DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effect mechanism of unfrozen water on the frozen soil-structure interface during the freezing-thawing process

  • Tang, Liyun (Architecture and Civil Engineering School, Xi'an University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Du, Yang (Architecture and Civil Engineering School, Xi'an University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Liu, Lang (Energy School, Xi'an University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Jin, Long (CCCC First Highway Consultants Co. Ltd.) ;
  • Yang, Liujun (Architecture and Civil Engineering School, Xi'an University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Li, Guoyu (State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences)
  • 투고 : 2020.01.23
  • 심사 : 2020.07.06
  • 발행 : 2020.08.10

초록

The interaction between the frozen soil and building structures deteriorates with the increasing temperature. A nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) stratification test was conducted with respect to the unfrozen water content on the interface and a shear test was conducted on the frozen soil-structure interface to explore the shear characteristics of the frozen soil-structure interface and its failure mechanism during the thawing process. The test results showed that the unfrozen water at the interface during the thawing process can be clearly distributed in three stages, i.e., freezing, phase transition, and thawing, and that the shear strength of the interface decreases as the unfrozen water content increases. The internal friction angle and cohesive force display a change law of "as one falls, the other rises," and the minimum internal friction angle and maximum cohesive force can be observed at -1℃. In addition, the change characteristics of the interface strength parameters during the freezing process were compared, and the differences between the interface shear characteristics and failure mechanisms during the frozen soil-structure interface freezing-thawing process were discussed. The shear strength parameters of the interface was subjected to different changes during the freezing-thawing process because of the different interaction mechanisms of the molecular structures of ice and water in case of the ice-water phase transition of the test sample during the freezing-thawing process.

키워드

과제정보

This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41502298).

