Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics

The Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry (대한치과보존학회)
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Physicochemical properties, cytotoxicity and penetration into dentinal tubules of sodium hypochlorite with and without surfactants

  • Hernan Coaguila-Llerena (Department of Restorative Dentistry, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara School of Dentistry) ;
  • Isadora Barbieri (Department of Restorative Dentistry, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara School of Dentistry) ;
  • Mario Tanomaru-Filho (Department of Restorative Dentistry, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara School of Dentistry) ;
  • Renato de Toledo Leonardo (Department of Restorative Dentistry, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara School of Dentistry) ;
  • Ana Paula Ramos (Department of Chemistry, Sao Paulo University (USP), Ribeirao Preto College of Philosophy Sciences and Letters) ;
  • Gisele Faria (Department of Restorative Dentistry, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara School of Dentistry)
  • Received : 2019.04.03
  • Accepted : 2020.06.24
  • Published : 2020.11.30
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Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the physicochemical properties, cytotoxicity and penetration into dentinal tubules of ChlorCidTM Surf (3% sodium hypochlorite [NaOCl] with surfactant) in comparison to ChlorCidTM (3% NaOCl without surfactant). Materials and Methods: The physicochemical properties evaluated were pH, surface tension, free available chlorine (FAC) and contact angle. Cytotoxicity was evaluated in L929 fibroblasts exposed to the solutions by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide and neutral red assays. Assessment of penetration into dentinal tubules was performed by staining single-rooted permanent human teeth with crystal violet (n = 9), which were irrigated with the solutions and analyzed in cervical, middle and apical segments. Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's post-test, 2-way ANOVA and Bonferroni's post-test or t-test (α = 0.05). Results: ChlorCidTM Surf and ChlorCidTM FAC values were close to those indicated by the manufacturer. ChlorCidTM Surf showed lower surface tension and contact angle on dentin, and higher pH than ChlorCidTM (p < 0.05). The penetration of ChlorCidTM Surf was higher in cervical and middle segments, compared with ChlorCidTM (p < 0.05). There was no difference in irrigant cytotoxicity (p > 0.05). Conclusions: ChlorCidTM Surf showed lower surface tension, lower contact angle on root canal dentin, higher penetration into dentinal tubules and more alkaline pH, compared with ChlorCidTM. However, both solutions showed similar cytotoxicity and FAC content.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo - FAPESP under Grant 2018/24662-6; and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico - CNPq under Grant 51759.

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