Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery

  • Volume 42
  • /
  • Pages.18.1-18.9
  • /
  • 2020
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  • 2288-8101(pISSN)
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  • 2288-8586(eISSN)
Korean Association of Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons (대한악안면성형재건외과학회)
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Three-dimensional bio-printing and bone tissue engineering: technical innovations and potential applications in maxillofacial reconstructive surgery

  • Salah, Muhja (St George's Hospital) ;
  • Tayebi, Lobat (Marquette University School of Dentistry) ;
  • Moharamzadeh, Keyvan (Academic Unit of Restorative Dentistry, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield) ;
  • Naini, Farhad B. (Kingston and St George's Hospitals and St George's Medical School)
  • Received : 2020.05.05
  • Accepted : 2020.05.24
  • Published : 2020.12.31
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Abstract

Background: Bone grafting has been considered the gold standard for hard tissue reconstructive surgery and is widely used for large mandibular defect reconstruction. However, the midface encompasses delicate structures that are surrounded by a complex bone architecture, which makes bone grafting using traditional methods very challenging. Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is a developing technology that is derived from the evolution of additive manufacturing. It enables precise development of a scaffold from different available biomaterials that mimic the shape, size, and dimension of a defect without relying only on the surgeon's skills and capabilities, and subsequently, may enhance surgical outcomes and, in turn, patient satisfaction and quality of life. Review: This review summarizes different biomaterial classes that can be used in 3D bioprinters as bioinks to fabricate bone scaffolds, including polymers, bioceramics, and composites. It also describes the advantages and limitations of the three currently used 3D bioprinting technologies: inkjet bioprinting, micro-extrusion, and laserassisted bioprinting. Conclusions: Although 3D bioprinting technology is still in its infancy and requires further development and optimization both in biomaterials and techniques, it offers great promise and potential for facial reconstruction with improved outcome.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

LT and KM acknowledge the financial support from the National Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Research of the National Institutes of Health under award number R15DE027533.

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