DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Anti-obesity Effects of Mulberry Leaf and Yacon Extract in Obese Rats

  • Lim, Yong (Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Dong-eui University) ;
  • Oh, Ji Hye (Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Daejeon University) ;
  • Park, Un Kyu (Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Daejeon University) ;
  • Huh, Man Kyu (Food Engineering and Technology Major, Dong-eui University) ;
  • Hwang, Seock-Yeon (Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Daejeon University)
  • Received : 2020.03.06
  • Accepted : 2020.05.12
  • Published : 2020.06.30

Abstract

We evaluated the effect of anti-obesitic activity of MYE (mulberry leaf + Yacon tuber) extracted from Morus alba as muberry leaf and Smallanthus sonchifolia as yacon. 1%, 3%, or 5% of MYE were treated to Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to a high-fat diet. MYE treated rats were suppressed weight during four weeks, and they lost weight significantly after six weeks. Common blood chemistry panels related to liver function revealed significant improvement in the MYE-treated groups. The expression of leptin as indicators for obesity was decreased in perirenal fat. Such results indicate that MYE could be a promising candidate for the improvement of obesity. In addition, MYE effected on deceased glucose metabolism, reducing the activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH) and glucokinase related to glycogen synthesis. The fatty liver was observed in high-fat diet-treated rats, resulting from increased number of adipose cells and Ito cells. However, this pathologic change was significantly improved by administration of MYE. MYE have significant effects on antioxdative function and glycometabolism against high fat diet. Thereby, it seems that MYE prevent fatty liver by high-fat diet. Thus it is suggested that MYE would be worth being developed as an biofunctional food to prevent undesirable effects caused by obesity.

