Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture (한국환경농학회지)

The Korean Society of Environmental Agriculture (한국환경농학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effect of KOH Concentrations and Pyrolysis Temperatures for Enhancing NH4-N Adsorption Capacity of Rice Hull Activated Biochar

KOH 농도 및 탄화온도가 왕겨 활성 바이오차의 NH4-N 흡착능 향상에 미치는 영향

  • Kim, HuiSeon (Department of Bio-Environmental Chemistry, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Wonkwang University) ;
  • Yun, Seok-In (Department of Bio-Environmental Chemistry, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Wonkwang University) ;
  • An, NanHee (Organic Agriculture Division, Department of Agricultural Environment, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Shin, JoungDu (Climate Change & Agroecology Division, Department of Agricultural Environment, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration)
  • 김희선 (원광대학교 농식품융합대학 생물환경화학과) ;
  • 윤석인 (원광대학교 농식품융합대학 생물환경화학과) ;
  • 안난희 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업환경부 유기농업과) ;
  • 신중두 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업환경부 기후변화생태과)
  • Received : 2020.06.08
  • Accepted : 2020.07.11
  • Published : 2020.09.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Recently, biomass conversion from agricultural wastes to carbon-rich materials such as biochar has been recognized as a promising option to maintain or increase soil productivity, reduce nutrient losses, and mitigate greenhouse gas emissions from the agro-ecosystem. This experiment was conducted to select an optimum conditions for enhancing the NH4-N adsorption capacity of rice hull activated biochar. METHODS AND RESULTS: For deciding the proper molarity of KOH for enhancing its porosity, biochars treated with different molarity of KOH (0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8) were carbonized at 600℃ in the reactor. The maximum adsorption capacity was 1.464 mg g-1, and an optimum molarity was selected to be 6 M KOH. For the effect of adsorption capacity to different carbonized temperatures, 6 M KOH-treated biochar was carbonized at 600℃ and 800℃ under the pyrolysis system. The result has shown that the maximum adsorption capacity was 1.76 mg g-1 in the rice hull activated biochar treated with 6 M KOH at 600℃ of pyrolysis temperature, while its non-treated biochar was 1.17 mg g-1. The adsorption rate in the rice hull activated biochar treated with 6 M KOH at 600℃ was increased at 62.18% compared to that of the control. Adsorption of NH4-N in the rice hull activated biochar was well suited for the Langmuir model because it was observed that dimensionless constant (RL) was 0.97 and 0.66 at 600℃ and 800℃ of pyrolysis temperatures, respectively. The maximum adsorption amount (qm) and the bond strength constants (b) were 0.092 mg g-1 and 0.001 mg L-1, respectively, for the rice hull activated biochar treated with 6 M KOH at 600℃ of pyrolysis. CONCLUSION: Optimum condition of rice hull activated biochar was 6M KOH at 600℃ of pyrolysis temperature.

