DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

경찰서비스를 경험한 시민의 만족도가 경찰신뢰에 미치는 영향: 북한이탈주민을 중심으로

The Effect of Police Satisfaction on Trust in the Police: Focusing on the North Korean Refugees

  • Hong, Moonki (The Korean Institute of Criminology) ;
  • Park, Jongsun (Department of Public Administration, Gachon University)
  • 투고 : 2020.07.31
  • 심사 : 2020.09.20
  • 발행 : 2020.09.28

초록

본 연구는 범죄 피해신고 과정에서 접촉했던 경찰관의 조치에 대한 만족이 경찰 신뢰에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 만 20세 이상의 대한민국에 거주하는 북한이탈주민을 연구대상으로 자기기입식 설문조사방법을 이용했다(N = 214). 다중회귀분석 분석에 의하면, 자신의 피해 신고에 대한 경찰관의 조치에 대하여 불만족을 느꼈던 탈북자들은 남한경찰 활동에 대해 낮은 신뢰를 보였다. 또한 주변 사람들에 대한 높은 신뢰를 보이는 탈북자들은 남한 경찰활동에 대해서도 높은 신뢰를 보였으며, 범죄피해를 경찰에 신고한 경험이 있는 탈북자들은 남한 경찰활동에 대해서도 높은 신뢰를 나타냈다. 주거지역의 범죄 발생이 증가한다고 인식한 탈북자, 여성탈북자, 남·북한 학교의 재학, 자동차 소유 등은 경찰 활동에 대해 낮은 신뢰를 보였다. 본 연구에서는 주민응대 교육프로그램과 법률 교육 개발 및 강화 등을 정책적 대안으로 제시하고 있다.