Keywords

References

  1. Atkinson RL. Use of drugs in the treatment of obesity. Annu Rev Nutr. 1997. 17: 383-403. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.nutr.17.1.383
  2. Baginski ES, Foa PP, Zak B. Glucose-6-phosphatase. In: Methods of enzymatic analysis. 2. (Bergmeyer HU. Ed). 1983. pp 876-880. Academic Press; NY, USA:
  3. Carmichael AR. Treatment for morbid obesity. Postgrad Med J. 1999. 75: 7-12. https://doi.org/10.1136/pgmj.75.879.7
  4. Chen HL, Lu YH, Lin JJ, Ko LY. Effects of fructooligosaccharide on bowel function and indicators of nutritional status in constipated elderly men. Nutr Res. 2000. 20: 1725-1733. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0271-5317(00)00274-8
  5. Cho JJ, Shin HJ. Body-fat suppressive effects of capsaicin through ${\beta}$-adrenergic stimulation in rats fed a high-fat diet. Korean J Nutr. 1999. 32: 533-539.
  6. Cho JJ, Shin HJ. Sensory evaluation and changes in physiochemical properties, and microflora and enzyme activities of pumpkinadded kochujang. Korean J Food Sci Technol. 2000. 32: 851-859.
  7. Considine RV, Sinha MK, Heiman ML, Kriauciunas A, Stephens TW, Nyce MR, Ohannesian JP, Marco CC, McKee LJ, Bauer TL, Caro JF. Serum immuno-reactive-leptin concentrations in normal-weight and obese humans. N Engl J Med. 1996. 334: 292-295. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199602013340503
  8. Cooke JP, Oka RK. Dose leptin cause vascular disease? Circulation. 2002. 106: 1904-1905. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.0000036864.14101.1B
  9. DeMoss RD. Kinases in Leuconostoc mesenteroides. J Bacteriol. 1968. 95: 1692-1697. https://doi.org/10.1128/jb.95.5.1692-1697.1968
  10. Fu Z, Gilbert ER, Liu, D. Regulation of insulin synthesis and secretion and pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction in diabetes. Curr Diabetes Rev. 2013. 9: 25-53. https://doi.org/10.2174/157339913804143225
  11. Fujimoto T, Nomura T. Components of root bark of cudrania tricuspidata 3. Isolation and structure studies on the flavonoids. Planta Med. 1985. 51: 190-196. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-969453
  12. Guallar E, Stranges S, Mulraw C, Appel LJ. Enough is enough: Stop wasting money on vitamin and mineral supplements. Ann Intern Med. 2013. 159: 850-851. https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-159-12-201312170-00011
  13. Hara H, Miwa I, Okuda J. Inhibition of rat glucokinase by alloxan and ninhydrin. Chem Pharm Bull. 1986. 34: 4731-4737. https://doi.org/10.1248/cpb.34.4731
  14. Havel PJ, Kasim-Karakas S, Dubuc GR, Mueller W, Phinney SD. Gender differences in plasma leptin concentrations. Nat Med. 1996. 2: 949-950.
  15. Hirano T. Pathophysiology of diabetic dyslipidemia. J Atheroscler Thromb. 2018. 25: 771-782. https://doi.org/10.5551/jat.RV17023
  16. Jee SH, Sull JW, Park J, Lee SY, Ohrr H, Guallar E, Samet JM. Body-mass index and mortality in Korean men and women. N Engl J Med. 2006. 355: 779-787. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa054017
  17. Jo SP, Kim JK, Lim YH. Antihyperlipidemic effects of stilbenoids isolated from Morus alba in rats fed a high-cholesterol diet. Food Chem Toxicol. 2014. 65: 213-218. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2013.12.040
  18. Kawada T, Hgihara K, Iwai K. Effects of capsaicin on lipid metabolism in rats fed a high fat diet. J Nutr. 1986. 116: 1272-1278. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/116.7.1272
  19. Kereiakes DJ, Willerson JT. Metabolic syndrome epidemic. Circulation. 2003. 13: 1552-1553. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.0000093203.00632.2B
  20. Kim CH, Choi TM, Chang SG, Hong SY. Palsma homocysteine, folate and vitamin B concentrations in coronary artery disease. J Kor Cir. 1998. 28: 516-524. https://doi.org/10.4070/kcj.1998.28.4.516
  21. Kim IJ. Autoantibodies against oxidized LDLs and atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Research Digest. 2005. 2: 70-71.
  22. Kim SS, Oh HY, Kim HR, Yang JS, Kim DS, Sheen YY, Choi KH. Effect of biphenyl dimethyl dicarboxylate on cytochrome P450 1A1 and 2B1 and CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity in rat liver. Yakhak Hoeji. 1999. 43: 827-833.
  23. Kim MH, Sung CJ. The study of relationship among serum leptin. nutritional status, serum glucose and lipids of middle-school girls. Kor J Nutr. 2000. 33: 49-58.
  24. Kopelman P. Health risks associated with overweight and obesity. Obes Rev. 2007. 8: 13-17. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-789X.2007.00311.x
  25. Lim TK. Edible medicinal and non medicinal plants. 2015. pp 717-734. Springer, Dordrecht.
  26. Lowry OH, Rosebrough NJ, Farr AL, Randall RJ. Protein measurement with the folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem. 1951. 193: 265-275. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9258(19)52451-6
  27. Ministry of Health and Welfare. National Health Interview Survey (NHIS). National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Sejong, Korea. 2018. pp 71-72.
  28. Murat JC, Serfaty, A. Simple enzymatic determination of polysaccharide (glycogen) content of animal tissue. Clinical Chemistry. 1974. 20: 1576-1577. https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/20.12.1576
  29. Nassir F, Rector RS, Hammound GM, Ibdah JA. Pathogenesis and prevention of hepatic steatosis. Gastronterol Hepatol (NY). 2015. 11: 167-175.
  30. Ogden CL, Yanovski SZ, Carroll MD, Flegal KM. The epidemiology of obesity. Gastroenterology. 2007. 132: 2087-2102. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2007.03.052
  31. Pellymounter MA, Cullen MJ, Baker MB, Hecht R, Wmters D, Boone T. Effects of the obese gene product on body weight regulation in ob/ob mice. Science.1995. 269: 540-543. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.7624776
  32. Pi-Sunyer XF. Medical hazards of obesity. Ann Intern Med. 1993. 119: 655-660. https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-119-7_Part_2-199310011-00006
  33. Prentice AM. Obesity and its potential mechanistic basic. Brit Med Bull. 2001. 60: 51-67. https://doi.org/10.1093/bmb/60.1.51
  34. Russo D, Valentao P, Andrade PB, Fernandez EC, Milella L. Evaluation of antioxidant, antidiabetic and anticholinesterase activities of Smallanthus sonchifolius landraces and correlation with their phytochemical profiles. Int J Mol Sci. 2015. 16: 17696-17718. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms160817696
  35. Singhal A, Farooqi IS, Cole TJ, O'Rahilly S, Fewtrell M, Kattenhorn M, Lucas A, Deanfield J. Influence of leptin on arterial distensibility: a novel link between obesity and cardiovascular disease. Circulation. 2002. 106: 1919-1924. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.cir.0000033219.24717.52
  36. Yamada T, Hida H, Yamada Y. Chemistry, physiological properties, and microbial production of hydroxycitric acid. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2007. 75: 977-982. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-007-0962-4
  37. Weledji, EP. Overview of gastric bypass surgery. Int J Sur Open. 2016. 5: 11-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijso.2016.09.004
  38. WHO. The Asia pacific perspective: redefining obesity and its treatment. Geneva. Ref. Type, Report. 2000.
  39. Wilcox G. Insulin and insulin resistance. Clin Biochem Rev. 2005. 26: 19-39.