Keywords

References

  1. Kim MY, Kim GH (2014) Analysis of environmental impacts for the biochar production and soil application. Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers, 36(7), 461-468. http://doi.org/10.4491/KSEE.2014.36.7.461.
  2. Lee HY, Jeon C, Lim KJ, Hong KC, Lim JE, Choi BS, Kim NW, Yang JE, Ok YS (2009) Adsorption characteristics of heavy metal ions onto chemically modified rice husk and sawdust from aqueous solutions. Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture, 28(2), 158-164. http://doi.org/10.5338/KJEA.2009.28.2.158.
  3. Park WK, Park BN, Shin JD, Hong SG, Kwon SI (2011) Estimation of biomass resource conversion factor and potential production in agricultural sector. Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture, 30(3), 252-260. http://doi.org/10.5338/KJEA.2011.30.3.252.
  4. Lee CG, Lee SL, Joo SY, Cho LH, Park SY, Lee SH, Oh KC, Kim DH (2017) A Study on agricultural by-products for biomass-to-energy conversion and Korean collecting model. New & Renewable Energy, 13(1), 27-35. http://doi.org/10.7849/ksnre.2017.3.13.1.027.
  5. Kim YS, Kim CA, Hyun SH (2016) Biochar research trends and perspectives in South Korea based on a bibliometric analysis. Journal of Korea Society of Waste Management, 33(3), 207-223. http://doi.org/10.9786/kswm.2016.33.3.207.
  6. Cayuela ML, van Zwieten L, Singh BP, Jeffery S, Roig A, Sanchez-Monedero MA (2014) Biochar's role in mitigating Soil nitrous oxide emissions: A review and meta-analysis. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 191, 5-16. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2013.10.009.
  7. Zang A, Cui L, Pan G, Li L, Hussain Q, Zhang X, Zheng J, Crowley D (2010) Effect of biochar amendment on yield and methane and nitrous oxide emissions from a rice paddy from Tai Lake plain. China. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 139(4), 469-475. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2010.09.003.
  8. Yoo GY, Son YG, Lee SH, Lee Y, Lee SH (2013) Greenhouse gas emissions form soils amended with biochar. Korean Journal of Environmental Biology, 31(4), 471-477. http://doi.org/10.11626/KJEB.2013.31.4.471.
  9. Choi YS, Shin JD, Lee SI, Kim SC (2015) Adsorption characteristics of aqueous ammonium using rice hull-derived biochar. Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture, 34(3), 155-160. http://doi.org/10.5338/KJEA.2015.34.3.25.
  10. Tsai WT, Chang CY, Lee SL (1997) Preparation and Characterization of Activated carbons from Corn Cob. Carbon, 35(8), 1198-2000. http://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-6223(97)84654-4.
  11. Lee YJ, Park NK, Lee TJ (2007) The Adsorption of COS with a Modified-activated Carbon for Ultra-Cleanup of Coal Gas. Clean Technology, 13(4), 266-273.
  12. Seo IH, Kim SG, Jung JC, Kim, MS (2016) Preparation and characterization of carbon aero-gel activated with KOH and $CO_2$: Effect of pore size distribution on electrochemical properties as EDLC electrodes. Polymer-Korea, 40(4), 577-586. http://doi.org/10.7317/pk.2016.40.4.577.
  13. Kim HM, Sung YJ, Park YS, Shin JC, Seo YK (2016) Changes in rice husk by heat treatment. Journal of Korea TAPPI, 48(6), 263-270. http://doi.org/10.7584/JKTAPPI.2016.12.48.6.263.
  14. Lee TR, Chung CK, Joe YC (2009) A study on the development of activated carbons from sewage sludge. Clean Technology, 15(1), 31-37.
  15. Nelissen, V, Saha BK, Ruysschaert G, Boeckx P (2014) Effect of different biochar and fertilizer types on $N_2O$ and NO emissions. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 70, 244-255. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.12.026.
  16. Lee EJ, Kwon SH, Choi PR, Jung JC, Kim MS (2014) Preparation and characterization of high-quality activated carbon by KOH activation of pitch precursors. Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology, 31(3), 408-415. https://doi.org/10.12925/jkocs.2014.31.3.408.
  17. Reardon J, Foreman JA, Searcy RL (1996) New reactants for the colorimetric determination of ammonia. Clinica Chimica Acta, 14(3), 403-405. https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-8981(66)90120-3.
  18. Na CK, Han MY, Park HJ (2011) Applicability of theoretical adsorption models for studies on adsorption properties of adsorbents (1). Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers, 33(8), 606-616. https://doi.org/10.4491/KSEE.2011.33.8.606.
  19. Lee JJ (2019) Analysis for adsorption equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of aniline blue using activated carbon. Korean Chemical Engineering Research. 57(5), 679-686. https://doi.org/10.9713/kcer.2019.57.5.679.
  20. Choi YS, Shin JD, Lee SI, Kim SC (2015) Adsorption characteristics of aqueous ammonium using rice hullderived biochar. Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture, 34(3), 155-160. https://doi.org/10.5338/KJEA.2015.34.3.25.
  21. Kim KW, Jung SH, Lim YS, Chung YJ (1999) The preparation of PAN-based activated carbon fiber by KOH. Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society. 36(6), 577-582.
  22. Lee Sk, Yim CS, Park YS (2010) $H_2S$ adsorption characteristics and property analyses of activated carbon adsorbent impregnated with basic solutions. Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers, 32(11), 1011-1016.
  23. Moon SY, Han DY, Lee BH, Lim YS (2005) Preparation and characterization of OXI-PAN based carbon fibers activated by hydroxides. Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society, 42(7), 469-474. https://doi.org/10.4191/kcers.2005.42.7.469.
  24. Shin EC, Park JJ, Jeong CG, Kim SH (2014) Adsorption characteristics evaluation of natural zeolite for heavymetal contaminated material remediation. Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society, 13(2), 59-67. https://doi.org/10.12814/jkgss.2014.13.2.059.
  25. Gong YP, Ni ZY, Xiong ZZ, Cheng LH, Xu XH (2017) Phosphate and ammonium adsorption of the modified biochar based on Phragmites australis after phytoremediation. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 24(9), 8326-8335. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-8499-2.
  26. Hall KR, Eagleton LC, Acrivos A, Vermeulen T (1966) Pore-and solid-diffusion kinetics in fixed-bed adsorption under constant-pattern conditions. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Fundamentals, 5(2), 212-223. https://doi.org/10.1021/i160018a011.