DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

미세먼지(PM10) 추세를 고려한 환경계획 적용 방향 제안

Application of Environmental Planning Considering the Trend of PM10 in Ambient Air

  • 투고 : 2020.05.12
  • 심사 : 2020.06.05
  • 발행 : 2020.06.30

초록

대기 중의 미세먼지(PM10) 농도가 꾸준히 저감되어 왔음에도, 미세먼지관리에 대한 대국민 인식은 악화되었다. 그 이유에는 첫째, 여전히 WHO기준을 상회하는 미세먼지 연평균 농도, 둘째, 환경기준(150 mg/㎥) 초과일수의 증가, 셋째, 체계적으로 지역 특성을 고려한 환경계획 수립 미비 등이 있으며, 이러한 현안을 보완하는 것이 시급하다. 특히, 국내 미세먼지의 관리는 배출원 저감에만 집중되어 있기 때문에, 지역별 미세먼지의 발생원인과 현상을 분석하고 차별성, 시급성, 적용 가능성 등을 복합적으로 고려하여 실효성 있는 환경계획을 수립하는 것이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 2010년 이후 10년간 전국 69개 도시의 미세먼지의 농도변화 추세와 현재 수준을 고려하여 4가지 유형으로 분류하고, 각 유형별 미세먼지의 관리방향을 제시하였다. 특히 과거 10년 동안 미세먼지 개선정도가 미비하였던 관리유형 III(중부 내륙지역에 분포)과 IV(대도시, 남해·동해에 인접)를 중심으로 그린인프라 확충, 바람길 및 적응대책(노출의 제한) 도입 등의 보완 조치가 우선 필요함을 제안하였다. 본 연구에서는 미세먼지 발생 원인을 함께 고려하지 못하였지만, 과거의 경향에 기초하고 현재의 여건을 고려한 중·장기적 미세먼지 환경관리계획을 수립하는데 필요한 통계적 기법 제시와 방향을 제안하였다는 의의가 있다.

