Journal of Conservation Science (보존과학회지)

The Korean Society Of Conservation Science For Cultural Heritage (한국문화재보존과학회)
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On-site Conservation Treatment of the Beaker-shaped Pottery from Yori, Hyangnam, Hwaseong

화성 향남 요리 출토 심발형 토기 수습과 보존처리

  • Kwon, Ohyoung (Cultural Heritage Conservation Science Center, National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage) ;
  • Ham, Chulhee (Cultural Heritage Conservation Science Center, National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage) ;
  • Lee, Sunmyoung (Restoration Technology Science Division, National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage)
  • 권오영 (국립문화재연구소 문화재보존과학센터) ;
  • 함철희 (국립문화재연구소 문화재보존과학센터) ;
  • 이선명 (국립문화재연구소 복원기술연구실)
  • Received : 2020.10.22
  • Accepted : 2020.11.13
  • Published : 2020.12.29
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Abstract

Ten historic sites (denoted as A- J in this study) of a tomb were found during the construction of the east-west expressway in District 2 of Hyangnam, Hwaseong, which is implemented by the Gyeonggi-do headquarters of the Korea Land & Housing Corporation. Thetombswere first detected at siteH, and further investigations revealed various tombs from the Three Kingdoms period; artifacts such as gilt-bronze shoes and caps were excavated from wooden coffins in the tombs. The pottery examined in this study was the only pottery artifact excavated from the site. Its raw clay was soft and loose, reddish brown, and had quartz and feldspar particles of < 1 mm, which appeared to have been added as reinforcing agents. The firing temperature of the pottery was estimated to be under 800-870 ℃ as the mica remains and tridimite, which is the phase transition mineral of quartz, was not produced; a slight endothermic peak was also detected because of the hydration of sericite at 800 ℃. The condition of the artifact was severely weakened because of various factors, such as soil pressure from the stratum formed over the site and repeated freezing and thawing. The artifact could not be collected alone, and thus, surrounding soil that had attached to the artifact was also collected; the artifact was transported to the laboratory and conservation treatment was conducted in a safe and systematic manner.

한국토지주택공사 경기지역본부에서 시행 중인 화성 향남 2지구 동서간선도로 건설 부지 내에서 총 10개소(A~J) 유적지가 확인되었다. 화성 요리 고분군 유적은 H지점에 해당하는 곳으로 조사 결과, 다양한 삼국시대 고분군이 확인되었고 그중 목곽묘에서 금동식리와 금동관모 등이 출토되었다. 본 연구 대상 토기는 목곽묘에서 출토된 유일한 토제 유물로 태토는 연질이며, 적갈색의 느슨한 기질에 1 mm 미만의 석영, 장석이 비짐으로 첨가되었다. 토기의 소성 온도는 운모류가 소멸되지 않고 석영의 상전이 광물인 트리디마이트(tridimite)가 생성되지 않았으며, 800℃에서 견운모의 탈수 작용에 의한 흡열피크가 미약하게 확인되는 점으로 보아 800~870℃로 추정된다. 토기는 유적 위로 지층이 형성되면서 발생된 토압, 동결과 융해의 반복 등 여러 원인에 의해 매우 약화된 상태였다. 토기만 단독으로 수습하기 불가능한 상황이었으므로 토기를 고정하고 있던 주변 토양을 같이 수습하고 보존처리실로 이동하여 체계적으로 안전하게 보존처리하였다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 국립문화재연구소 문화유산 조사연구(R&D)사업의 지원을 받아 수행한 연구로 2018년 한국문화유산원에서 정리한 보고서를 보완·정리하였다.

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