Journal of Bio-Environment Control (생물환경조절학회지)

The Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control (한국생물환경조절학회)
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Assessment of Water Control Model for Tomato and Paprika in the Greenhouse Using the Penman-Monteith Model

Penman-Monteith을 이용한 토마토와 파프리카의 증발산 모델 평가

  • Somnuek, Siriluk (Renewable Energy Crop Institute, Department of Agriculture) ;
  • Hong, Youngsin (Division of Smart Farm Development, Department of Agricultural Engineer, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kim, Minyoung (Division of Disaster Prevention Engineering, Department of Agricultural Engineer, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Lee, Sanggyu (Division of Smart Farm Development, Department of Agricultural Engineer, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Baek, Jeonghyun (Division of Smart Farm Development, Department of Agricultural Engineer, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kwak, Kangsu (Division of Smart Farm Development, Department of Agricultural Engineer, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Lee, Hyondong (Division of Smart Farm Development, Department of Agricultural Engineer, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Lee, Jaesu (Division of Smart Farm Development, Department of Agricultural Engineer, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration)
  • 솜늑 시리락 (태국 농림부 신재생 에너지 작물 연구소) ;
  • 홍영신 (국립농업과학원 농업공학부 스마트팜개발과) ;
  • 김민영 (국립농업과학원 농업공학부 재해예방공학과) ;
  • 이상규 (국립농업과학원 농업공학부 스마트팜개발과) ;
  • 백정현 (국립농업과학원 농업공학부 스마트팜개발과) ;
  • 곽강수 (국립농업과학원 농업공학부 스마트팜개발과) ;
  • 이현동 (국립농업과학원 농업공학부 스마트팜개발과) ;
  • 이재수 (국립농업과학원 농업공학부 스마트팜개발과)
  • Received : 2019.12.05
  • Accepted : 2020.04.14
  • Published : 2020.07.30
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Abstract

This paper investigated actual crop evapotranspiration (ETc) of tomato and paprika planted in test beds of the greenhouse. Crop water requirement (CWR) is the amount of water required to compensate ETc loss from the crop. The main objectives of the study are to assess whether the actual crop watering (ACW) was adequate CWR of tomato and paprika and which amount of ACW should be irrigated to each crop. ETc was estimated using the Penman-Monteith model (P-M) for each crop. ACW was calculated from the difference of amount of nutrient supply water and amount of nutrient drainage water. ACW and CWR of each crop were determined, compared and assessed. Results indicated CWR-tomato was around 100 to 1,200 ml/day, while CWR-paprika ranged from 100 to 500 ml/day. Comparison of ACW and CWR of each crop found that the difference of ACW and CWR are fluctuated following day of planting (DAP). However, the differences could divide into two phases, first the amount of ACWs of each crop are less than CWR in the initial phase (60 DAP) around 500 ml/day and 91 ml/day, respectively. Then, ACWs of each crop are greater than the CWR after 60 DAP until the end of cultivation approximately 400 ml/day in tomato and 178 ml/day in paprika. ETc assessment is necessary to correctly quantify crop irrigation water needs and it is an accurate short-term estimation of CWR in greenhouse for optimal irrigation scheduling. Thus, reducing ACW of tomato and paprika in the greenhouse is a recommendation. The amount of ACW of tomato should be applied from 100 to 1,200 ml/day and paprika is 100 to 500 ml/day depend on DAP.

ETc 손실을 보상하는데 필요한 물의 양을 작물 용수 요구량(Crop water requirement, CWR)로 정의되며, ETc 평가는 작물 필요 요구량을 정확하게 정량화하는 데 필요하며, 물 균형 계산에서 중요한 역할을 한다. 토마토와 파프리카의 실제 관수 요구량(Actual crop water, ACW)이 적절한 CWR인지 평가하였다. 토마토와 파프리카 재배에 적정한 AWC 예측 및 추정을 위하여 온실 내부 환경데이터를 Penman-Monteith을 이용하여 기준 작물 증발산(ET)을 계산한 후, 기준 증발산은 작물 상수(Kc;토마토-1.15, 파프리카-1.05)계수로 조정하였다. 토마토와 파프리카의 CWR과 ACW를 계산하여 비교 평가한 결과 ACW가 CWR을 대체할 수 있지만 파프리카의 ACW는 필요 이상으로 높게 나타났다. 또한, 토마토의 ACW는 1일 100 ~ 1,200 ml이고, 파프리카의 ACW는 1일 100 ~ 500 ml가 적절한 것으로 나타났다. 그러나, 스마트 온실에서 ETc의 정밀도를 높이려면, ETc가 CWR로 변환되고 ACW와 비교하기 위해서 클래스 A팬 설정이 필요하다. 향후 실시간으로 CWR을 측정하기 위한 시뮬레이션 프로그램 연구가 필요하다.

Keywords

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