Biomaterials and Biomechanics in Bioengineering

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Design and stress analysis of femur bone implant with composite plates

  • Ramakrishna, S. (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Gayatri Vidya Parishad College of Engineering (Autonomous)) ;
  • Pavani, B. (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Gayatri Vidya Parishad College of Engineering (Autonomous))
  • Received : 2019.05.04
  • Accepted : 2020.08.18
  • Published : 2020.03.25
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Abstract

Development of lightweight implant plates are important to reduce the stress shielding effect for a prosthesis of femur bone fractures. Stainless steel (SS-316L) is a widely used material for making implants. Stress shielding effect and other issues arise due to the difference in mechanical properties of stainless steel when compared with bone. To overcome these issues, composite materials seem to be a better alternative solution. The comparison is made between two biocompatible composite materials, namely Ti-hydroxyapatite and Ti-polypropylene. "Titanium (Ti)" is fiber material while "hydroxyapatite" and "polypropylene" are matrix materials. These two composites have Young's modulus closer to the bone than stainless steel. Besides the variety of bones, present paper constrained to femur bone analysis only. Being heaviest and longest, the femur is the most likely to fail among all bone failures in human. Modelling of the femur bone, screws, implant and assembly was carried out using CATIA and static analysis was carried out using ANSYS. The femur bone assembly was analyzed for forces during daily activities. Ti-hydroxyapatite and Ti-polypropylene composite implants induced more stress in composite implant plate, results less stress induced in bone leading to a reduction in shielding effect than stainless steel implant plate thus ensuring safety and quick healing for the patient.

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References

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