참고문헌

  1. Auriault, J.L., Borne, L. and Chambon, R. (1985), "Dynamics of porous saturated media, checking of the generalized law of Darcy", J. Acoust. Soc. Amer., 77(5), 1641-1650. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.391962.
  2. Du, Y., Tang, L., Yang, L., Wang, X. and Bai, M. (2019), "Interface characteristics of frozen soil-structure thawing process based on nuclear magnetic resonance", Chin. J. Geotech. Eng., 41(12), 2316-2322. https://doi.org/10.11779/CJGE201912017.
  3. Fatahi, B., Tabatabaiefar, S. and Samali, B. (2014), "Soil-structure interaction vs site effect for seismic design of tall buildings on soft soil", Geomech. Eng., 6(3), 293-320. https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2014.6.3.293.
  4. Kruse, A.M., Darrow, M.M. and Akagawa, S. (2017), "Improvements in measuring unfrozen water in frozen soils using the pulsed nuclear magnetic resonance method", J. Cold Reg. Eng., 32(1), 04017016. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CR.1943-5495.0000141.
  5. Lee, J., Kim, Y. and Choi, C. (2013), "A study for adfreeze bond strength developed between weathered granite soils and aluminum plate", J. Korean Geoenviron. Soc., 14(12), 23-30. https://doi.org/10.14481/jkges.2013.14.12.023.
  6. Li, J.L., Zhou, K.P., Liu, W.J. and Deng, H.W. (2016), "NMR research on deterioration characteristics of microscopic structure of sandstones in freeze-thaw cycles", T. Nonferr. Metal. Soc. China, 26(11), 2997-3003. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1003-6326(16)64430-8.
  7. Liu, J.K., Cui, Y.H., Wang, P.C. and Lv, P. (2014), "Design and validation of a new dynamic direct shear apparatus for frozen soil", Cold Reg. Sci. Technol., 106, 207-215. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2014.07.010.
  8. Liu, J.K., Lv, P., Cui, Y.H. and Liu, J.Y. (2014), "Experimental study on direct shear behavior of frozen soil-concrete interface", Cold Reg. Sci. Technol., 104, 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2014.04.007.
  9. Lyazgin, A.L., Lyashenko, V.S., Ostroborodov, S.V., Ol'shanskii, V.G., Bayasan, R.M., Shevtsov, K.P. and Pustovoit, G.P. (2004), "Experience in the prevention of frost heave of pile foundations of transmission towers under northern conditions", Power Technol. Eng., 38(2), 124-126. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:HYCO.0000036365.64731.4c.
  10. Mohnke, O. and Yaramanci, U. (2002), "Smooth and block inversion of surface NMR amplitudes and decay times using simulated annealing", J. Appl. Geophys., 50(1-2), 163-177. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0926-9851(02)00137-4.
  11. Ngo, V.L., Kim, J.M. and Lee, C. (2019), "Influence of structure-soil-structure interaction on foundation behavior for two adjacent structures: Geo-centrifuge experiment", Geomech. Eng., 19(5), 407-420. https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2019.19.5.407.
  12. Nishimura, S. and Wang, J. (2018), "A simple framework for describing strength of saturated frozen soils as multi-phase coupled system", Geotechnique, 69(8), 659-671. https://doi.org/10.1680/jgeot.17.P.104.
  13. Niu, F.J., Ma, W. and Wu, Q.B. (2011), "Thermal stability of roadbeds of the Qinghai-Tibet railway in permafrost regions and the main freezing-thawing hazards", J. Earth Sci. Environ., 33(2), 196-206. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1672-6561.2011.02.016.
  14. Nixon, J.F. and Morgenstern, N.R. (2011), "Thaw-consolidation tests on undisturbed fine-grained permafrost", Can. Geotech. J., 11(1), 202-214. https://doi.org/10.1139/t74-012.
  15. Pan, D., Li, S., Xu, Z., Zhang, Y., Lin, P. and Li, H. (2019), "A deterministic-stochastic identification and modelling method of discrete fracture networks using laser scanning: Development and case study", Eng. Geol., 262, 105310. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2019.105310.
  16. Rist, A., Phillips, M. and Springman, S.M. (2012), "Inclinable shear box simulations of deepening active layers on perennially frozen scree slopes", Permafrost Periglac., 23(1), 26-38. https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp.1730.
  17. Sayles, F.H., Baker, T.H.W., Gallavres, F., Jessberger, H.L., Kinosita, S., Sadovskiy, A.V. and Vyalov, S.S. (1987), "Classification and laboratory testing of artificially frozen ground", J. Cold Reg. Eng., 1(1), 22-48. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0887-381x(1987)1:1(22).
  18. Shi, Q.B, Yang, P. and Wang, G.L. (2016), "Experimental study on adfreezing strength of the interface between artificial frozen sand and structure", Chin. J. Rock Mech. Eng., 35(10), 2142-2151. https://doi.org/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2015.1511.
  19. Shiklomanov, N.I., Streletskiy, D.A., Swales, T.B. and Kokorev, V.A. (2017), "Climate change and stability of urban infrastructure in Russian permafrost regions: Prognostic assessment based on GCM climate projections", Geograph. Rev., 107(1), 125-142. https://doi.org/10.1111/gere.12214.