Even though PM10 in ambient air has been steadily reduced, the perception of it has been deteriorated. Forthatreason, first, it can still be mentioned the annual average concentration of PM10 exceeding WHO standards, second, an increase in the number of high concentration days of PM10, and third, lack of consideration for differences in causes and phenomena of PM10 by regions. Therefore, this study was aimed to suggest management types for PM10 in ambient air by clustering 69 cities based on the trends and current levels of PM10. In addition, we proposed complementary measures such as the green infrastructure, ventilation corridors and adaptation measures (limit of exposure) for type III (distribution in the central inner region) and IV (metropolitan city, south-east coast region) where improvement of PM10 was insufficient. Although this study did not consider the cause of PM10 together, there is a significance that the scientific basis for responding to the near future is conducted based on past trends of PM10.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Chu H, Venevsky S, Wu C, Wang M. 2019. NDVI-based vegetation dynamics and its response to climate changes at Amur-Heilongjiang River Basin from 1982 to 2015. Science of the Total Environment 650: 2051-2062. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.115
  2. Choi C, Kim C. 2016. Path dependency and social amplification of risk in particulate matter air pollution management and its implications. Journal of the Korean regional development association 28(5): 89-108. [Korean Literature] https://doi.org/10.22885/KRDA.2016.28.5.89
  3. Du J, Shu J, Yin J, Yuan X, Jiaerheng A, Xiong S, He P, Liu W. 2015. Analysis on spatiotemporal trends and drivers in vegetation growth during recent decades in Xinjiang, China. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation. 38: 216-228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2015.01.006
  4. Hyundai Research Institute. 2019. Perception survey of particulate matters. [Korean Literature]
  5. International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). 2013. IARC: Outdoor air pollution a leading environmental cause of cancer deaths. Press release.
  6. Janssens W, De Pelsmacker P, Wijnen K, Van Kenhove P. 2008. Marketing research with SPSS. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
  7. KBS News. 2019. Is it only fussy when the fine dust is 'bad'?.. there is no 'good' fine dust in the world. November 11. http://news.kbs.co.kr/news/view.do?ncd=4321057&ref=A. (Search March 10, 2020). [Korean Literature]
  8. Kim B, Yoon EJ, Kim S, Lee DK. 2020. The effects of risk perceptions related to particulate matter on outdoor activity satisfaction in South Korea. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17: 1613. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17051613
  9. Kim JS, Han SH. 2019. The effect of values of nature-based outdoor recreation on environmental policy support through particulate matter risk perception and ascription of responsibility: An application of VBN. International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Research 33(3): 5-20. [Korean Literature]
  10. Kim JG, Kyung DS, Lee SH. 2018a. Methods for making PM free city and case study. DaeJeon: LH Land and Housing Institute. [Korean Literature]
  11. Kim JY, Kim H, Jung K. 2018b. Association between hourly differences of particulate matters concentration and emergency department visits in Seoul. Public Health Affairs 2(1): 57-71. [Korean Literature] https://doi.org/10.29339/pha.2.1.57
  12. Kim JY, Kim H, Kweon J. 2018c. Association between hourly differences of Particulate matters concentration and Emergency department visits in Seoul. Public Health Aff. 2(1): 57-71. https://doi.org/10.29339/pha.2.1.57
  13. Kim TY, Kim H, Yi SM, Cheong JP, Heo J. 2018d. Short-term Effects of Ambient PM2.5 and PM2.5-10 on Mortality in Major Cities of Korea. Aerosol and Air Quality Research 18: 1853-1862. https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2017.11.0490
  14. Kim OJ, Kim SY, Kim H. 2017. Association between Long-Term Exposure to Particulate Matter Air Pollution and Mortality in a South Korean National Cohort: Comparison across Different Exposure Assessment Approaches. Int J Environ Res Public Health 14(10).
  15. Kim Y, Lee H, Jang Y, Lee H. 2015. How does media construct particulate matter risks?: A news frame and source analysis on particulate matter risks. Korean Journal of Journalism & Communication Studies 59(2): 121-154. [Korean Literature]
  16. Korean Statistical Information Service. 2020. Air pollution stats: particulate matters (PM10) monthly air pollution by city. http://kosis. kr/index/index.do. (Search March 5, 2020). [Korean Literature]
  17. Kwon E, Ahn S, Lee DK, Yoon EJ, Sung SY, Lee K. 2018. Spatial typification based on heat balance for improving thermal environment in Seoul. Journal of Korea Planning Association 53(7): 109-126. [Korean Literature] https://doi.org/10.17208/jkpa.2018.12.53.7.109
  18. Lee S, Yu S, Lee D, Song H, Kim B, Yun D, Kim S. 2015. Assessment for the level of awareness among Korean adults on the characteristics and health risks of $PM_{2.5}$. Journal of the Korean Society of Living Environmental System 22(3): 398-406. [Korean Literature] https://doi.org/10.21086/ksles.2015.06.22.3.398
  19. Lim SY, Cho JH. 2017. Comparison of fine dust trends by country and region and policy implications. Sejong: Korea Institute for Industrial Economics and Trade. [Korean Literature]
  20. Pang G, Wang X, Yang M. 2017. Using the NDVI to identify variations in, and responses of, vegetation to climate change on the Tibetan Plateau from 1982 to 2012. Quaternary International 444: 87-96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2016.08.038
  21. Park JS, Sung S, Yoon EJ. 2020. Can we reduce the city's enemy(敵) Particular matters?. Sejong: Korean Research Institute for Human Settlements(KRIHS) Land Issue Report 11. [Korean Literature]
  22. Park S, Shin H. 2017. Analysis of the factors influencing PM2.5 in Korea: Focusing on seasonal factors. Journal of Environmental Policy and Administration 25(1): 227-248. [Korean Literature] https://doi.org/10.15301/jepa.2017.25.1.227
  23. Sung S. 2020. Environmental planning countermeasures considering spatial distribution and potential factors of particulate matters concentration. Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology 23(1): 89-96. [Korean Literature] https://doi.org/10.13087/KOSERT.2019.23.1.89
  24. Statistics Korea. 2018. 2018 Social survey results. [Korean Literature]
  25. Statistics Korea. 2019. Statistical information report on air pollution status. [Korean Literature]
  26. Yeo MJ, Kim YP. 2019. Trends of the PM10 concentrations and high PM10 concentration cases in Korea. Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment 35(2): 249-264. [Korean Literature] https://doi.org/10.5572/KOSAE.2019.35.2.249