Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure

Korean Society of Ecology and Infrastructure Engineering (응용생태공학회)
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Change of Carbon Fixation and Economic Assessment according to the Implementation of the Sunset Provision

도시공원 일몰제에 의한 탄소고정량과 경제성 분석에 대한 연구

  • Choi, Jiyoung (Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University) ;
  • Lee, Sangdon (Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University)
  • 최지영 (이화여자대학교 환경공학과) ;
  • 이상돈 (이화여자대학교 환경공학과)
  • Received : 2020.05.12
  • Accepted : 2020.06.18
  • Published : 2020.06.30
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Abstract

In accordance with the implementation of the sunset provision to cancel the designations of urban park sites that remained unexecuted for a prolonged period until 2020, the park sites in the city center, which account for 90% of the long-term unexecuted urban facilities subjected to the provision, are currently on the verge of development. The total area of the 204 park sites that will disappear in Seoul as a result of this provision is 95 ㎢; moreover, 116 of these are privately-owned. It is expected that the possible changes in the use of these park sites could result in reckless development and reduction of green space, which would ultimately affect the ecosystem. This study applied the InVEST model to calculate the changes in the fixed carbon amount before and after the implementation of the sunset provision to estimate the economic value of these changes. The study focused on Jongno-gu in Seoul because it has the most unexecuted park sites subjected to the lifting of the designation. The research findings show that the fixed carbon amount provided by the unexecuted park sites in Jongno-gu was 374,448 mg, prior to the implementation of the sunset provision; however, the amount was estimated to decrease by 18% to 305,564 mg after its execution. When calculated in terms of average value of the real carbon price, this translated into a loss of approximately 700 million won. In addition, considering the social costs including both climate change and the impact on the ecosystem, an economic loss of approximately 98 billion won was projected. This study is meaningful because its predictions are based on the estimation of fixed carbon amount according to the implementation of the sunset provision in Jongno-gu and scientifically calculates the value of ecological services provided by the parks in the city. This study can serve not only as a basis during the decision-making process for policies related to ecosystem conservation and development, but also as an evidentiary material for the compensation of privately-owned land that is designated as urban park sites and was unexecuted for a prolonged period.

2020년 「장기미집행 도시공원 일몰제」 시행에 따라 장기 미집행 대상 도시계획 시설 중 약 90%가 공원으로 차지하고 있어 도심 공원이 개발위기에 있다. 이로 인해 서울시에서 사라지는 공원면적은 95 ㎢이며, 204개 공원 중 116곳은 사유지이다. 이는 대부분 용도변경 가능성으로 난개발과 녹지율 감소를 야기하여 생태계에 영향을 줄 것으로 예상되고 있다. 본 연구는 해제대상 공원 수가 가장 많은 서울시 종로구를 대상으로, InVEST 모델을 적용하여 일몰제 시행 전·후에 대해 탄소고정량 변화량, 이에 따른 경제적 가치 추정을 하였다. 연구결과, 종로구의 미집행 공원이 제공하고 있던 탄소고정량은 374,448 megagram (Mg)였으며, 도시공원 일몰제 시행 시, 약 18%가 감소한 305,564 megagram (Mg)로 도출되었다. 이를 실질탄소가격을 적용하였을 때, 평균값 적용 시 약 7억 원의 손실로 추정되었다. 그리고 기후변화, 생태계에 미치는 영향을 모두 포함한 탄소의 사회적 비용을 적용하였을 때, 약 98억 원의 경제적 손실이 있는 것으로 예측되었다. 본 연구는 종로구의 일몰제 시행에 따른 탄소고정량 평가를 통한 예측하였다는 것에 의의가 있으며, 도심의 공원이 주는 생태계서비스를 과학적인 값으로 알 수 있었다. 본 연구는 생태계 보전과 개발 사이의 정책 결정 과정에서 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 뿐 아니라, 장기 미집행 대상 사유지 공원에 대한 보상의 근거자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

Keywords

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