  20. Spaans, E.J. and Baker, J.M. (1996), "The soil freezing characteristic: Its measurement and similarity to the soil moisture characteristic", Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. J., 60(1), 13-19. https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj1996.03615995006000010005x.
  21. Tan, L., Wei, C.F., Tian, H.H., Zhou, J.Z. and Wei, H.Z. (2015), "Experimental study of unfrozen water content of frozen soils by low-field nuclear magnetic resonance", Rock Soil Mech., 36(6), 1566-1572. https://doi.org/10.16285/j.rsm.2015.06.006.
  22. Tang, L., Wang, K., Deng, L., Yang, G., Chen, J. and Jin, L. (2019), "Axial loading behaviour of laboratory concrete piles subjected to p A resistivity model for testing unfrozen water content of frozen soilermafrost degradation", Cold Reg. Sci. Technol., 166, 102820. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2019.102820.
  23. Terzaghi, K., Peck, R.B. and Mesri, G. (1996), Soil Mechanics in Engineering Practice, John Wiley and Sons.
  24. The National Standards Compilation Group of the People's Republic of China (1999), GB/T50123-1999 Standard for Soil Test Method, China Planning Press, Beijing, China.
  25. Tice, A.R., Anderson, D.M. and Sterrett, K.F. (1981), "Unfrozen water contents of submarine permafrost determined by nuclear magnetic resonance", Eng. Geol., 18(1-4), 135-146. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-42010-7.50017-7.
  26. Tsytovich, N.A. (1960), "Problems of frozen soil mechanics in engineering practice", Highway Res Board Special Report, (60).
  27. Wang, B., Liu, Z.Q., Zhao, X.D., Zhi, L. and Xiao, H.H. (2017), "Experimental study on shearing mechanical characteristics of thawing soil and structure interface under high pressure", Rock Soil Mech., 38(12), 3540-3546.
  28. Wang, F., Li, G., Ma, W., Wu, Q., Serban, M., Vera, S., Alexandr, F., Jiang, N. and Wang, B. (2019), "Pipeline-permafrost interaction monitoring system along the China-Russia crude oil pipeline", Eng. Geol., 254, 113-125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2019.03.013.
  29. Wang, S., Wang, Q., Qi, J. and Liu, F. (2018), "Experimental study on freezing point of saline soft clay after freeze-thaw cycling", Geomech. Eng., 15(4), 997-1004 https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2018.15.4.997.
  30. Wang, X., Li, S., Xu, Z., Hu, J., Pan, D. and Xue, Y. (2019), "Risk assessment of water inrush in karst tunnels excavation based on normal cloud model", Bull. Eng. Geol. Environ., 78(5), 3783-3798. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-018-1294-6.
  31. Wen, Z., Yu, H.H., Zhang, J.M., Dong, S.S., Ma, W., Niu, F.J., Zhao, S.P. and Yang, Z. (2013), "Experimental study on adfreezing bond strength of interface between silt and foundation of Qinghai-Tibetan transmission line", Chin. J. Geotech. Eng., 35(12), 2262-2267.
  32. Wen, Z., Yu, Q., Ma, W., Dong, S., Wang, D., Niu, F. and Zhang, M. (2016), "Experimental investigation on the effect of fiberglass reinforced plastic cover on adfreeze bond strength", Cold Reg. Sci. Technol., 131, 108-115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2016.07.009.
  33. Xu, Z., Lin, P., Xing, H. and Wang, J. (2020), "Mathematical modelling of cumulative erosion ratio for suffusion in soils", Proc. Inst. Civ. Eng. Geotech. Eng., 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1680/jgeen.19.00082.
  34. Xu, Z.H., Huang, X., Li, S.C., Lin, P., Shi, X.S. and Wu, J. (2020), "A new slice-based method for calculating the minimum safe thickness for a filled-type karst cave", Bull. Eng. Geol. Environ., 79(2), 1097-1111. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-019-01609-9.
  35. You, Y., Wang, J., Wu, Q., Yu, Q., Pan, X., Wang, X. and Guo, L. (2017), "Causes of pile foundation failure in permafrost regions: The case study of a dry bridge of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway", Eng. Geol., 230, 95-103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2017.10.004.
  36. Zhou, K.P., Bin, L.I., Li, J.L., Deng, H.W. and Feng, B.I.N. (2015), "Microscopic damage and dynamic mechanical properties of rock under freeze-thaw environment", T. Nonferr. Metal. Soc. China, 25(4), 1254-1261. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1003-6326(15)63723-2.

피인용 문헌

  1. Study on Dynamic Constitutive Model of Weakly Consolidated Soft Rock in Western China vol.2020, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8865013
  2. Effects of freezing and thawing on retaining wall with changes in groundwater level vol.24, pp.6, 2020, https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2021.24.6.531
  3. Data-driven framework for predicting ground temperature during ground freezing of a silty deposit vol.26, pp.3, 2020, https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2021.26.3.235
  4. Model Test Study on Stability Factors of Expansive Soil Slopes with Different Initial Slope Ratios under Freeze-Thaw Conditions vol.11, pp.18, 2020, https://doi.org/10.3390/app11188480
  5. Experimental study of the frozen soil-structure interface shear strength deterioration mechanism during thawing vol.14, pp.23, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-021-08673-0