Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology (대한임상독성학회지)

Korean society of Clincal Toxicology (대한임상독성학회)
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The Risk Factors of Acute Cardiovascular and Neurological Toxicity in Acute CO Poisoning Patients and Epidemiologic Features of Exposure Routes

급성 일산화탄소 중독 환자에서 급성 심혈관계, 신경학적 독성의 위험요인과 노출 경로의 역학적 특성

  • Park, Jinsoo (Department of Emergency Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine) ;
  • Shin, Seunglyul (Department of Emergency Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine) ;
  • Seo, Youngho (Department of Emergency Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine) ;
  • Jung, Hyunmin (Department of Emergency Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine)
  • 박진수 (인하대학교 의과대학 응급의학교실) ;
  • 신승열 (인하대학교 의과대학 응급의학교실) ;
  • 서영호 (인하대학교 의과대학 응급의학교실) ;
  • 정현민 (인하대학교 의과대학 응급의학교실)
  • Received : 2020.04.27
  • Accepted : 2020.06.06
  • Published : 2020.06.30
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Abstract

Purpose: This study evaluated aggressive hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) by understanding various exposure routes of acute carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning, the risk factors causing acute cardiovascular, and neurological toxicity caused by poisoning. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted based on the medical records of 417 acute CO poisoning patients who visited the emergency care unit from March 2017 to August 2019. The exposure routes, HBOT performance, age, sex, medical history (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, ischemic heart disease, heart failure), intentionality, loss of consciousness (LOC), intake with alcohol or sedatives, and initial test results (carboxyhemoglobin (COHb), troponin-I, electrocardiography, echocardiography, brain MRI) were examined. Comparative analysis of the clinical information was conducted between the groups that showed acute cardiovascular toxicity and neurological toxicity, and groups that did not. Results: Among 417 patients diagnosed with acute CO poisoning, 201 cases (48.2%) were intentional, and charcoal briquette was the most common route (169 patients (40.5%)). Two hundred sixteen cases (51.8%) were accidental, and fire was the most common route (135 patients (32.4%)). The exposure route was more diverse with accidental poisoning. Three hundred ninety-nine patients were studied for acute cardiovascular toxicity, and 62 patients (15.5%) were confirmed to be positive. The result was statistically significant in intentionality, LOC, combined sedatives, initial COHb, HTN, and IHD. One hundred two patients were studied for acute neurological toxicity, which was observed in 26 patients (25.5%). The result was statistically significant in age and LOC. Conclusion: Active HBOT should be performed to minimize damage to the major organs by identifying the various exposure routes of CO poisoning, risk factors for acute cardiovascular toxicity (intentionality, LOC, combined sedatives, initial COHb, HTN, IHD), and the risk factors for acute neurological toxicity (age, LOC).

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