This study examines whether citizen's satisfaction with police response to their victimization has an effect on the trust in the police. The data (N = 214) were collected from the North Koreans refugees residing in South Korea. One key finding shows that the North Koreans who were dissatisfied with policemen's response to their crime victimization cases report lower trust in the South Korean police. Also, the people who had ever reported a crime to the police increase their trust in the police. However, sex, education experience, car ownership, household victimization preventive measures, crime trends decrease their trust in the police. The implications and limitations were discussed for the future research.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. J. H. Kang. (2016). Trust in Police among Citizens: Focusing on Patrol, Response, and Arrest Trust in Police. Korean Association of Police Science, 60, 31-57.
  2. J. H. Ryu. (2012). The Analysis of Citizen's Perception toward the Police. Journal of Social Science, 38(3), 171-200. https://doi.org/10.15820/khjss.2012.38.3.008
  3. J. Y. Lee. (2011). Police-Resident Contact and Trust in the Police. The Research Institute of Social Science, 18(3), 27-52.
  4. H. S. Jang. (2018). A comparative study on the confidence in the Korean police between Korean citizens and Chinese people in Korea. Journal of Korean Criminological Association, 12(1), 81-94. https://doi.org/10.29095/JKCA.12.1.5
  5. H. S. Jang. (2014). A Comparative study on the confidence in the police between South Korea and Japan. Korean Police Studies Review, 13(2), pp. 311-340.
  6. H. S. Jang. (2013). Confidence in the police among citizens: Focusing on the expressive perspective of confidence in the police. Korean Police Studies Review, 12(2), 213-236.
  7. E. G. Hwang. (2013). Determinants of Public Confidence in the Police among Korean Citizens in Seoul and Korean Americans in the Detroit Metropolitan Area, Michigan. Korean Police Studies Review, 12(4), 411-434.
  8. J. K. Kim. (2013). The Effects of North Korea Defectors' Recognition with Effectiveness and Fairness of Policing on Police Support. Korean Police Studies Review, 12(1), pp. 63-86.
  9. B. Brown, & R. Benedict. (2002). Perceptions of the police. Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies and Management, 25(3), 543-580. https://doi.org/10.1108/13639510210437032
  10. S. H. Kwon. (2011). Individual Attitudes toward North Korean Immigrants. Journal of Korean Politics, 20(2), 129-153.
  11. K. Jung & C. Y. Choi. (2016). North Korean defectors' values, adaptation & satisfaction with their life in South Korea. Korean Development Institute Review of the North Korean Economy, 20(4), 41-63.
  12. S. Brandl, I. Frank, R. Worden, & T. Bynum. (1994). Global and specific attitudes toward the police: Disentangling the relationship. Justice Quarterly, 11(1), 119-134. https://doi.org/10.1080/07418829400092161
  13. J. Jackson and J. Sunshine. (2007). Public confidence in policing: A Neo-Durkheimian perspective. The British Journal of Sociology, 47(2), 214-233.
  14. I. Sun, R. Hu, D. Wong, X. He,. & J. Li. (2013). One country, three populations: Trust in police among migrants, villages, and urbanities in China. Police Social Science Research. 42(6), 1739-1749.
  15. W. Skogan. (2009). Concern about crime and confidence in the police: Reassurance or accountability?. Police Quarterly, 12(3), 301-318.. https://doi.org/10.1177/1098611109339893
  16. J. Jackson and B. Bradford. (2009). Crime, policing and social order: On the expressive nature of public confidence in policing. The British Journal of Sociology, 60(3), 493-521. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-4446.2009.01253.x
  17. M. Reisig & R. Parks. (2000). Experience, quality of life and neighborhood context. Justice Quarterly, 17(3), 607-630. https://doi.org/10.1080/07418820000094681
  18. J. Schafer, B. Huebner, & T. Bynum. (2003). Citizen perceptions of police services: Race, neighborhood context, and community policing. Police Quarterly, 6(4), 440-468. https://doi.org/10.1177/1098611102250459
  19. D. Chu, H. Song & J. Dombrink. (2005). Chinese immigrants' perceptions of the police in New York City. International Criminal Justice Reviews, 15(2), 101-114. https://doi.org/10.1177/1057567705283894
  20. Y. Wu, B. Smith & I. Sun. (2013). Race, ethnicity and perceptions of police bias: The case of Chinese immigrants. Journal of Ethnicity in Criminal Justice, 11(1), 71-92. https://doi.org/10.1080/15377938.2012.735989
  21. M. Innes. (2004). Signal crimes and signal disorders: Notes on deviance as communicative action. The British Journal of Sociology, 55, 317-334. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-4446.2004.00022.x
  22. W. Warner & L. Stole. (1945). The Social System of American Ethnic Groups. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
  23. Chu, D. C. & Hung L. (2010). Chinese immigrants' attitudes toward the police in San Francisco. Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management, 33(4), 621-643. https://doi.org/10.1108/13639511011085051
  24. Chu, D. C. & Hung L. (2010). Chinese immigrants' attitudes toward the police in San Francisco. Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management, 33(4), 621-643. https://doi.org/10.1108/13639511011085051
  25. J. Khondaker, I. Mahfuzul, Y. Wu & G. Lambert. (2016). The views of Bangladesh immigrants on the police in New York City. Journal of Crime and Justice, 39(4), 528-549. https://doi.org/10.1080/0735648X.2015.1052536
  26. M. Correia. (2010). Determinants of attitudes toward police of Latino immigrants and non-immigrants. Journal of Criminal Justice, 38(1), 99-107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2009.11.012
  27. D. Chu & H. Song (2015). A comparison of Chinese immigrants' perceptions of the police in New York City and Toronto. Crime and Delinquency, 61(3), 402-427. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011128711405008
  28. J. J. Joo. (2008). A Study on the Trust of Public on Police. Korean Association of Police Science, 10(4), 329-352.
  29. L. Cao, J. Frank & T. Cullen. (1996). Race, community context and confidence in the police. American Journal of Police, 15(1), 3-22. https://doi.org/10.1108/07358549610116536
  30. J. Frank, G. Brandl, E. Worden & S. Bynum. (1996). Citizen involvement in the corporation of police output. Journal of Crime and Justice, 19(2), 1-30. https://doi.org/10.1080/0735648X.1996.9721544
  31. V. Webb & C. Marshall. (1995). The relative importance of race and ethnicity on citizen attitudes toward the police. American Journal of Police, 14(2), 45-66. https://doi.org/10.1108/07358549510102749
  32. R. Roles, S. Moak & T. Bensel. (2015). Perceptions of police among Hispanic immigrants of Mexican origin in the southeast United States. American Journal of Criminal Justice, 41, 202-219. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12103-015-9299-1
  33. Y. Wu, I. Sun & B. Smith. (2011). Race, immigration, and policing: Chinese immigrants' satisfaction with police. Justice Quarterly, 28(5), 745-774. https://doi.org/10.1080/07418825.2010.535009
  34. R. Davis & N. Hendricks. (2007). Immigrants and law enforcement: a comparison of native-born and foreign-born Americans' opinions of the police. International Review of Victimology, 14(1), 81-94. https://doi.org/10.1177/026975800701400105
  35. J. O. Jang & J. H. Lee. (2006). A Study of Victimization of North Korean Defectors. Seoul: The Korean Institute of Criminology.
  36. Ministry of Unification. (2019). The Recent Trends in North Korean Refugees. www.unikorea.go.kr/unikorea/business/NKDefectorsPolicy/status/lately/ (dated on 2020. 02. 28).
  37. C. M. Lee, J. C. Kim, S. C. Han, & H. J. Shin. (2010). A Study on the Crime Prevention Governance for North Korean Refugees in Korea. Seoul: North Korean Refugees Foundation.
  38. Police Science Institutes. (2018). The 2018 Police Review.
  39. E. G. Hwang & S. I. Han. (2016). Expressive and instrumental factors of public confidence in the police: A comparative study between Korea and Mongolia. Korean Police Studies Review, 15(4), 317-342.
  40. P. Kennedy. (1998). A Guide to Econometrics. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
  41. D. Marqurdt. (1970). Generalized inverses, ridge regression, biased linear estimation, and nonlinear estimation. Technometrics, 12(3), 591-612. https://doi.org/10.1080/00401706.1970.10488699
  42. L. Ren, L. Cao, N. Lovrich & M. Gaffney. (2005). Linking confidence in the police with the performance of the police: Community policing can make a difference. Journal of Criminal Justice, 33(1), 55-66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2004.10.003