010 ; 53 : 170-3. https://doi.org/10.3839/jabc.2010.030
  5. In MJ, Park MK, Kim SY, Chae HJ, Chae MW, Sone J, Ji HS, Han KS, Kim DC. Composition analysis and antioxidative activity of maengjong-juk (Phyllostachys pubescence ) leaves tea. J Appl Biol Chem. 2010 ; 53 : 116-9. https://doi.org/10.3839/jabc.2010.022
  6. Yoon SB, Lee YJ, Park SK, Kim HC, Bae H, Kim HM, Ko SG, Choi HY, Oh MS, Park W. Anti-inflammatory effects of Scutellaria baicalensis water extract on LPS-activated RAW 264.7 macrophages. J Ethnopharmacol. 2009 ; 125 : 286-90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2009.06.027
  7. Yoon HJ, Park YS. Effects of Scutellaria baicalensis water extract on lipid metabolism and antioxidant defense system in rats fed high fat diet. J Korean Soc of Food Sci Nutr. 2010 ; 39 : 219-26. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2010.39.2.219
  8. Song KH, Lee SH, Kim BY, Park AY, Kim JY. Extracts of Scutellaria baicalensis reduced body weight and blood triglyceride in db/db mic. Phytother Res. 2013 ; 27 : 244-50. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.4691
  9. Poudel B, Nepali S, Xin M, Ki HH, Kim YH, Kim DK, Lee YM. Flavonoids from Triticum aestivum inhibit adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells by upregulating the insig pathway. Mol Med Rep. 2015 ; 12 : 3139-45. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2015.3700
  10. Xi Y, Wu M, Li H, Dong S, Luo E, Gu M, Shen X, Jiang Y, Liu Y, Liu H. Baicalin attenuates high fat diet-induced obesity and liver dysfunction: dose-response and potential role of $CaMKK{\beta}$/AMPK/ACC pathway. Cell Physiol Biochem. 2015 ; 35 : 2349-59. https://doi.org/10.1159/000374037
  11. Kang JS, Lee WK, Lee CW, Yoon WK, Kim N, Park SK, Lee HS, Park HK, Han SB, Yun J, Lee K, Lee KH, Park SK, Kim HM. Improvement of high-fat diet-induced obesity by a mixture of red grape extract, soy isoflavone and L-carnitine: implications in cardiovascular and non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases. Food Chem Toxicol. 2011 ; 49 : 2453-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2011.06.071
  12. Kim DS, Kim SH, Cha J. Antiobesity effects of the combined plant extracts varying the combination ratio of Phyllostachys pubescens leaf extract and Scutellaria baicalensis root extract. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016 ; 2016 : 9735276.
  13. Collins S, Martin TL, Surwit RS, Robidoux J. Genetic vulnerability to diet-induced obesity in the C57BL/6J mouse: physiological and molecular characteristics. Physiol Behav. 2004 ; 81 : 243-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2004.02.006
  14. Lee J, Lee JY, Lee JH, Jung SM, Suh YS, Koh JH, Kwok SK, Ju JH, Park KS, Park SH. Visceral fat obesity is highly associated with primary gout in a metabolically obese but normal weighted population: a case control study. Arthritis Res Ther. 2015 ; 17 : 79. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13075-015-0593-6
  15. Dalbeth N, So A. Hyperuricaemia and gout: state of the art and future perspectives. Ann Rheum Dis. 2010 ; 69 : 1738-43. https://doi.org/10.1136/ard.2010.136218
  16. Lee YS, Yang WK, Kim HY, Min B, Caturla N, Jones J, Park YC, Lee YC, Kim SH. Metabolaid combination of Lemon verbena and Hibiscus flower extract prevents high-fat diet-induced obesity through AMP-activated protein kinase activation. Nutrients. 2018 ; 10 : 1204. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10091204
  17. Sung YY, Kim DS, Kim SH, Kim HK. Anti-obesity activity, acute toxicity, and chemical constituents of aqueous and ethanol Viola mandshurica extracts. BMC complement Altern Med. 2017 ; 17: 297. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-017-1810-4
  18. Matsuura F, Yamashita S, Nakamura T, Nishida M, Nozaki S, Funahashi T, Matsuzawa Y. Effect of visceral fat accumulation on uric acid metabolism in male obese subjects. Visceral fat obesity is linked more closely to overproduction of uric acid than subcutaneous fat obesity. Metabolism. 1998 ; 47 : 929-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0026-0495(98)90346-8
  19. Hikita M, Ohno I, Mori Y, Ichida K, Yokose T, Hosoya T. Relationship between hyperuricemia and body fat distribution. Intern Med. 2007 ; 46 : 1353-8. https://doi.org/10.2169/internalmedicine.46.0045
  20. Tamba S, Nishizawa H, Funahashi T, Okauchi Y, Ogawa T, Noguchi M, Fujita K, Ryo M, Kihara S, Iwahashi H, Yamagata K, Nakamura T. Relationship between the serum uric acid level, visceral fat accumulation and serum adiponectin concentration in Japanese men. Intern Med. 2008 ; 47 : 1175-80. https://doi.org/10.2169/internalmedicine.47.0603
  21. Ahima RS. Adipose tissue as an endocrine organ. Obesity. 2006 ; 14(5 Suppl) : 242S-9S. https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2006.317
  22. Fried SK, Ricci MR, Russell CD, Laferrere BR. Regulation of leptin production in humans. J Nutr. 2000 ; 130 : 3127S-31S. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/130.12.3127S
  23. Rahman HA, Sahib NG, Saari N, Abas F, Ismail A, Mumtaz MW, Hamid AA. Anti-obesity effect of ethanolic extract from Cosmos caudatus Kunth leaf in lean rats fed a high fat diet. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2017 ; 17 : 122. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-017-1640-4
  24. Hofbauer KG. Molecular pathways to obesity. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2002 ; 26(2 Suppl) : S18-27. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0802124
  25. Feve B. Adipogenesis: cellular and molecular aspects. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005 ; 19 : 483-99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beem.2005.07.007
  26. Tamori Y, Masugi J, Nishino N, Kasuga M. Role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorgamma in maintenance of the characteristics of mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Diabetes. 2002 ; 51 : 2045-55. https://doi.org/10.2337/diabetes.51.7.2045
  27. Laws A. Free fatty acids, insulin resistance and lipoprotein metabolism. Curr Opin Lipidol. 1996 ; 7 : 172-7. https://doi.org/10.1097/00041433-199606000-00011
  28. Tsushima Y, Nishizawa H, Tochino Y, Nakatsuji H, Sekimoto R, Nagao H, Shirakura T, Kato K, Imaizumi K, Takahashi H, Tamura M, Maeda N, Funahashi T, Shimomura I. Uric acid secretion from adipose tissue and its increase in obesity. J Biol Chem. 2003 ; 288 : 27138-49. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M113.485094
  29. Cheung KJ, Tzameli I, Pissios P, Rovira I, Gavrilova O, Ohtsubo T, Chen Z, Finkel T, Flier JS, Friedman JM. Xanthine oxidoreductase is a regulator of adipogenesis and PPARgamma activity. Cell Metab. 2007 ; 5 : 115-28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2007.01.005